Traditions

1.1.1.1 Bushmen (all groups)
1.1.1.2 Khoekhoe (=Hottentot; incl Nama, Korana); Damara
1.2.1.1 Kosa (Xosa, Xhosa)
1.2.1.2 Zulu, Swazi
1.2.1.3 Tswana (Chwana), Suto (Soto; incl Pedi, Mbire)
1.2.1.4 Ndebele, Pedi, Thonga (incl Ronga), Hlengwe, Matabele (Tebele)
1.2.2.1 Shone (Shona, =Mashona, =Karanga), Makoni (Shoni dialect), Remba (=Hungwe, Wahungwe); Zezuru, Rozwi, Ndau (Vandau)
1.2.2.2 Bemba (Wemba, Babemba; incl Ambo, Lala, Lamba, Bisa), Holoholo, Kaonde
1.2.2.3 Tonga (Tsonga; incl, Soli, Sala, Lenje)
1.2.2.4 Ila (Baila)
1.2.2.5 Malawi (incl Nyanja, Banyanja, Manganja), Tumbuka (incl Henga), Nsenga, Matengo, (Ba)Wenda
1.2.2.6 Nyungwe (Tete)
1.2.2.7 Yao, Makua
1.2.3.1 Herero (Herrero)
1.2.3.2 Lozi (Losi, Rotse, Barotse), Lui, Subiya (Subia)
1.2.3.3 Mbundu (Umbundu, Kimbundu, Chimbundu, Ovimbundu), Kwanyama, Owambo (=Ambo)
1.2.3.4 Luchasi (Ngangela), Chokwe (Konwe); Mbukushu
1.2.3.5 Lunda (Alunda)
1.2.3.6 Yeyi
1.2.4.1 Congo (Koongo, Bacongo; incl Vili, Fioti, (Ma)Yombe, MuKunyi), Ndombo, Luango (Loango), Zombo (Sambo), Laadi (Laari), (Ba)Fioti, Woyo (Kiwoyo)
1.2.4.10 Yaka (in Angola and Congo)
1.2.4.11 Boa, Komo, (Ba)Nyanga, Mbole
1.2.4.12 Mongo (Mongo-Nkundu), Nkundu, Ngelima, Ngombe, (Ba)Tetela), Pende, Wu(Kusu), (Ba)Mbala (incl Saie, Kwilu)
1.2.4.13 Rwanda (incl Hutu, Tutsi, Kiga), Rundi, (Ma)Shi, Banyabungu; Rega
1.2.4.2 Sakata
1.2.4.3 Bushoong: (Ba)kuba, Dengese, Ngongo; Yansi
1.2.4.4 Lingala, (Ba)Ngala, Ntomba, Kioque, (Ki)Bangi, Bolia, Balolo, Boloki, (Ba)Akwa, (U)Poto
1.2.4.5 Soko
1.2.4.6 Kete, Luba-Kasai, Bena (Bene) Lulua; (Bena-)Kanioka
1.2.4.7 Luba (Baluba, Luba-Katanga, Shaba), (Ba)Holoholo, Tumbwe, Bena-Piana, Tabwa, Benabena-Mitumba, Zela, Bene-Marungu
1.2.4.8 Lega, Bangubangu
1.2.4.9 Songe (Kisonge), Bena-Matembo
1.2.5.1 Ganda, (Ba)Nyoro, Nyankole, Masaba (Gisu), Luia (=Luyia, Haya, Luhya, Bantu Kawirondo; incl. Vugusu, Maragoli)
1.2.5.10 Safwa, Nyika (Nyixa, Nyiha), Mkulwe, Ngonde, Kinga, Nyakusa, Nyamwanga
1.2.5.11 Hehe, Pangwa (Upper Rufudji area), Bena, Matumbi, Ngoni, Pogolo, (Ma)konde, Mawiha
1.2.5.12 Swahili, Midjikenda (incl Giryama), Nyika, Duruma; Ngindo, Kiluguru and other Islamic groups of the Eastern Coast of Africa
1.2.5.13 Comoros Islands
1.2.5.2 Nyamwesi, Sumbwa
1.2.5.3 Nyatutu, Kiniramba, Isanzu
1.2.5.4 Kerewe, Sukuma, Kwaya, Kumbi, Busiba, Gusii, Suba
1.2.5.5 Fipa (Bafipa), Iramba, Bende
1.2.5.6 Kamba, Tharaka
1.2.5.7 Kikuyu, Chuka, Embu, Emberre, Mwimbe
1.2.5.8 Chagga (Jagga; incl Wasu), Pare, Digo
1.2.5.9 Gogo, Kaguru, Luguru, Zigula, Taveta, Shambala (Šambala), Bondei, Taeta, Dabida; Zaramo
1.2.6.1 Duala (Douala), Basa (Basaá), Kwiri (Kweli), Isubu
1.2.6.2 Maka (Makaa), Baya, Kaka
1.2.6.3 Fang (Pangwe), Eton, Bafia, Batanga, Benga, Bube (Bubi), Buheba, Yaunde (Ewondo), Yebekolo, Koko, Bulu, Beti (Beti-Bulu), Sekiani, Eghap
1.2.6.4 Enenga, Mpongwe, Kuta (Koto), Nkomi, Masango, Mindumu, Mbede, Mitsogo, Bawunga, Ndumu (Ndumbo), Duma, Teke, (B)wende
1.2.6.5 Aka, Baka (Badjue) and other Western (Bantu speaking) Pygmies
1.3.1.1 Yambasa, Banen (Tunen)
1.3.1.2 Tiv, Bamum (Bamun), Mungaka (Mgaka, Bali), Beba, Anaguta, Bete (Mbete, Karang), Ekoi, Nyang, Vute (Wute), Jukun, Chamba, Bamileke, Kwotto, Kirri; Denya (Nyang)
1.3.1.3 Cross-River: Efik, Ibibio, Anaang (Anang), Ikom, Abua
1.3.1.4 Igbo (Ibo); Isoko, Urhobo
1.3.1.5 Yoruba; incl Ife), Nupe, Bini (Edo), Engenni, Chamba, Dakka, Kukuruku
1.3.1.6 Ijaw (incl. Kalabari)
1.3.2.1 Hausa
1.3.2.2 Biu-Mandara: Margi, Kilba, Bura, Kera, Karekare (Kerri-Kerri), Bachama, Zulgo, Giziga, Hdi, Kapsiki, Mandara (incl Mukulehe, Matakam), Mofu (Mofu-Gudur), Somrai (Sibine, Shibha)
1.3.2.3 East Chadic: Buduma, Mpade (Kotoko); Gidar
1.3.2.4 Other West Chadic: Ngas, Bolanchi, Tangale
1.3.2.5 Lele, Tobanga
1.3.2.6 Mukulu (Mokilko)
1.3.3.1 Bia: Anyi, Agni, Baule, Nsema
1.3.3.2 Akan, Ashanti, Akwapim; Ga (Accra), Kra, Twi (Chwi, Chi)
1.3.3.3 Krache (Kraci); Ga; Adele
1.3.3.4 Fon
1.3.3.5 Ewe
1.3.4.1 Kposso, "Togo-Restvölker" (Adele, Akebu, Akposso, Bowiri/Bowili, Santrokofi, Lelemi, Borada Akrade, Teteman, Baakwa, Bowiri)
1.3.4.2 Northern Gur (Oti-Volta): Mamprussi, Dagomba, Dagari (Dagara; incl Lodaga), Bassari, Mosi, Nankanse, Konkomba, Moba; Ditammari, Nyende, Bulsa (pl Builsa, Bulo)
1.3.4.3 Southern Gur (Oti-Volta): Grusi, Kabiye, Kasena, Lyela (Lyele), Wala, Dyan
1.3.4.4 Lobi
1.3.4.5 Dogon
1.3.4.6 Songhai
1.3.4.7 Senufo
1.3.5.1 Fula (=Fulbe, Fulani, Pular)
1.3.5.10 Mende, Loma, Gbunde (Gbandi, Bandi)
1.3.5.11 Mandingo (Manden, incl San, Samo), Kagoro, Bambara (Bamana), Malinke, Kassonke, Diula
1.3.5.12 Susu
1.3.5.13 Soninke
1.3.5.14 Bozo, Sorko
1.3.5.15 Bobo (Bobo-Fin)
1.3.5.16 Dan (=Gio), Guro (=Kweni, incl Gagu, Neio), Toura, Mano, Ngere, Beng, Guro
1.3.5.17 Kissi
1.3.5.18 Wolof
1.3.5.19 Serer (Serer-Sine)
1.3.5.2 Mandjak, Mankanya, Pepel, Balant, Felupe, Diola (Jola)
1.3.5.3 Tenda (incl Bedik, Basari), Biafada, Nalu, Pajadinka, Badyara (Badiaranke)
1.3.5.4 Temne (Timne)
1.3.5.5 Limba
1.3.5.6 Gola
1.3.5.7 Kru: Kru proper, Sapo (Sapã), Grebo, Kran (Krahn, Guere-Krahn; incl. Putu, Tchien), Bete, Neyo, Wobe, Devoin (Dey), Belle (Kuwaa), Bassa, Sikon
1.3.5.8 Kono (=Kone), Wai
1.3.5.9 Kpelle (incl Kono)
1.4.1.1 Nubians
1.4.1.2 Arabs of Sudan
1.4.1.3 Kordofan
1.4.2.1 Dinka, Atuot, Nuer
1.4.2.2 Shilluk, Anuak
