Thompson (Nlaka'pamux)



Tradition title rus: 
Томпсон
Areal ID: 
12.3.2.2
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
217.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
110.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a27Crowns of the Sun and MoonLight and/or heat of the Sun and/or Moon originate from their crowns, necklaces or clothes (of feathers, of animal teeth)
a32Figure on lunar discA figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)
a32aThe Moon rabbitRabbit or hare are seen in the moon
a32bThe Moon toadFrog or toad are seen in the moon or the Moon is associated with them
a32b1Jumps on the face of the MoonA woman sits (jumps) on the face (back) of the Moon man and now is seen as the shadows on the lunar disc
a32c1Predator animal in the MoonA predator animal (fox, wolf, dog, coyote, jaguar, lion) or its imprint is seen in the Moon
a32dMan in the MoonHuman being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon
a32ePerson with an object in handsPerson who holds some object in his or her hands is seen in the moon (rare: in the sun)
a32fWater-carrier in the MoonPerson who went to fetch water and/or holds in hands a container for liquid is seen in the moon
a34The fox and the MoonJackal, coyote, or fox are connected with the Moon (usually with the origin of spots on the lunar disc)
a38cThe Sun’s cloakA boy or a girl has a cloak. The Sun spoils it or gives instead a better one
a4Female sunThe Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female
a5The Sun and the Moon are malesThe Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual
b12Rivers and snakesThe river bed follows the way of a snake, fish, dragon or crab; pieces of the snake’s body turn into rivers; a river is a snake
b14To regulate the river current, person creates rapids and fallsPerson creates river rapids
b1gThe transformers: four brothers Four travelling brothers transform the world, annihilating monsters, changig the habits and appearance of different creatures and acquiring valuables (water, fire, cultivated plants and the like). Usually one of them is the main actor, and they often have one name for all the four
b26Man joins wild animalsPerson who follows the wild animals turns into one of them or into their master
b28Travelling transformerThe transformer walks along coming across different persons and creatures, transforming them into birds, animals, stones, shrines, etc. (or transforming monstrous animals into present day ones) and introducing cultural norms, landscape features, etc.
b2aThe female earthThe earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman
b3aPrimeval watersWater is the original element, the dry earth appears later
b3bEarth grows bigOriginal earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance
b42Cosmic huntCertain stars or constellations are interpreted as hunters, their dogs and game that the hunters pursue
b42cSky hunters pursue a bearIn the cosmic hunt tale the game pursued by the hunters is a bear
b42gUrsa major is a game animal(s)Ursus major (seven stars or only four stars of a dipper) is identified with the game animal or anmials (usually pursued by the hunter)
b42lAnimal is the dipper, hunters are the handleStars of the handle of the Big Dipper are identified with the hunters, the dipper itself with the game (bear or elk) or a neat-barn ravaged by bear
b42m2The boaster and the hurried oneStars of the handle of the Big Dipper are three hunters who pursue an animal and demonstrate particular psychological characteristics (one is a boaster, another is a hurried one, etc.). In Siberia the hunters belong to different ethnic groups and in the North American Northeast they are different species of birds
b42pUrsa major is a bearUrsa major is identified with a bear
b42uBig Dipper’s handle are three personsThree stars of Big Dipper’s handle are three persons. Four stars of the Dipper itself are objects of animals (one or several)
b44cShould warmth and light exist?It is discussed if darkness or light, cold or warm periods should exist
b44eDispute of ancestorsThe primeval ancestors (usually birds and animals) participate in discussion concerning the desired predominance or wamth/light or cold/darkness, number of the units of time in a tempoi cycle, etc.
b44f1Bear stands for nightIn a dispute about should it be cold (dark) or warm (light), the bear stands for the cold; or the world is dark because the bear hides the sun in his house
b45Marriage of winter and summerA coming of warm (light, abundant, etc.) or cold (dark, barren, etc.) time is related to the marriage of certain person
b48Predators become herbivorous Weak or herbivorous animals were dangerous predators but have been transformed
b50Whose blood is sweeter?An insect feeds on human blood (flesh). Dangerous person asks it where it had sucked blood or whose blood (flesh) is the most delicious. Usually the insect lies or cannot answer (its tongue is cut off) and thanks to this dangerous person attacks certain plants or animals and not people
b51Mosquito and thunderThanks to intentional misinformation, Thunder did not get know that bloodsucking insect has sucked human blood
b69Chipmunk's back scratched: hence his stripesTo thank or to punish a small mammal like chipmunk or (ground) squirrel, animal or person scratches or paints it producing stripes on its back
b69aCouncil on seasons, chipmunk participatesChipmunk or an animal of similar size (weasel, pika) is engaged into argument with another animal person (bear, elk, puma, snake) if it should be warm and light or cold and dark
b77Primeval sky close to earthOriginally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up
b78Shaking bed makes snowfallWhen person or creature shakes himself or itself, shakes his or her bed, clothes, plucks birds, etc., snow falls down to earth
b7bWaters from broken potSea, river, waters of flood flow out of a small receptacle
b85Wind pacifiedWind is too strong, hero makes it to blow more calmly
b87AlcorAlcor (a weak star near the second star of the handle of the Big Dipper) is selected as a particular sky object
b87aAlcor is a dogA weak star near the second star of the handle of the Big Dipper (the Tibetans: Small Dipper) is interpreted as a dog
b92Flint person turns into flintsPerson whose body is extraordinary hard and invulnerable or (rare) a small object is broken to pieces that turn into flints or other hard stones (the origin of flints)
c16Processed objects turn into animalsAgainst person's will, butchered, dried or cooked meat, tanned hides, etc. turn back into animals or fish and escape.
c2Deluge and conflagration combinedInhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water
c6Valuables brought from the lower worldPersons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)
c6cThe diver is a birdAn aquatic bird dives and brings the desired object from the bottom
c6c1Birds: successful and unsuccessful diversTwo or more different birds (often a loon and a duck) dive one after another to get earth from under the ocean. Only one of them is successful
c6c3The loon is successful diverThe loon dives and brings a piece of earth (a blade of grass etc.) that is transformed into the dry land or it brings other object which everybody is eager to get (the loon is the only or the only successful diver)
c6fDiving for drowned personPersons or animals dive to get from under the water a drowned person or creature or part of its body
d4aTheft of fireFire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before
d4eCoyote or fox obtain fireCoyote or fox bring people the fire, the daylight or the Sun
d4fBeaver or fish let themselves to be roastedBeaver (in North American) or a small fish (in South America) lets fire owners catch and roast it, then revives and carries the fire away
d4iBeaver obtains fireBeaver steals fire for people
d4mFire owners dancePerson comes to the owners of fire or light. They feast and dance. He joins them and in a proper moment carries away the valuables
e10Pets turn into childrenA lonely woman or married couple surprises childred who live nearby in guise of animals (plants, objects). After this the children preserve their human guise
e11The burned skinMagic person reveals his true nature and/or remains with the real people after the object responsible for preserving the non-human appearance (usually an animal skin) is destroyed (usually burned)
e1bPerson of unfit materialsCertain person is made of improper material and proves to be short-lived or unfit for fulfilling his functions
e30The make-believe spouse of woodPerson does not have a spouse, uses wooden fakes for his wife or her husband
e30aMake-believe spouse replaced with alive personPerson does not have a spouse, uses wooden fakes for his wife or her husband till alive person comes to replace it
e8People of woodThe first people or (the first) woman (wife of a primeval ancestor) are made of wood
e9The mysterious housekeeperPerson observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one
f10Vaginal teeth knocked outWoman has another toothed mouth (usually in vagina) or biting animals in vagina. Man inserts there a stone, bone, stick, etc. breaking or knocking out the teeth or extracting from there dangerous animals
f18aThe long penisPenis is so long that he can turn it round his waist or send into a woman who is at a long distance from him. (Only texts considered to describe real events and beings and not anecdotes are included)
f18cGirls at the opposite bankSeeing a girl on the opposite bank of a river, person uses tricks to have sex with her: sends his long penis, transforms his penis into a bridge or a dam, dives and copulates with a girl from under the water