1.4.2.3 Bari (incl Fajulu, Kuku), Kakwa
1.4.2.4 Nyiangi (Kuliak)
1.4.2.5 Bongo
1.4.2.6 Uduk
1.4.2.7 Nyimang (incl Ama)
1.4.3.1 Murle, Me'en (Bodi), Didinga
1.4.3.2 Turkana, Toposa
1.4.3.3 Acoli (Acholi), Lur (Alur, Luri), Lango
1.4.3.4 Dholuo (=Luo, Nilotic Kawirondo)
1.4.3.5 Masai
1.4.3.6 Kalenjin; including Sabaot, Nandi (Nande), Arusha, Kipsigis, Pokot (Suk), Keiyo (Elgeiyo), Marakwet, Sebeei
1.4.3.7 Iraku (Irakw)
1.4.3.9 Don Cossaks
1.4.4.1 Mangbetu (Ngbetu), Mangbutu, Moru, Madi, Lugbara, Lendu (=Bale)
1.4.4.2 Efe Pygmies, Kango (Mbuti) Pygmies
1.4.4.3 Banda, Gbaya (Baya), Manja, Ngbandi, Mbum (incl Mbaye), Fali; Mündü
1.4.4.4 Zande (Azande, incl Nzakara)
1.4.4.5 Ngbakka, Mbum (incl Mbai), Mundang, Fali, Tupuri, Maya (=Bali), Nyong
1.4.5.1 Maba (Waddaye)
1.4.5.2 Sara, incl. Ngambaye (Ngambaï), Mbaï
1.4.5.3 Zaghawa
1.4.5.4 Kanuri
1.4.5.5 Teda (Tedaga)
1.4.5.6 Fur
1.4.5.7 Bilala
1.4.6.1 Hadza
1.4.6.2 Sandawe
10.1.1.1 Northern Taiwan: Atayal (Tayal; Taruko (Toda, Taokas, Torok, Taroko), Pazeh, Sedeq (Sediq, Seedeq, Sazek), Saisiyat (Saixia); Kawalan
10.1.1.2 Central Taiwan: Bunun (Vonum), La'arua, Tsou, Kanabu, Kanakanabu
10.1.1.3 Southern Taiwan: Rukai, Paiwan, Puyuma, Saaroa, Ketangalan
10.1.1.4 Ami
10.2.1.1 Early Chinese written sources
10.2.2.1 Chinese folklore: Anhui, Jiangxi and data without precise provinience (incl Hakka, Min Dong)
10.2.2.10 Guangdong, Guanxi and Yunnan Chinese
10.2.2.11 Shandong Chinese
10.2.2.12 Hunan and Guixhou Chinese
10.2.2.2 Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang Chinese; Manchuria Chinese (data not specified on particular provinces)
10.2.2.3 Sichuan Chinese
10.2.2.4 Fikian Chinese
10.2.2.5 Jiangsu and Zhejang Chinese
10.2.2.6 Henan and Hubei Chinese
10.2.2.7 Shaanxi Chinese
10.2.2.8 Chinese of Qinghai and Gansu provinces and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
10.2.2.9 Shanxi and Hebei Chinese
10.2.3.1 Lahu, Kucong, Yi, Nosu (Nuosu, Northern Yi), Nisu, Nusu, Sani, Jino, Lolo (incl. Bai), Axi, Nasu
10.2.3.2 Lisu, Achang, Taunyo
10.2.3.3 Namuci (Namuyi), Naxi; Pumi (Primi)
10.2.3.4 Miao (Hmong) and Yao of Southern China
10.2.3.5 Meo (Hmong) of Thailand, Laos and Northern Vietnam
10.2.3.6 Li
10.2.3.7 Hani, Akha
10.2.3.8 Tujia
10.2.3.9 Dong, Maonan, Gelao
10.2.4.1 Koreans; Goguryeo
10.3.1.1 Ainu
10.3.2.1 Japanese folklore outside of Ryukyu
10.3.2.2 Northern Ryukyu Islands (with southern Kyusyu in case of absence across the rest of Japan
10.3.2.3 Southern and Central; Ryukyu Islands: Yaeyama, Miyako, Okinawa
10.3.2.4 Japan AD 700-1700
11.1.1.1 Forest (Upper Kolyma) Yukaghir (Oduls)
11.1.1.2 Tundra (Lower Kolyma) Yukaghir (Waduls)
11.1.2.1 Chukchi
11.1.3.1 Reindeer Koryak
11.1.3.2 Maritime Koryak (Alyutor)
11.1.3.3 Kerek
11.1.3.4 Kamchadal
11.1.4.1 Creols of Russkoye Ustye
11.1.4.2 Chuvans, Russian-speaking Creols of Markovo
11.2.1.1 Asiatic Eskimo (Sirenek, Naukan, Chaplino)
11.2.1.2 St. Lawrence Island Yupik
11.2.1.3 Aleuts
11.2.1.4 Central Yupik
11.2.1.5 Nunivak Island
11.2.1.6 Kodiak
11.2.1.7 Chugach
11.2.2.1 Bering Strait Inupiat (incl. King Island)
11.2.2.2 North Alaskan Inupiat
11.2.3.1 Mackenzie Delta
11.2.3.10 East Greenland (Angmassalik, Kulusuk)
11.2.3.2 Copper
11.2.3.3 Netsilik
11.2.3.4 Caribou
11.2.3.5 Iglulik
11.2.3.6 Baffin Land Inuit
11.2.3.7 Labrador Inuit (Koksoagmiut)
11.2.3.8 Polar Inuit
11.2.3.9 West Greenland
12.1.1.1 Ingalik (Der Hit’an)
12.1.1.10 Tanacross
12.1.1.2 Upper Kuskokwim (Kolchan)
12.1.1.3 Koyukon
12.1.1.4 Tanana
12.1.1.5 Denaina
12.1.1.6 Gwich'in (Kutchin, Loucheux)
12.1.1.7 Han
12.1.1.8 Athna
12.1.1.9 Upper Tanana (Nebesna)
12.1.2.1 Tutchone
12.1.2.10 Dogrib, Slavey
12.1.2.11 Yellowknife
12.1.2.2 Tagish
12.1.2.3 Inland Tlingit
12.1.2.4 Tahltan
12.1.2.5 Tsetsaut
12.1.2.6 Kaska
12.1.2.7 Beaver
12.1.2.8 Hare (incl. Sahtu, or North Slavey, and Bearlake)
12.1.2.9 Chipewyan (Dëne Sųłıné)
12.2.1.1 Eyak
12.2.1.2 Tlingit
12.2.1.3 Haida
12.2.1.4 Tsimshian
12.2.2.1 Heiltsuk (Bellabella), Oowekeeno
12.2.2.2 Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw)
12.2.2.3 Bella Coola (Nuxalk)
12.2.2.4 Nootka (Nu-chah-nulth), Makah
12.3.1.1 Carrier
12.3.1.2 Chilkotin
12.3.2.1 Shuswap
12.3.2.2 Thompson (Nlaka'pamux)
12.3.2.3 Lillooet
12.3.3.1 Okanagon, Sanpoil
12.3.3.2 Coeur D'Alene, Kalispel (Pend d'Oreille; incl Spokane)
12.3.3.3 Chelan, Wenatchi
12.3.3.4 Flathead
12.3.4.1 Comox, Pentlatch
12.3.4.2 Sechelt (incl Sisiatl), Squamish, Halcomelem
12.3.4.3 Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
12.3.4.4 Lushootseed (Puget Sound: Puyallup, Nisqualmi, Snuqualmi, Duwamish, Muckleshoot, Snohomish, Skagit)
12.3.4.5 Twana (Skokomish)
12.3.4.6 Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis, (Lower) Cowlitz
12.3.5.1 Quinault
12.3.5.2 Quileute, Chemakum (Hoh)
12.3.6.1 Western Sahaptin (Upper Cowlitz, Klikitat, Tenino, Umatilla, Yakima, Wallawalla)
12.3.6.2 Nez Perce
12.3.7.1 Lower Chinook (Chinook proper)
12.3.7.2 Tillamook
12.3.7.3 Coos
12.3.7.4 Alcea; Siuslaw
12.3.7.5 Kalapuya
12.3.7.6 Takelma
12.3.7.7 Oregon Athabaskans: Lower Umpqua, Tututni (incl Joshua), Upper Coquille, Galice, Tolowa
12.3.7.8 Klamath, Modoc
12.3.7.9 Upper Chinook: Wasco, Wishram, Clackamas, Kathlamet
12.3.8.1 Kutenai
12.4.1.1 Winnebago
12.4.2.1 Menominee
12.4.2.10 Miami, Illini