f22Study of partner’s bodyPerson asks another person of the opposite sex about destination or place of her or his genitals. Usually it is made after putting questions about function of other body parts; or person tries to use for sex different parts of the partner's body or tests them before reaching the best place where the genitals should be put
f28dArtificial conceptionWoman conceives after masturbating with an artificial penis
f33Water creature paramourCertain woman or a group of women take for paramour a big water animal (caiman, otter, sea-lion, whale, anaconda; rare: water bird, crab), water spirit or monster. Husbands, brothers or (adoptive) children kill or maim paramour and/or (sometimes) the woman
f34bThe paramour is not a human beingA girl (a woman, a group of women) intentionally takes a penis-being, a snake, an eel, a lizard, a worm, a big water animal or water monster or a big terrestrial mammal for paramour. People kill or maim the paramour, the woman and/or her progeny or she is transformed herself into an animal. She is blamed for her behavior
f35Feeding with the paramour’s meatPerson feeds another with the meat of his or her sexual partner who cooks or eats it without knowing whose meat it is
f35aFeeding with the kin’s meatPerson does not know that he or she eats or cooks the meat of the member of his or her household (blood relation, more rare a spouse or servant) or serves it to his or her friends, or uses her or his bones for everyday needs, or slowly kills him ort her
f49The abnormal birthCesarean operation upon a woman at childbirth as a custom
f51The clandestine loverPerson who conceals his or her identity comes to his or her lover (at night). Next time, the lover puts a mark on the stranger's face, body or clothes doing this intentionally (to recognize him or her) or by chance (that leads to the identification)
f58Trickster and womenA man cohabits with a group of women (or with several women in succession) concealing his identity and/or intentions. He is either eventually exposed and punished by women or escapes to continue his tricks
f60Trickster cures maidenA girl gets sick. A man comes to cure her but only copulates with her or makes an attempt to do so
f61Trickster rapes a woman who carries him on her backA man pretends to be weak, ill or injured, asks a woman to carry him on her back. When she agrees, he makes attempt to copulate with her
f67Old woman pretends to be manAn old woman makes herself false penis and testicles, marries or attempts to marry her (step)daughter
f77aPenis bridgePenis is stretched across a body of water as a pole or bridge
f86Conditional signalPerson summons with a certain signal a non-human being (usually his or her sexual partner or his or her protégé). Another person spies, uses the same signal or pronounces the same words and kills the being who comes to him (or uses this being sexually himself)
f9A dangerous womanFor different reasons, sexual contact with a woman is deadly dangerous for a man
f90A tragic incestBrother and sister marry each other. When their children get to know about the incest, they kill their parents, or father kills children, or parents suicide, or wife/sister suicides when her husband/brother has died
f9aVagina dentataThere are teeth, blades or sharp stones in woman’s genitals, vagina is the biting mouth. (Only texts that are believed to correspond to reality are considered but not anecdotes and jokes)
f9cSnake in vaginaSnake (Pacific snake-eel in Polynesia) is in vagina; around the woman's thighs; vagina is a mouth of a snake; a woman with toothed vagina is associated with a snake; a snake crawls out of woman's mouth to bite off the man’s penis during the copulation
f9e1Dangerous animal in vaginaWoman is dangerous because biting or stinging animal or animals is (are) inside her genitals (and not only the head of such an animal)
g13People ate rotten woodBefore acquisition of cultivated plants people ate rotten or soft (Ceiba L., Ochroma Sw.) wood; some people eat rotten wood
g23Alive being turns into many objectsPerson or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)
g23bAlive being turns into nationsDifferent body parts of a being turn into people of different ethnic affiliation or such people receive their names and characteristics according to body parts that they got
h12The alive person comes to the land of the dead after somebody’s deathThe alive person comes to the land of the dead to bring back somebody who has recently died (besides stories about shamans who journey to the other world to bring back the soul of a sick person) or, having no particular aim, goes there in company of somebody who had recently died or following his or her tracks
h1aThe originator of death the first suffererOne person wants man to live forever, another wants man to be mortal. When somebody dear to the latter one dies, he or she is eager to accept the suggestion of his or her opponent but the original decision cannot be changed
h1bDeath of a neighbor’s childPerson does something that makes death inevitable because the death of a child or a woman beloved by another person is indifferent or desirable for him or her
h20Fish disperse in the worldAll the fish or (rare) shellfish) was concentrated in one place. Certain person lets it lose or puts it into the rivers or sea
h20aMistress of fish loses itA woman (a girl, several women) keeps all the fish for herself. Man comes and lets fish escape into rivers or sea.