12.4.2.3 Northern Ojibwa (=Severn Ojibwa, Sandy Lake Cree, Northern Saulteaux)
12.4.2.4 Western Ojibwa (Chippewa)
12.4.2.5 Eastern Ojibwa (Missisauga, Timagami and other groups in eastern Ontario)
12.4.2.6 Ottawa
12.4.2.7 Algonquin, unspecified Algonkians of the Midwest (probably Old Algonquin)
12.4.2.8 Sauk (Sak, Mesquakie), Fox, Kickapoo
12.4.2.9 Potawatomi
12.4.3.1 Attikamek
12.4.3.2 Montagnais
12.4.3.3 Naskapi
12.4.3.4 Eastern Swamy Cree
12.4.3.5 Western Swampy Cree (incl. Rock Cree)
12.4.3.6 Eastern Cree
12.4.3.7 Western Woods Cree
12.4.4.1 Plains Cree
12.4.4.2 Plains Ojibwa
12.5.1.1 Micmac
12.5.1.2 Malecite, Passamaquoddy
12.5.1.3 Wawenock, Abenaki, Penobscot
12.5.1.4 Lenape (Delaware)
12.5.1.5 Mohegan (incl Pequot)
12.5.2.1 Huron (incl Wyandot)
12.5.2.2 Five Nations Iroquois (Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga)
12.5.2.3 Tuscarora
12.5.2.4 Laurentian Iroquois
12.6.1.1 Yurok
12.6.1.2 Wiyot
12.6.1.3 Karok
12.6.1.4 Shasta; Chimariko
12.6.1.5 Hupa, Chilula
12.6.1.6 Wailaki, Mattole, Lassik, Sinkyone, Cahto
12.6.1.7 Yuki (Yuki proper, Coastal Yuki, Huchnob)
12.6.2.1 Yana
12.6.2.2 Achomavi
12.6.2.3 Atsugewi
12.6.3.1 Pomo
12.6.3.2 Wappo
12.6.3.3 Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
12.6.3.4 Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
12.6.4.1 Sierra Miwok
12.6.4.2 Lake Miwok, Plains Miwok
12.6.4.3 Coastal Miwok
12.6.4.4 Ohlone (Costanoan)
12.6.5.1 Yokuts
12.6.5.2 Northern Foothills Yokuts (Chukchansi, Dumna, Kechayi)
12.6.5.3 Salinan
12.6.5.4 Mono (Monache)
12.6.5.5 Tubatulabal
12.6.5.6 Kawaiisu
12.6.5.7 Chumash
12.6.5.8 Kitanemuk
12.6.6.1 Serrano
12.6.6.2 Gabrielino (Tongva)
12.6.6.3 Cahuilla, Cupeño
12.6.6.4 Luiseño, Juaneño
12.7.1.1 Northern Paiute (=Paviotso)
12.7.1.10 Southern Paiute
12.7.1.11 Chemehuevi
12.7.1.2 Owens Valley Paiute
12.7.1.3 Bannock
12.7.1.4 Washo
12.7.1.5 Eastern Shoshone
12.7.1.6 Northern Shoshone
12.7.1.7 Western Shoshone, Gosiute
12.7.1.8 Panamint
12.7.1.9 Ute
12.8.1.1 Hopi
12.8.1.2 Zuni
12.8.1.3 Western Keres (Acoma, Laguna)
12.8.2.1 Eastern Keres (Cochiti, Sia, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, Santa Ana, Paguate, Seama)
12.8.2.2 Tewa (San Juan, Santa Clara, San Ildefonso, Tesuque, Nambé; Hano), Tiwa (Taos, Picuris; Sandia, Isleta), Towa (Jemez)
12.8.3.1 Navajo
12.8.3.2 Jicarilla
12.8.3.3 Chiricahua
12.8.3.4 Mescalero
12.8.3.5 Western Apache (White Mountain, San Carlos)
12.8.3.6 Lipan
12.8.4.1 Upland Yuma: Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai
12.8.4.2 Diegueño: Ipai, Tipai, Kamia (Kumeai)
12.8.4.3 Cocopa
12.8.4.4 Yuma proper (Quechan), Mohave, Maricopa
12.8.4.5 Paipai
12.8.4.6 Kiliwa
12.8.5.1 Pima
12.8.5.2 Papago
12.8.6.1 Seri
13.1.1.1 Blackfoot
13.1.1.2 Sarsee (Tsuu T'ina)
13.1.1.3 Gros Ventre
13.1.2.1 Assiniboine
13.1.3.1 Crow
13.1.3.2 Hidatsa
13.1.3.3 Mandan
13.1.3.4 Arikara
13.1.4.1 Teton (incl Oglala)
13.1.4.2 Yankton/Yanktonai
13.1.4.3 Santee
13.1.4.4 Osage
13.1.4.5 Quapaw
13.1.4.6 Omaha, Ponca
13.1.4.7 Oto
13.1.4.8 Iowa
13.1.5.1 Arapaho
13.1.5.2 Cheyenne
13.2.1.1 Pawnee
13.2.1.2 Wichita; Spiro Mound iconography
13.2.1.3 Caddo
13.2.2.1 Kiowa Apache
13.2.2.2 Kiowa
13.2.2.3 Comanche
13.2.2.4 Tonkawa
13.3.1.1 Shawnee
13.3.1.2 Yuchi
13.3.2.1 Tunica
13.3.2.2 Natchez (incl Avoyel)
13.3.2.3 Chitimacha
13.3.2.4 Biloxi
13.3.3.1 Creek, Seminole; Tuskegee; iconography of Kentucky Hopewell
13.3.3.2 Alabama, Koasati
13.3.3.3 Hitchiti
13.3.3.4 Choctaw, Chicasaw
13.3.4.1 Cherokee
13.3.4.2 Catawba, Tutelo
14.1.1.1 Warihio (Guarijío), Tarahumara
14.1.1.2 Opata
14.1.1.3 Mayo, Yaqui, Sinaloa
14.1.1.4 Huichol
14.1.1.5 Cora
14.1.1.6 Tepecano; Tepehuan
14.1.1.7 Western Mexico Nahuatl
14.1.2.1 Tarascan
14.1.2.2 Aztec; Aztec and Teotihuacan iconography
14.1.2.3 Nahuan groups of Puebla and Huasteca after AD1900
14.1.2.4 Popoloca; Tlapanec
14.1.2.5 Pame, Jonaz (Chichimeca-Jonaz), Mazahua, Otomi
14.1.2.6 Huastec (Teenek)
14.1.3.1 Tepehua, Totonac
14.1.3.2 Gulf Nahuatl
14.1.3.3 Sayula Popoluca (=Veracruz Mixe), Sierra Popoluca, Veracruz Zoque
14.1.4.1 Chinantec, Mazatec
14.1.4.2 Mixtec, Trique, Cuicatec; Amuzgo
14.1.4.3 Zapotec, Chatino
14.1.4.4 Oaxaca Mixe
14.1.4.5 Tequistlatec
14.1.4.6 Huave
14.1.4.7 Chontal
14.1.4.8 Zoque; Izapa iconography (I millennium BC)
14.1.4.9 Mestizos of Soconuzco; Cotzumapguapa iconography
14.1.5.1 Tzotzil
14.1.5.2 Tzeltal
14.1.5.3 Chol; pre-Columbian Mayan iconography
14.1.5.4 Chorti
14.1.6.1 Yucatec, Itza; pre-Columbian Mayan iconography of Yucatan
14.1.6.2 Lacandon
14.1.6.3 Kekchi; Mopan
14.1.7.1 Tzutujil
14.1.7.2 Quiche, Achí, Cakchiquel, Pocomchi, Pocomam
14.1.7.3 Tojolabal, Chuj, Jacalteca, Kanjobal, Mocho (incl Tuzantec), Acatec
14.1.7.4 Mam, Ixil, Aguatec, Avakatec
14.1.7.5 Pipil
14.1.7.6 Xinka
14.2.1.1 Lenca
14.2.1.2 Jicaque
14.2.1.3 Paya (Pech), Sumu, Misquito
14.2.1.4 Rama, Guatuso
14.2.2.1 Bribri, Cabecar, Térraba; Chiriqui (AD 800-1500) iconography
14.2.2.2 Boruca (Brunka)
14.2.2.3 Guaymi, Bocota, Dorasque; XVI century data on Western Panama
14.2.3.1 Kuna; XVI century data on Eastern Panama
14.3.1.1 Choco: Embera, Nonama (Waunana), XVI century Dabaiba, pre-Columbian iconography of Sinu
14.3.2.1 Kogi (Cagaba), Sanha, Creols of Aritama Valley
14.3.2.2 Ijka (Ika)
14.3.3.1 Guajiro
14.3.4.1 Chimila (Ette)
14.3.4.2 Yupa (Yukpa)
14.3.4.3 Bari
14.3.4.4 Tunebo