h24Container opened too earlyContainer with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear
h27Mosquitoes let loseStinging insects (rare diseases) had been inside a container or some enclosure. They escaped to the world when the container or enclosure was foolishly opened
h34aControversy over conditions of lifePerson has a series of suggestions how to make the world easy for living and free of hard work and death. His companion successively rejects them. Their dialogue forever defines conditions of human life
h36ffDeath and the ravenRaven is responsible for introduction of permanent death
h37Magic device lost by a failure Magic object, device that makes hunting or fishing easy gets into possession of a person who is unable to operate it or abuses it. The device kills or injures the failure himself, other people and/or disappears
h54The eyelids of ViyEyelids (eyelashes, eyebrows) of personage hang long down over his eyes. To make the eyes widely opened, the eyelids (eyelashes, eyebrows) should be propped up with poles, folks, sticks, etc. (rare: cut off)
i1The thunderbirdsCreatures that produce rain and/or thunderstorms are birds or anthropomorphic beings with wings; or (rare) some or all birds are connected with thunder, lightning or rain though Thunder is not a bird
i100bThe Pleiades are a group of peopleThe Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)
i117Spider ferries from one world to anotherSpider person raises the hero to the sky, helps him or her to return back to earth or otherwise helps to overcome the borderlines between worlds
i17Body anomalies of inhabitants of a distant landBeings without mouth, anus, genitals, whose women do not know how to give birth live in the underworld, in the sky, or in a far-away land
i28Animals in the underworldGame animals live inside a mountain, in a cave or in the underworld where they often look like humans and have a master
i45bNot to point at the rainbowIt to point at the rainbow, pointing finger or entire arm will rot, wither or become crooked
i65Milky Way of the deadMilky Way is the path over which souls travel to the beyond or a path of the funeral procession
i69Star dungShining sky objects or atmospheric phenomena are excrements of sky dwellers
i71Stars are rootsStars are roots of the plants which grow in the upper world
i72Stars are peopleStars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)
i78The square earthThe earth is square, the sky is usually round
i8fOne support of the worldOnly one pole or mountain supports the earth or the sky
i99The Pleiades are boys or menThe Pleiades are a group of boys or men, or a group of different people but predominantly males
j1The vengeful heroesPersons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they
j12Travelling girl walks across suitorsA girl (or two sisters) travel, usually in search of a proper marriage partner who lives far away or who has gone away. On her way or after reaching the place of destination the girl gets to some unpleasant suitors
j13Two sistersTwo sisters (if more, only two play a significant role in the plot) travel and meet an unpleasant suitor or get to an ogre
j23A late son kills monstersPeople (elder brothers, elder siblings, elder sister) disappear (one by one). A lonely woman has a baby or finds a baby or she becomes pregnant magically and gives birth to a boy or twins. The boy grows up, exterminates the antagonists, usually revives and releases those who had disappeared
j23cYoungest brother kills monstersPeople (elder brothers, elder siblings, elder sister) disappear (one by one). A lonely woman has a baby or finds a baby or she becomes pregnant magically and gives birth to a boy. The boy grows up, exterminates the antagonists, usually revives and releases those who had disappeared
j30Parents’ remainsBefore the hero destroys the antagonists or escapes from them, he finds or receives the remains or possessions that belonged to the antagonists' victim
j4Revenge for the death of the male relativesHeroes avenge the murder or captivity of the male relatives: (grand)father, uncles, or the elder relatives in general, the loss of the males being the most traumatic
j42Waters split apartWhen person comes to the water body, waters are split apart so the person reaches the other bank walking on the dry ground
j4aRevenge for the death of the motherA woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death
j4bRevenge inside the familyChildren (son, sons, son and daughter) of the murdered woman or man revenge on persons who have marital or close kin relations with the victom
j52Two animal persons and their childrenA person (usually zoomorphic and female) treacherously kills her (his) companion. The victim's children revenge on the murderer killing her own children
j52aBear as antagonistA bear-person (usually Bear-woman) kills her or his female companion who is associated with a weaker animal – not a predator or a weaker predator. The victim's children revenge on the antagonist killing her own children and / or run away and escape
j53bThe killed mother’s breastsTwo women live together, each one has children. When they are outdoors, one of them kills another and brings home her flesh. The victim’s children gets to see their mother’s breasts (in California: eyes or liver) or their mother’s breasts speak with them
j53cOne of two female companions kills anotherTwo co-wives of female companions live together, both have children. Once when they go to work outdoors (usually to gather wild plants), one of them kills and devours another. The victim's children escape