14.3.4.5 Muisca, Muzo
14.3.4.6 Paez, Guambia, Pijao; Ilama culture
14.3.4.7 Sibundoy: Kamsa, Ingano (Inga)
14.4.1.1 Cayapa (Chachi); Cuaiquer (Kwaiker)
14.4.1.2 Colorado (Tsachila)
14.4.1.3 XVI century Cañari; Kechua-speaking groups of Azuay, Cañar, Cayambe, Otovalo, Imbabura provinces
14.4.2.1 Northern Peru: Costa (Spanish speaking communities from Ecuadorian border till Ancash and Huanuco departments included; Moche pre-Columbian iconography; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.2.2 Northern Peru: Sierra (Kechua-speaking communities, Cajamarca, Ancash, Huanuco and San Martin departments; Chavin pre-Columbian iconography; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.2.3 Lima dep: Costa and adjacent Sierra (Spanish, Kechua, and Jacaru-speaking communities, mostly in Pachacamac, Cajatambo, Canta, Huarochirí; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.2.4 Pasco, Junin, Huancavelica departments: Central Peru, Sierra (Kechua-speaking communities in Spanish sources XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.2.5 Ica department, Costa (Spanish-speaking communities; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries; Topara, Paracas and Nazca pre-Columbian iconography)
14.4.3.1 Ayacucho department (Kechua-speaking communities; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.3.2 Kechua-speaking communities of Apurimac, Cuzco, Arequipa, Puno departments; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries; Callawaya (Kechua with Pukina substratum)
14.4.3.3 Aimara
14.4.3.4 Chipaya
14.4.3.5 Atacameño
15.1.1.1 Yaruro
15.1.1.2 Sicuani
15.1.1.3 Cuiva
15.1.1.4 Guayabero
15.1.2.1 Makiritare (Yecuana)
15.1.2.2 Piaroa
15.1.2.3 Yabarana
15.1.2.4 Panare (Eñape)
15.1.2.5 Hoti
15.1.2.6 Saliva
15.1.3.1 Yanomamo (Yanoama): Yanomam, Yanomami
15.1.3.2 Sanema
15.2.1.1 Taino of Haiti
15.2.1.2 Creols of Eastern and Central Cuba
15.2.2.1 Warao
15.2.3.1 Pemon: Arekuna (incl. Kamarakoto), Taulipang (Taurepan)
15.2.3.2 Akawai
15.2.3.3 Locono
15.2.3.4 Palikur
15.2.3.5 Domenica Caribs, Carifuna
15.2.3.6 Guiana Kariña, Kaliña, Galibi
15.2.3.7 Orinoco Kariña, Yaruri, Tamanak
15.2.3.8 Macuxi
15.2.3.9 Wapishana (incl Ataroi); Mapidian; Taruma
15.2.4.1 Trio
15.2.4.2 Akuriyo (incl Turaekare)
15.2.4.3 Waiwai
15.2.4.4 Hixkariyana
15.2.4.5 Kaxuyana (Warikyana, Arikena)
15.2.4.6 Wayana, Aparai
15.2.4.7 Wayapi, Emerillon
15.3.1.1 Siona, Secoya, Coreguaje
15.3.1.2 Mai Huna (Coto, Orejon)
15.3.2.1 Cofan (Cofán)
15.3.2.2 Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”)
15.3.2.3 Waorani
15.3.2.4 Kandoshi (Murato, Maina); Iquito
15.3.2.5 Zaparo
15.3.3.1 Shuar, Achuar (Shiwiar)
15.3.3.2 Aguaruna, Huambiza
15.3.4.1 Karijona
15.3.4.2 Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
15.3.4.3 Desana, Siriano; Tatuyo, Bara, Tuyuca
15.3.4.4 Wanana, Tucano proper, Pira-Tapuya, Arapaso
15.3.4.5 Letuama, Tanimuca, Ufaina, Yahuna
15.3.4.6 Cubeo
15.3.5.1 Tariana
15.3.5.2 Kabiyari, Yukuna (Yucuna)
15.3.5.3 Macu
15.3.5.4 Puinave
15.3.5.5 Baniwa (incl. Wakuenai), Bare, Piapoco, Curripaco, Siusi, Guarikena
15.3.6.1 Witoto, Ocaina
15.3.6.2 Bora
15.3.6.3 Andoque
15.3.7.1 Ticuna (Tucuna)
15.3.7.2 Yagua
15.3.7.3 Cocama, Omagua
15.3.7.4 Chayahuita
15.3.8.1 Urarina
15.4.1.1 Manao, Katawishi (Teffé lake); groups of uncertain affiliation mostly from Rio Jamunda
15.4.1.2 Mura (Pirahã)
15.4.1.3 Maue (Mawe)
15.4.3.1 Juruna
15.4.3.2 Xipaya (Shipaya)
15.4.3.3 Asurini, Parakana; Arawete
15.4.3.4 Anambé
15.4.3.5 Lower Amazon (XIX century data, mostly from Santarem area), tribal affiliation unknown
15.4.4.1 Tenetehara
15.4.4.2 Urubu (Urubu-Kaapor)
15.4.4.3 Tupinamba
15.5.1.1 Amuesha
15.5.1.2 Ashaninca (Campa)
15.5.1.3 Machiguenga
15.5.1.4 Piro (Yine)
15.5.2.1 Culina, Paumarí, Arauá, Apurina, Cuniba
15.5.2.2 Kanamari
15.5.2.3 Shipibo, Conibo, Setebo
15.5.2.4 Cashibo
15.5.2.5 Marubo
15.5.2.6 Amahuaca, Cashinahua, Sharanahua, Yaminahua, Yawanahua, Capanahua)
15.5.2.7 Matses (Mayoruna)
15.5.2.8 Harákmbet (=Mashco)
15.5.3.1 Tacana
15.5.3.2 Moseten, Chimane
15.5.3.3 Yuracare
15.5.4.1 Bolivian Guarani: Chiriguano (including assimilated Chane Arawaks), Pauserna (=Guarasu), Guarayu, Tapiete
15.5.4.2 Chacobo
15.5.4.3 Ese’ejja
15.5.4.4 Siriono
15.5.4.5 Mojo, Baure, Itonama, Kanichana, Chiquito, Manasi
15.5.5.1 Parintintin; Villa Bella (tribal affiliation unknown)
15.5.5.2 Tupari, Makurap, Sakirap, Ajuru (Wayoro)
15.5.5.3 Yabuti, Amniapä, Kumana, Wari (Aikana), Moré (Itene)
15.5.5.4 Suruí, Gaviâo, Zoro, Arua, Cinta Larga
15.6.1.1 Mundurucu, Curuaia
15.6.2.1 Kamayura
15.6.2.2 Bakairi
15.6.2.3 Kuikuro, Kalapalo
15.6.2.4 Mehinaku, Waura, Yaulapiti
15.6.2.5 Trumai
15.6.3.1 Rikbaktsa
15.6.3.2 Kayabi
15.6.3.3 Iranxe
15.6.3.4 Nambikwara
15.6.3.5 Paresi
15.6.4.1 Bororo
15.6.4.2 Umotina (Umutina)
15.7.1.1 Caraja
15.7.1.2 Tapirape
15.7.2.1 Cayapo (incl. Kubenkranken, Pau d’Arco, Shikrin or Xikrin)
15.7.2.2 Suya, Txukarramae
15.7.2.3 Canela (Eastern Timbira): Ramkokamekra, Apaniekra
15.7.2.4 Craho
15.7.2.5 Crenye, Gaviões
15.7.2.6 Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
15.7.2.7 Shavante
15.7.2.8 Sherente
15.7.2.9 Cariri
15.7.3.1 Ofaie
15.7.3.2 Guarani: different groups of Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina including Apapocuva, Kaiowá, Mbyá, Chiripá (=Ñandeva)