j53c1The grizzly-bear and the black bearTwo women live together, both have children. One of them kills and (later) eats another. The murderer is associated with the grizzly-bear and the victim with the bear of the smaller species
j55Unrecognized hero comes across enemiesHero comes across different creatures or persons who do not recognize him. Everyone tells that he is waiting for the Hero to kill him. The hero easily kills or transforms them himself
j58The arrow ladderPersons shoot arrows (darts) which hit each other’s end forming a chain (rope, ladder). Persons climb by this chain to the sky or (rare) across an obstacle
j59Following arrow to get to the skyTo climb to the sky, person must first to shoot an arrow that reaches the sky and sticks to it
j8Feathers at the crossroadA woman or a girl is in search of her husband or other person. Bird feathers at the cross-road or near the person's dwelling mark the correct or the wrong way
k10Fight with the monstrous birdMonstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it
k12Woman is lost and returnedBy trick or by force, a rival or adversary kidnaps hero's wife or bride. The man gets her back
k176A man in search of the womanA (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife
k177The travelling heroineA girl or young woman sets off to find or return her fience or her husband or she escapes from a fanger and ultimately marries happily
k18Infant picks out his unknown fatherA boy is born whose father or (rare) mother is unknown. He himself points at his parent who as a rule occupies the lowest social position. Usually many men (women) come together and everyone hopes that the boy points at him (her)
k18aInfant takes father’s bow and arrowsWhen a small boy has to recognize his father among many men, he comes to him and takes father's bow and arrows
k18aaPregnancy because of the non-sexual contactA girl becomes pregnant without her knowledge thanks to the contact with body liquids of a male person or with objects touched by him (not because of the normal sexual contact, or a wish expressed by the father of her future child, or her mistical contact with a deity). The happy marriage of the girl with her child’s father follows
k1fConflict because of a womanA man maroons another because of jealousy or because he plans to take hold of his wife
k1hImprisoned in the tree-hollowPerson is imprisoned in a tree-hollow or inside a rock and is released by somebody who makes a hole from outside
k24aSupernatural male hides clothes of human girlSupernatural male person (often a snake, a dragon) hides clothes of a human girl or sits on it. To return her clothes she had to become his wife
k24aSupernatural male hides clothes of human girlSupernatural male person (often a snake, a dragon) hides clothes of a human girl or sits on it. To return her clothes she had to become his wife
k25dProhibited bulb in the skyPerson gets to the sky, makes hole through the firmament digging out a root. Usually woman's husband or his kinsmen warn her against digging out a special bulb or tuber; breaking taboo, she gets to see the earth, decides to descend
k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)Competitions and difficult tasksPerson is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life
k27mTo get an animal of unusual colorThe hero must kill and bring an animal of special (often unusual) color or form
k27nDifficult tasks of the in-lawsA man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage
k27oBall gameA contest: ball game
k28Father or uncle is rival and enemyMaternal uncle or father (or grandfather if he replaces father who is not mentioned) of the young man is his rival or enemy and tries to kill him
k29aSurviving in a fireHero demonstrates his supernatural abilities remaining alive in a burning hot chamber, stove, bonfire, among burning vegetation
k3Tree or rock grows tallerHero climbs up a tree or rock to get eggs, nestlings, fruits, honey, etc. Another person makes the tree (rock) grow higher or thicker and the hero is unable to descend back
k35False husbandAn imposter pretends to be the hero to take his position and/or to marry or to violate his woman
k37Recognition-testTo return or to get his or her son, wife, husband, domestic animal or (rare) object, person must recognize her, him or it among several identical persons, animals or objects
k37aTo recognize a manPerson must recognize her (or his) son or husband among several identical persons or animals
k4The bird nesterPerson climbs up a tree or rock or descends to a cave to get eggs or nestlings from the bird's nest. Another person remains on the ground. They get into conflict and/or the first person is unable to get back to the ground
k43aCompassionate person saves firePeople abandon a boy, a girl, brother and sister, a group of children, or a young family without fire and food. A compassionate person conceals hot coals for the outlaws in the abandoned camp
k47aA woman and a dogAfter having sexual contact with a dog, a woman gives birth to his children. The puppies turn into humans and usually become ancestors of particular groups of people
k49Dead mother returns to nurse her babyA woman who is transformed into animal or driven out of the human world returns to her baby to feed and to care for him
k5The fake nestlingsTo lure the hero into a trap or to send him far away, the antagonist makes a bird or nestlings of excrements or guts