15.7.3.3 Ache (Guayaki)
15.7.3.4 Kaingang, Xokleng
15.7.3.5 Sheta
15.7.3.6 Botocudo
15.7.3.7 Kamakan; Kutasho
15.7.3.8 Maxacali
16.1.1.1 Caduveo, Mbaya
16.1.1.2 Terena (Tereno)
16.1.2.1 Ayoreo
16.1.2.2 Chamacoco (Ishir)
16.1.3.1 Nivakle (=Chulupi, Ashluslay, Ajlujlay)
16.1.3.3 Chorote
16.1.3.4 Mataco
16.1.4.1 Makka
16.1.4.2 Sanapana, Lengua (incl Angaite)
16.1.4.3 Toba (incl Pilaga)
16.1.4.4 Mocovi; Kechua of Santiago del Estero with probable Guaikuruan substratum; Abipon
16.1.4.5 Vilela
16.2.1.1 Mapuche
16.2.1.2 Puelche
16.2.1.3 Northern and Southern Tehuelche
16.2.2.1 Selknam
16.2.2.2 Yamana (Yaghan), Alacaluf
2.1.1.1 Malagasy
3.1.1.1 Ancient Egypt
3.1.2.1 Arabs of Egypt
3.1.2.2 Arabs of Libya
3.1.3.1 Berbers of southern Tunisia and adjacent part of Lybia (Matmata, Ghadames, Yefren)
3.1.3.2 Kabylia and other Berber of Northern and Central Algeria: Beni Snous, Beni Menacer (incl Zuav), Shaui, etc.)
3.1.3.3 Berbers of Morocco and adjacent parts of Algeria
3.1.3.4 Western Sahara and Mauritania Arabs; Berbers of Mauritania (Zénaga)
3.1.3.5 Morocco Arabs
3.1.3.6 Algeria Arabs
3.1.3.7 Tunisia Arabs
3.1.3.8 Tuareg
3.2.1.1 Kunama
3.2.1.2 Saho, Afar
3.2.1.3 Bilin (Blin, Bilen)
3.2.1.4 Somali
3.2.1.5 Sanye (Aweer)
3.2.1.6 Bedja
3.2.2.1 Amhara; Zay, Harari; Silte, Gogot
3.2.2.2 Geez, Tigrai, Tigre
3.2.2.3 Tsamai (Tsamako)
3.2.2.4 Oromo (Galla), Konso, Sidamo, Darasa, Bussa (Bassa), Kambata, Guji
3.2.2.5 Omotic: Ari (incl Baka, Male, Schangama, Ubamer), Kafa, Dime, Banna, Basketo, Nao
3.3.1.1 Spain
3.3.1.2 Portuguese
3.3.1.3 Catalan
3.3.1.4 Aragon
3.3.1.5 Basques
3.3.1.6 Galicians
3.3.2.1 Italians: Northern (Mentona, Ticino, Valle-d’Aosta, Piemont, Liguria, Lombardia, Southern Tirol, Emilia–Romagna, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Trentino–Alto Adige)
3.3.2.2 Sicily
3.3.2.3 Sardinia, Corsica
3.3.2.4 Romansh (Rhaeto-Romance)
3.3.2.5 Maltese
3.3.2.6 Italians: Central (Toscana, Umbria, Marche, San-Marino, Lazio)
3.3.2.7 Italians: Southern (Abruzzo, Campania, Molise, Basilicata, Apulia, Calabria)
3.3.3.1 Bretagne
3.3.3.2 French (northern France)
3.3.3.3 Wallons, Picardie
3.3.3.4 Upper Brittany
3.3.3.5 Occitanie (southern France): Limousin, Auvergne, Provence, Aquitaine, Albret, Gers, Aveyron (Rouerge), Armagnac, Landes, Gascogne, Vivarés, Roussillon, Pyrénées, Bearne, Guyenne, Bigorre, Ain, Hautes Alpes, Ariège, Vienne, Aude, French part of Swiss
3.3.4.1 Ireland
3.3.4.2 Wales
3.3.4.3 Scotland
3.3.4.4 England
3.3.5.1 Dutch, Flemish
3.3.5.2 Frisians
3.3.5.3 Germans: Northwest (Low- and Central German dialects): Schleswig-Holstein, Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony, incl. East Frisia and Oldenburg), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Thüringen, Saxony-Anhalt, Sachsen
3.3.5.4 Germans: Southeast: Bawaria (incl. Ober Pfaltz), Franken, Bohemia (Sudeten), Austria
3.3.5.5 Germans: Northeast (Brandenburg, Meklenburg, Rügen, Pommern, Silesia, Posen)
3.3.5.6 Germans – Southwest: Alsace (Elsass), Baden-Württemberg, Swabia, Switzerland
3.3.5.7 Eastern Prussia
3.4.1.1 Ancient Greece
3.4.1.2 Ancient Italy: Latins, Etruscans, Magna Graecia
3.5.1.1 Greeks (modern)
3.5.1.2 Bulgarians
3.5.1.3 Macedonians
3.5.1.5 Byzantine literature
3.5.2.1 Albanians
3.5.2.2 Serbs, Monte Negro,
3.5.2.3 Bosnia Muslims
3.5.2.4 Croatians; Italians of Dalmatia (if the motif is absent among other Italians)
3.5.2.5 Slovenians
3.5.3.1 Hungarians
3.5.3.2 Romanians, Moldavians, Aromanians
3.5.3.3 Transylvanian Saksons
3.5.4.1 Gagauz
3.5.5.1 Greeks of Cyprus
4.1.1.1 Poles
4.1.1.2 Kashubians, Poles of Polish Pomorie
4.1.1.3 Sorbians (Luzhitsa Serbs)
4.1.1.4 Czech
4.1.1.5 Slovakians
4.1.2.1 Ukrainians: Western dialects to the East of Carpathians
4.1.2.2 Ukrainians: Eastern dialects
4.1.2.3 Ukrainians: Northern dialects
4.1.2.4 Rusyns, Hutsuls
4.1.2.5 Byelarusians
4.1.3.1 Russians: Central part of Russian ethnic territory as in A.D. 1500: Tver, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Kostroma, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, eastern part of Smolensk provinces (most of Smolensk province is Belorussian ethnic territory)
4.1.3.2 Russian Pomors (“seasiders): Arkhangelsk province without its southern part (Shengur district and Konosha dstrict), Karelia White Sea coast
4.1.3.3 Russians: Vologda province (incl. Belozersk, Kirillov and Cherepovets districts of form. Novgorod Province)
4.1.3.4 Russians: Novgorod and Pskov provinces
4.1.3.5 Russian Pomors ('seasiders'): Terski Coast (Murmansk province)
4.1.3.6 Russians: Southern part of ethnic territory as in A.D. 1500 (Belgorod, Voronezh, Tambov, Penza, Lipetsk, Orel, Kursk, Bryansk provinces; in case of absence in other areas also Russians in Samara, Simbirsk and Saratov provinces)
4.1.3.7 Russian Pomors ("seasiders"): Lower Pechora
4.1.3.8 Russians: Olonets province/SE Karelia, southern part of Arkhangelsk province (Shenkur, Kargopol, Konosha districts)
4.1.4.1 Early Russian written sources
4.2.1.1 Scandinavians: early written sources ("Edda"; Saxo Grammaticus etc.); Gothland picture stones; Ancient Germans (Late Bronze Age in Scandinavia)
4.2.1.2 Norwegians
4.2.1.3 Danes
4.2.1.4 Swedes
4.2.1.5 Icelanders
4.2.1.6 Faroe Islands
4.2.2.1 Western Sami
4.2.2.2 Eastern Sami (including Inari, Skolts)
4.2.2.4 Ingrians
4.2.3.1 Finns
4.2.3.2 Karelians
4.2.3.3 Vepsians
4.2.4.1 Votians
4.2.4.2 Estonians
4.2.4.3 Setu
4.2.4.4 Livonians
4.2.4.5 Lutsi (Ludza)
4.2.5.1 Latvians
4.2.5.2 Lithuanians
4.2.5.3 Prussians
4.3.1.1 Komi (Zyrians and Permyaks)
4.3.1.2 Udmurt
4.3.2.1 Mari (Cheremis)
4.3.2.2 Mordvins
4.3.2.3 Chuvash
4.3.3.1 Kazan (Middle Volga) Tatars
4.3.3.2 Bashkirs
4.3.3.3 Astrakhan Tatars, Karagash Nogai
5.1.1.1 Kalmyk
5.1.2.1 Crimea Tatars, Karaims
5.1.2.2 Urums, Rumei
5.1.3.1 Abkhaz
5.1.3.2 Abaza (Abazins)
5.1.3.3 Cherkassians, Adyghe, Kabardin
5.1.4.1 Karachays, Balkar
5.1.4.2 Ossetians
5.1.5.1 Stavropol Turkmen (recent migrants from Mangyshlak Peninsular)
5.1.5.2 Nogai
5.1.5.3 Kumyk, Terekemen
5.1.6.1 Ingush
5.1.6.2 Chechens
5.1.7.1 Avar, Andi, Akhvakh
5.1.7.2 Dido (Tsez), Hunsib, Khvarshi
5.1.7.3 Dargin (Dargwa), incl. Müregin, Khürkilin, Kubachi
5.1.7.4 Laks
5.1.7.5 Lezgians, Archin, Kürin; Khinalug
5.1.7.6 Rutul, Tsakhur
5.1.7.7 Tabasaran, Aghul
5.1.7.8 Udin
5.1.7.9 Tats
5.1.8.1 Terek Cossacks
5.1.9.1 Scythians
5.2.1.1 Georgians
5.2.1.2 Mingrelians (Megrelians), Laz
5.2.1.3 Svans
5.2.2.1 Armenians
5.2.2.2 Azeris (Azerbaijanis)
5.2.2.3 Anatolia Turks
5.2.2.4 Talysh
5.2.2.5 Kurds
5.2.2.6 Zaza (western Kurds)
5.2.3.1 Hittite, Hurrit
5.3.1.1 Old and New Testament
5.3.1.2 Ugarit
5.3.1.3 Sumer
5.3.1.4 Akkad, Assyria, Babylonia
5.3.1.5 Elam
5.3.1.6 Phoenicia
5.3.2.1 Aramaic (Syrians)
5.3.2.2 Arabs of Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan); Bedouins of Sinai
5.3.2.3 Arabs of Iraq
5.3.2.4 Saudi Arabia
5.3.2.5 Arabs (literary tradition; incl. One Thousand and One Nights)
5.3.2.6 Arabs of Kuwait, Bahrein, Qatar, Emirates, Oman,
5.3.2.7 Nawar (Zutt)
5.3.3.1 Yemen
5.3.3.2 Mehri; Harsusi, Jibbali (Shahri, Shauri), Hobyot
5.3.3.3 Soqotri
5.4.1.1 Iranian literary tradition (including Avesta, Pahlevi scripts, Šah-nāmeh, Marzbān-nāmeh); Zoroastrians of Iran, Indian Parsees
5.4.1.2 Khorezmian Turkic literary tradition
5.4.2.1 Persians
5.4.2.10 Turkmen
5.4.2.11 Luri, Bakhtiari
5.4.2.12 Parachi, Ormur
5.4.2.13 Parya of Gissar (Hisor) Valley (Tajikistan)
5.4.2.14 Farsiwans
5.4.2.2 Ormuzd strait Arabs; mostly Arabian-speaking Bušehr and Sāheli areas at the northern coast of Persian and Oman gulfs in Iran (in Marzolph 1984 Arabian or Persian attribution of particular texts is impossible to ascertain)
5.4.2.3 Tajik
5.4.2.4 Highland Tajik
5.4.2.5 Baluch
5.4.2.6 Pashto
5.4.2.7 Bukhara Arabs
5.4.2.8 Uzbek
5.4.2.9 Khwarezm Uzbek; Turkic written tradition from Kök Orda
5.4.3.1 Yagnobi
5.4.3.2 Rushani, Shughni, Khufi, Bartangi
5.4.3.3 Yazgulami
5.4.3.4 Sarikoli
5.4.3.5 Wakhi, Ishkashimi (including Sanglich), Munji
5.4.4.1 Kafir, or Nuristani: Prasun; Kati (incl. Paruni), Ashkun (Ashunu), Waigali
5.4.4.2 Dards (Kalash, Kho, Kohistani, Shina, Pashai)
5.4.4.3 Burusho (Hunza)
5.4.4.4 Brahui
5.5.1.1 Kazakh
5.5.1.2 Kara Kalpak
5.5.1.3 Kirghiz
5.5.2.1 Uyghur
5.5.2.2 Yugur (Sarïg Yogïr, Yellow Uyghur)
5.5.2.3 Dungan of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan
5.5.2.4 Pre-Uyghur people of Xinjiang (Khotan Saka, Tocharians)
5.5.2.5 Salars
5.5.2.6 Hui of Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Qinghai (rare Hui texts from Southern and Eastern China are clustered with the Chinese ones)
5.6.1.1 Indian literary tradition (Vedic, Brahman, Purana, Indian Buddhism, Hinduism, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Panchtantra, Jatakas); iconography of Hindu temples
5.6.2.1 Hindi-speaking peoples and casts (incl. Teli, Parahiya; incl. Chhattisgarhi) of Northern and West-Central India
5.6.2.10 Sindhi
5.6.2.11 Gujarati
5.6.2.12 Marathi (incl. Bhamta; incl. Mumbai area)
5.6.2.13 Rajasthani (Radjasthan and Madhya Pradesh)
5.6.2.14 Bengali, Maithili
5.6.2.15 Assamese
5.6.2.16 Konkani (including local component in Goa folklore)
5.6.2.17 Sinhalese; Vedda
5.6.2.18 Oriya (incl. Dom/Domba/Dombo, Ghasi, Bhat and other Oriya-speaking castes of Odisha)
5.6.2.19 Kumaoni (Central Pahari), incl. Garhwali
5.6.2.2 Himachali-Pahari (Western Pahari)
5.6.2.20 Maldives
5.6.2.21 Rohingya
5.6.2.22 Dogri
5.6.2.23 Kunkna
5.6.2.3 Dhanwar
5.6.2.4 Balahi; Lambadi (Banjara)
5.6.2.5 Bhils (incl Barela-Bhilala), Pardhi, Kokna, Parwa
5.6.2.6 Warli
5.6.2.7 Nepali; Tharu
5.6.2.8 Kashmiri
5.6.2.9 Punjabi, Seraiki (Multani)
5.6.3.1 Telugu (incl. Yanadi, Chenchu)
5.6.3.2 Malayali; Kannikaran
5.6.3.3 Kannada, Lingayat, Halakki
5.6.3.4 Tamil, Muthuvan, Marvar
5.6.3.5 Nilgiri Hills: Toda, Kota, Kurumba (Kuruba), Badaga, Maravar, Pulaya, Adiya, Kadar, Irula
5.6.3.6 Tulu
6.1.1.1 Santali, Turi, Mahli
6.1.1.10 Tribal groups and castes that speak Aryan languages: Dhoba (Dhobi), Halba (Halbi, Pentia), Bhunjia, Lohar (Luhar, Luhara), Kahar, Kamar (Paharia)
6.1.1.11 Gutob (Gadaba)
6.1.1.2 Korku
6.1.1.3 Northern Munda of Kharwar branch: Birhor, Ho, Mundari, Kol, Asur (including Agaria, Kol, Birjhia), Bhumij
6.1.1.4 Bhuiya (now Aryans, originally Munda; Rahman 1955: 203), Baiga, Bhaina, Bhumia (subgroup of Baiga, incl Bharia, formerly Munda, now speak Indo-Aryan languages of neighboring groups)
6.1.1.5 Kharia
6.1.1.6 Juang
6.1.1.7 Bondo, Didayi (Gata')
6.1.1.8 Sora (Savara, Saora), Parenga
6.1.1.9 Chero
6.1.2.1 Oraon (Kurukh)
6.1.2.2 Kond (Khond, Kondh; language is Kui, incl Kuttia, Konda-Dora), Koya; Pengo
6.1.2.3 Gondi (mostly Northern Gondi)
6.1.2.4 Kolam
6.1.2.5 Maria, Muria, and other South-Central Dravidians: Binjhwar, Baсор, Bhattra, Bom, Jhoria (=Jhodia), Gadaba (in Koraput, neighbors of Munda-speaking Gadaba), Duruwa (Parji), Mehtar; Pardhan
6.2.1.1 Central Tibetans (Yu Tsang, incl. Sikkim Tibetans, Tichurong of NW Nepal)
6.2.1.2 NE Tibetans (Amdo)
6.2.1.3 Eastern Tibetans (Kham; Sichuan, NW Yunnan)
6.2.1.4 Lavrung, Jiarong; Qiang (incl rGyalrong)
6.2.1.5 Western Tibetans (Ladakh, Spiti)
6.2.1.6 Gurung; Kaike
6.2.2.1 Lepcha
6.2.2.2 Kirati (Kiranti): Rai (incl Thulung), Limbu, Newar
6.2.2.3 Mustang
6.2.2.4 Khasi
6.2.2.5 Almora (Rangkas); Ancient Greek sources on India
6.2.2.6 Dhimal
6.2.2.7 Toto, Rabha (northern Western Bengalia)
6.2.2.8 Bhutan
6.2.3.1 Eastern Arunachal Pradesh: Abor (incl Minyong, Shimong, Padam, Pasi, Panggi), Apa Tani (Apatani), Bori, Bugun, Dafla (=Nyishi, Nisi, Nishing, incl Tagin), Gallong (=Galo, Adi), Mishmi