k75The youngest daughter is willing (The loathsome bridegroom)A girl (usually the youngest of several sisters) does not reject but marries a poor, sick, dirty, old, too young, non-human, etc. man who later demonstrates his supernatural qualities
k86Weeping child stolenBecause a small child is ignored or punished by its parents (usually it cries late in the evening), bush spirit or animal carries it away
k8aJonah: swallowed by monsterPerson gets into the belly of water being or into the belly of giant creature which appearance and living place remain vague. He kills the monster from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)
k8cJonah: swallowed by terrestrial animalPerson gets into the belly of ground animal or bird. He kills it from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)
k8c4Elk dies after swallowing mouseA mouse, a small bird, a porcupine or other animal (rare: person) of a small size gets inside a big ungulate (elk, deer, buffalo, tapir) to kill (and then usually to eat) him
k8c5Bear dies after swallowing mouseAnimal person (mammal, bird, fish) of a small size (less than a fox) gets inside the bear and kills him from the inside (usually eat his meat)
k8eGetting inside via anusPerson or animal gets into another being through its anus
l118Caught in a split log(Animal) person provokes another to put a part of his body into a split log (between two planks, etc.) and removes the wedge
l15dThe external soulLife of a person or creature is preserved outside of his (her, its) body. Person or creature dies after the corresponding object is destroyed
l33Rolling stoneStone chases people to crash them
l33aRock pursues stealerTrickster takes off an object (often a blanket) that lies on or near a rock or other seemingly inanimate object and that has been presented to it. The object pursues or otherwise punishes the stealer
l33dHero defeats monstrous rockRolling rock kills people, hero destroys it
l33ePresented blanketTrickster takes a blanket or decorations which are a property of Rock or other seemingly inanimate object (usually the same trickster presented this blanket to Rock before)
l57Person gets his body part backPerson loses his organ or body part, it is carried away. He finds its new owner, gets his property back
l5cRolling head is a dangerous monsterRolling head is a dangerous mobster (pursues celestial bodies, people etc.)
l70Fruit falls and killsPerson or animal is killed or injured with a heavy object dropped from a tree (or rock, etc.). The person or the animal knows that the objects will fall but has falls ideas about its character and weight
l9Sharp body membersBody members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon
l98Cannibal owlDangerous cannibal or bush spirit who abducts children, attacks people, etc. is associated with an owl
l9aSharp legPerson's leg is injured intentionally or by chance. The loss of one leg does not bother him. He uses the sharpened bone as a thrust weapon
m109The tail-fisherAnimal person puts his tail (penis) down and waits in hope to get something edible. The tail (penis) is torn or cut off, the person escapes or dies
m11cPerson gets lard from his bodyA male person cuts or roasts his own body to extract meat, lard or blood, cooks it and serves to his guest without injuring himself. Such a food is not considered to be unclean
m122Advisers insideIn a difficult situation animal person asks for advice his tail, anus or some beings that are inside him (excrements, parasites, his "sisters", etc.)
m18Stolen arrows and hooksPerson transforms himself into an object of hunting or fishing, provokes hunters of fishermen to catch or shoot him and carries way the tools that they use (arrows, darts, harpoons, hooks, baits). Or he fishes by turning himself into a hook. Or he is caught but escapes turning back into a person
m18bGetting fishing hook or harpoonPerson turns into a fish to steal fishing hook or harpoon or he turns into fishing hook to catch a fish
m19The bait-personPerson ties another one (usually a child) to a fishing line to use him as a bait or orders the tied one to catch fish with his hands
m22Helpful stockA long-necked bird living near water (stork, heron, bittern, swan) saves person from dangerous pursuer
m27Coming back from the skyA tree or a chain of reeds by which people have ascended to the sky is destroyed. On their way back they fall to the ground. Some of them remain in the sky for ever or longer than others
m29bTrickster-fox, jackal or coyoteIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote
m29b2The bear is a failure/enemyBecause of its stupidity or unsocial behavior, the bear suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m29fWolverine is a failure Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the wolverine suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m36Dismantles himself to crawl through an openingPerson is imprisoned inside a tree, stone, a ball of ice, etc. He or somebody else makes the opening but it is too narrow. The person puts himself to pieces (or turns into fog), inserts them into the opening, outside puts the pieces together again
m38Stupid imitation (all versions)Person sees how others act using magic or according to their animal nature. He or she imitates their actions and gets into trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and refer to everyday activity, mostly to providing and cooking food