6.2.3.2 SW Arunachal Pradesh: Sherdukpen, Tawang (Monpas), Aka (Hrusso), Miji
6.2.3.3 Chin-Naga: Ao, Mao, Sema, Zeme, Liangmai, Kolren, Kom, Lhota, Rengma, Angami, Kabui, Tangkhul, Koirenf
6.2.3.4 Northern Naga: Konyak (incl. Tangsa), Lungshang, Wancho, Nokte, Moclum, Lunshan, Chang, Maring, Naga of Myanmar
6.2.3.5 Garo (Atchik), Kachari (Bodo, incl. Lalung), Dimasa, Tripuri, Riang (of Tripura), Khami, Riga, Mori
6.2.3.6 Kuki, Chiru, Falam (Hallam), Chin (Meitei =Manipuri, Khami, =Kumi), Lakher, Mizo (Lushei), Anal, Pawi (Lai), Purum, Koireng, Milhiem, Kolhen, Mru
6.2.3.7 Mikir (Karbi)
6.2.4.1 Kachin (Jingpho), Chak, Maru
6.2.4.2 Rawang, Dulong; Anong, Drung
6.3.1.1 Burmese, Intha
6.3.1.2 Karen, Pa-O, Padaung, Kayah
6.3.1.3 Shan
6.3.1.4 Thai of Thailand
6.3.1.5 Lao
6.3.1.6 Thai of Vietnam, Tai Lue, Khao (Kho, Tai Don, White Tai), Tai Dam (Black Tai), Nung; Buyi; Shui
6.3.1.7 Arakan, Chakma, Khyang
6.3.1.8 Zhuang, Dong
6.3.1.9 Khamti, Ahom
6.3.2.1 Khmer
6.3.2.10 Viet, Muong
6.3.2.2 Bahnar, Bana, Sedang, Por
6.3.2.3 Stieng, Chrau, Sre (Koho), Maa, Mnong
6.3.2.4 Katu (Ködu); Bru (incl. Van Kieu, Khua)
6.3.2.5 Mon
6.3.2.6 Khmu (Kammu), Puoc
6.3.2.7 Palaung (De Ang, Deang)
6.3.2.8 Wa (incl Kawa), Bulang
6.3.2.9 Tjam, Ede, Jörai (Jarai)
6.4.1.1 Andamanese
6.4.1.2 Nicobarese
6.4.1.3 Semang, Senoi
6.4.2.1 Malay; Temuan (incl Mantra or Mentra), Jakun (Moken)
6.4.3.1 Aceh (Acheh)
6.4.3.2 Batak (Toba, Dairi)
6.4.3.3 Minangkabau; Kerinci
6.4.3.4 Lampung (Lampong); South Sumatra Malays (incl. Bengkulu)
6.4.3.5 Kubu
6.4.3.6 Simeulue, Nias
6.4.3.7 Mentawai
6.4.3.8 Rejang
6.4.4.1 Ot Danum, Ngaju, Maanyan (Ma'anyan)
6.4.4.2 Kayan, Bahau, Kenja, Aoheng, Punan (Bukat, Basap, Oloh Ot, etc); "Klemantan"
6.4.4.3 Dusun, Murut, Kelabit, Tombonuwo, Bajau, Tidong
6.4.4.4 Bidayuh (incl. Maloh), Iban (Sea Dayak), Sakarram; Brunei
6.4.4.5 Palawan (incl Agutaynen)
6.4.5.1 Yavanese, Kalang, Madura
6.4.5.2 Sundanese
6.4.5.3 Bali, Lombok
6.4.6.1 Minahasa (incl. Tondano, Tentemboan), Bantik
6.4.6.2 Toraja (Toradja), To Mori, Barée (=Eastern Toraja)
6.4.6.3 To Loinang, To Wana, Balantak (Mian Balantak), Banggai Islands
6.4.6.4 Bugi, Macassar
6.4.6.5 Gorontalo
6.4.7.1 Northern Luzon: Apayao, Bontoc, Nabaloi (Ibaloi), Ifugao, Igorot (highland people, not specified), Ilocan, Ilongot, Isneg, Kalinga, Kankanay, Tingian (Tinggian, Bilongan Itneg); Ibanag, Kasiguran Agta, Keley-i Kallahan
6.4.7.2 Southern Luzon: Pampango, Pangacian, Sambal, Tagal, Tayabas; Calamian
6.4.7.3 Negrito (incl. Mamanwa)
6.4.7.4 Central islands and Bikol: Vizaya, Mansaká, Bikol, Mangyan, Panayan, Sulod, Cebuano (Cebu), Capiz, Romblomanon, Manuyu
6.4.7.5 Mindanao: Blaan (Bilaan), Bagobo, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Hiligáynon, Binukid, Magindaan (=Magindanao: main Muslim population), Mandaya, Mansaka, Manobo (Agusan, Ata, Dibabawon, Sarangani, Ilianen), Maranao, Subanon (=Subanun), Subanen, Tboli
6.4.7.6 Sulu: Mapun, Samal, Sama, Taosug (Tausug), Badjaw
6.4.7.7 Yami
6.4.8.1 Sumbawa (incl Dongo)
6.4.8.10 Northern Halmahera Papuans: Galela, Loda, Pagu, Modole, Tabaru (Tobaru), Tobelo, Tidore, Ternate
6.4.8.11 Ceram: Alune and Wemale (West Ceram), Patasiwa (Ceram), Honitetu (West Ceram Highlands); Nusawele, Hatuolu, Huaolu, Patasiwa; Ambon; Buru
6.4.8.12 Kei Islands, Tanimbar Islands, Aru Islands, Watubele Islands, Babar Island
6.4.8.13 Numfoor, Warope, Wamesa (Wandamen, Windesi)
6.4.8.14 Buli
6.4.8.2 Sumba, Savu Islands
6.4.8.3 Flores, incl Mangarai (Western Flores), Nage, Keo, Riung, Ngada or Nad'a (Central Flores), Sika (Eastern Flores)
6.4.8.4 Timor: Amarasi, Tetum, Meto, Atoni (incl Mollo), Kédang (Lomblen island), Leti Islands (Leti, Moa, Lakor)
6.4.8.5 Roti
6.4.8.6 Bunak
6.4.8.7 Fataluku
6.4.8.8 Alor, Solor, Wetar, Atauru
6.4.8.9 Sangir Islands
7.1.1.1 Trans-New Guinea and unclassified Papuan groups of Irian Jaya: Mejprat, Arandai-Bintuni, Inanwatan-Berau, Papua of Gelvink (Cenderawasih) Bay, Kamoró, Marind Anim, Sawi, Mafore; Korowai; Kwerba; Momina, Eipo, Yale, Awyu, Muyu
7.1.2.1 Papua–NewGuinea Highland Papuans:Trans New Guinea & unclassified:Chimbu,Gimi,KaugelHuli,Gadsup,Kuman,Kutubu,Foi (Foe),Kyaka,Kamano (Kafe),Mawatta,Kukukuku (=Anga,=Sambia;Manki,Nauti,Ejuti),Baruya,Kewa,Tembregak,Menya,Melpa,Wiru,Pondoma
7.1.2.2 Papua–New Guinea Northern Lowland Papuan groups (Trans New Guinea and unclassified): Komba, Gimi, Susure, Orokaiva, Bogadjim, Ngain, Sentani, Bargam, Imonda, Nankina, Yupta Valley, Urawa Valley, Warupu (Barupu), Pondoma (Anam)
7.1.2.3 Papua–New Guinea Southern Lowland Papuan groups (Trans New Guinea and unclassified): Gimi, Kiwai, Bina, Mawabula, Mawatta, Keraki, Gambadi (incl. Kwavaru), Purari River delta, Masingara, Wiram (=Suki), Ngain, Daga, Elema
7.1.3.1 Torricelli family: Valman, Samap, Arapesh (Upper, Coastal), Monumbo, Lilau, Ngaimbom; Moando (Banara); Menya, Olo
7.1.3.2 Sepik-Ramu stock: Abelam, Yatmul, Aibom, Ayom (incl Tembregak, Asai-river pygmies), Tangu, Porapora (Ambakich), Rao and other groups of Middle Ramu and Upper Keram River tribes; Kwanga, Watam, Kaian, Gamei, Awar; Kire (Lower Ramu)
7.1.4.1 Saibai, Dauan, Boigu, Badu, Waraber, Wet, Warei, Dauar, Badu, Moa
7.1.5.1 Melanesians of the northern coast New Guinea, nearest off-shore islands and Huon Gulf (Morobe district): Watut, Bilbil (Bilibili), Jabim (incl Kai), Tami, Bukawac, Wogeo, Tumleo, Yakamul, Manam, Sissano, Sio
7.1.5.2 Melanesians of southeastern New Guinea: Mekeo, Motu, Sinagoro, Koita (Koitapu), Mukawa (Are), Wagawaga, Taupota, Awaiama, Gelaria, Goodenough Bay, Bartle Bay, Wedau (Wamira village)
7.1.5.3 Melanesians of the islands of Massim District ( =Milke Bay Province) to the east of New Guinea: Dobu, Rossel, Fergusson, Goodenough, Murua (Woodlark), Trobrian Islands, d'Entrecasteau Islands
7.1.5.4 Melanesians and Papuans of Bismark Archipelago: New Britain (Tolai, Lakalai, Kuni, Sulka, Baining, Gazelle peninsula), New Ireland (Patpatar =Pala), St Matthias Group, Mioko (Melanesians between New Britain and New Ireland)
7.1.5.5 Melanesians of Admiralty Islands (incl Manus); Seimat (Western Islands)
7.1.5.6 Melanesians and Papuans of Northern Solomons: Buka, Bougainville (Siuai, Buin)
7.1.6.1 Melanesians and Papuans of Central Solomons: Vella la Vella (Bilua language), Shortland islands (Mono language), San Cristobal, Saint Georgia, Eddystone, Vangunu
7.1.6.2 Southern Solomons: southern part of Santa Ysabel (Bughotu), Guadalcanal, San Cristobal, Malaita (Kwaio people), Ulawa
7.1.6.3 Santa Cruz Islands (incl. Reef Islands)
7.1.6.4 Northern Vanuatu: Banks Islands (incl Mota, Mota Lava, Gaua, Santa Maria), Torres Islands
7.1.6.5 Central Vanuatu: Espiritu Santo, Araki, Aore, Maewo, Malekula, Vao, Efate (Vate), Shepherd Islands, Nguna, Mae, Ambrim, Pentecost, Oba (=Aoba, East Ambae, Lepers'), Omba
7.1.6.6 Southern Vanuatu: Tanna, Aneiteum (Polynesian component not included), Eromanga
7.1.6.7 Kanaka (New Caledonia)
7.1.6.8 Loyalty Islands (Uvea, Lifu, Mare)
7.1.7.1 Fiji
7.2.1.1 Kapingamarangi, Nukuoro
7.2.1.10 Tokelau
7.2.1.2 Ontong Java, Nukumanu, Takuu, Nukuria
7.2.1.3 Tuvalu (Ellice)
7.2.1.4 Samoa
7.2.1.5 Tonga
7.2.1.6 Rotuma
7.2.1.7 Niue
7.2.1.8 Wallis (=Uvea, different from Melanesian Uvea), Futuna
7.2.1.9 Tikopia, Bellona, Rennell, partly Aneytium, Futuna (=Erronan, not to be mixed with Futuna in Western Polynesia), Vaeaka-Taumato, incl Matema, Nifeloli, Nukapu, Nupani, Pileni
7.2.2.1 Maori, Moriori (Chatam Islands)
7.2.3.1 Society Islands: Tahiti, Borabora, Raiatea
7.2.3.2 Northern Cook Islands: Rakahanga, Manihiki, Tongareva
7.2.3.3 Southern Cook Islands: Mangaia, Rarotonga, Atiu, Iatutakim Pukapuka, Tubuai (=Austral Islands, incl Rapa)
7.2.3.4 Tuamotu, incl Pukapuka (different from Pukapuka in Cook Islands), Vahitahi, Anaa, Hao, Fangatau
7.2.3.5 Mangareva
7.2.3.6 Marquesas
7.2.3.7 Hawaii
7.2.3.8 Easter Island
7.2.4.1 Chamorro (Guam and other Marianas)
7.2.4.2 Palau (Western Carolines)
7.2.4.3 Yap
7.2.5.1 Merir, Pulo Anna
7.2.5.2 Ulithi, Ngulu
7.2.5.3 Ifaluk, Woleai, Lamutrek, Faraulip Satawal, Elato, Western Fayu
7.2.5.4 Truk, Eastern Fayu, Losap, Pulap, Puluwat, Mortlock (incl. Satawan)
7.2.5.5 Ponape, Ngaik, Mwoakil (Mokil), Kusaie (Kosrae)
7.2.5.6 Marshall Islands, incl Ailinglapalap, Arno, Jaluit, Kili, Lae, Maloelap, Majuro, Ratak, Wotho, Ujae, Jaluit (=Jalooj), Namdrik
7.2.5.7 Gilbert Islands (Kiribati), Nauru, Banaba (Ocean island)
8.1.1.1 Tasmania
8.1.2.1 SE Australia: Kamilaroi, Yualarai (Ualarai, Euahlayi), Milpulo (Mailpurgu), Wuradjeri (Wiradjurim, Wiradjeri, Wurundjeri, Yarra, Yarra Yarra), Wongaibon (Wonghibon), Noongahburrah (Narran, Narran River), Kurnai, and many others (see file 0.doc)
8.1.3.1 Arnhem Land: Enindhilyagwa (Groote Eilandt), KuTiwi, Yulengor, Mara, Oenpelli, Murngin, Roper River, Maung, Murinbata, Murngin (Duwal), Millingimbi, Goulburn Island, Ngulugwongga, Yirrkalla, Voctoria River Downs, Alawa, Anu, Kunwinjku
8.1.3.2 Kimberley Plateau: Gwini, Roebuck Bay, Forest River tribes, Drysdale River tribes, Njulnjul, Ungarinyin, Unambal, Bad (Baada)
8.1.4.1 Queensland: Mungkan (Wikmunkan), Wiknatara, Bloomfield River, Cape Bedford, Cape Grafton, Kokowara (Koko-Warra), Koko-yalunyu (Kokokulunggur), Bunya Bunya, Waka-Waka (Wakawaka), Kabikabi, Chepara
8.1.5.1 Central Australia: Kaitish, Warramunga, Arunta (Aranda), Loritja (Kukatja), Pijandjara (Pitjantjara), Adnjamatana (Andjamathana, Wailpi), Aluridja, Walpiri (Walbiri), Aluridja, Matuntara (Maduntara), Nambutji, Wamma (=Wommana?)
8.1.5.2 Southern Australia: Dieri, Urabunna (Arabana), Flinderce Mountains, Kujani, Andyamatana (Andjamatana, Wailpi)
8.1.5.3 Western Australia: Walmanjeri, Njolnjol (Njulnjul, Nyul-Nyul), Worora, Kariara (Karierra), Karadjari (Karadjeri, Garadjari), Djaberdjaber (Djaberadjabera), Ngarluma, Wiilman (Wheelman), Bibbulmum (Pebelman), Burong (Panaka)
9.1.1.1 Southern Altai: Altai proper (Altai-Kiji), Telengit
9.1.1.2 Southern Altai: Teleut
9.1.1.3 Northern Altai: Chelkan, Kumanda, Tubalar
9.1.1.4 Siberian Tatars
9.1.2.1 Shor
9.1.2.2 Khakas
9.1.2.3 Chulym Turks
9.1.3.1 Tuvinians of Tuva
9.1.3.2 Tuvinians of Southern Altai
9.1.3.3 Tofa (Karagas)
9.1.4.1 Buryats: Western (cis Baikal)
9.1.4.2 Buryats: Eastern (trans Baikal), i.e. Khori
9.1.4.3 Khamnigans
9.1.5.1 Darkhad
9.1.5.2 Oirats (incl Torgouts, Derbets, Oilots)
9.1.5.3 Mongols (Khalkha)
9.1.5.4 Daur (Daghur)
9.1.5.5 Dongxiang, Baoan
9.1.5.6 Monguor (Tu), Shirongol
9.1.5.7 Mongols of Inner Mongolia
9.10.1.1 Nanai
9.10.1.2 Olcha (Ulch)
9.10.1.3 Udeghe
9.10.1.4 Oroch
9.10.1.5 Uilta (Orok)
9.10.1.6 Negidal
9.10.2.1 Nivkh
9.10.3.1 Manchu
9.2.1.1 Mansi
9.2.1.2 Eastern Khanty (Ostyaks)
9.2.1.3 Northern Khanty (Ostyaks)
9.2.1.4 Southern Khanty (Ostyaks)
9.2.2.1 Kets
9.2.2.2 Yughs
9.2.2.3 Southern Selkups
9.2.2.4 Northern Selkups
9.2.3.1 Tundra Nenets
9.2.3.2 Forest Nenets
9.2.3.3 Enets
9.2.3.4 Nganasans
9.3.1.1 Central Yakuts (Sakha)
9.3.1.2 Dolgans
9.3.1.3 Western Yakuts (Sakha): Olekma and Vilyuy Basins
9.3.1.4 Northwestern Yakuts (Sakha): Yessey, Anabar, Olenyok and Lower Lena Basins
9.3.1.5 Northeastern Yakuts (Sakha): Yana, Indigirka and Kolyma Basins
9.3.2.1 Western Tungus/Evenki: Podkamennaya Tunguska, Katanga, Nepa, Kamenka, Upper Lena
9.3.2.2 Sym Tungus/Evenki
9.3.2.3 Baikal RegionTungus/Evenki
9.3.2.4 Ilimpii Tungus/Evenki
9.3.2.5 Yerbogachen Tungus/Evenki
9.3.2.6 Tungus/Evenki of Nercha - Chita area
9.3.3.1 Tungus.Evenki) of Russian Far East
9.3.3.2 Tungus (Evenki) of China (Solon, Birar, Oroqen, Manegir)
9.3.4.1 Evens (Lamuts)
9.3.4.2 Evens (Lamuts) of Kamchatka