m38aThe bungling hostBeing on a visit to other people or (more often) animals, an (animal)-person sees them act using magic or according to their animal nature. Back at home, he imitates their actions and gets in trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and mostly refer to providing and cooking food
m42Eyes: taken out of orbits and lostPerson loses his eyes because of his playfulness or negligence. He makes new eyes of some substance or/and takes eyes of another person
m42aEyes of berriesPerson (usually after losing his own eyes), makes new eyes of berries and is able to see again
m46The false babyPlanning to get or to return valuables, person turns into baby or in a small objects that has power to impregnate a woman. The picked up or the born baby steals the valuables and acquires his real guise (including cases according to which the girl herself is the desired valuable)
m46aA stratagem: the picked up babyPerson turns into baby, is picked up by the owner of valuables, steals the valuables or makes love to a woman. The baby is not a demonic creature and does not plan to kill those who picked him up (cf. motif L60)
m49Man in a skin of anotherHero comes across a (animal-)person from an enemy group and takes his or her appearance, usually dressing himself in a skin of his victim; after this he penetrates the enemy camp
m49aThe substituted medicine-womanThe hero has to come unrecognized to the meeting place of his enemies. He meets an old woman (usually a shaman, a medicine-woman) who goes there, puts on her skin and acquires her appearance
m61aTo obtain valuables, quarrel provokedTo obtain valuables person provokes a quarrel between their owners. When the owners become to fight with each other, the valuables fall out
m61a2Person provokes a quarrel between two stonesTo provoke a quarrel between two different stones, person (always a raven) tells each one that the other was insulting him
m62aQuarrel provoked by action [not in correlation table]Hero imperceptibly causes detriment to two persons or creatures. They accuse each other and fight
m63Body parts enumeratedBefore finding a part of the body that is the best for some particular function, other parts are proven or enumerated
m65Trickster jammed, meat stolenTrickster cooks meat that he got by deception but is unexpectedly jammed between trees or stuck to a stone. An animal (usually fox, wolf or coyote) steals all the meat
m65bThe lost quarryPerson kills game (usually by deception), gets to see how thieves carry it away but is unable to intervene
m69Getting fast in an animal skullSmall animals or insects dance or feast inside a big animal skull or food is there. Person inserts his head into the skull and cannot take it out for a long time
m71Picked up piece of woodTrickster floats down the river or falls from the height and turns into a piece of wood or into a wooden object. Somebody picks it up. Eventually, the trickster acquires his real self, usually in the host's absence
m73Exchanged excrements or vomits: who is strongerTwo (animal) persons compare their feces or vomits to know about the diet and habits of each other (who is the strongest). The weaker one gets to exchange the feces (vomits)
m74Vomits comparedTwo animals or persons compare their vomits to know about the diet and habits of each other. The weaker one gets to exchange vomits, to swallow the unusual food before, or to swallow his partner's vomits
m8Breaking the obstacleNon-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object
m81Blind personsA man travels and comes to two or several blind (usually old) persons
m81aBlind duck-women curedA man meets two blind women, makes them see, they are or become birds (geese, ducks, grouses or the like)
m81cBlinds met in the skyGetting to the sky or (rare) to the lower world a man comes across one or two blind persons, then returns to the earth. Usually he cures their eyes
m82Animal person ties rattles to its tailAn animal person sees that another has something tied to his tail, wants the same tail for himself and has a trouble as a result
m84Revived from bonesPerson, animal, fish or (rare) a fruit is eaten up and then revived, usually after all bones (all seeds) being put together
m84bBones thrown into the waterButchered and eaten animal, bird or fish revives after its bones are thrown into the water
m8aBirds peck a rock to release prisonersBirds and sometimes also animals work hard to break from the outside or from the inside a rock, a tree truck, bonds, etc. to release some beings or themselves from confinement in a small enclosure or trap
m97The blind is directed by treesPerson is lost or becomes blind. He walks asking different trees their names and makes decisions according to their answers reaching ultimately his destination
m97a2The blind person asks trees their names to find his was to the waterThe blind person walks asking different trees their names and thus finds his way to the water


Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Lillooet
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Shuswap
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Sechelt (incl Sisiatl), Squamish, Halcomelem
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Coeur D'Alene, Kalispel (Pend d'Oreille; incl Spokane)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kets
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Okanagon, Sanpoil
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Carrier
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Five Nations Iroquois (Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kayan, Bahau, Kenja, Aoheng, Punan (Bukat, Basap, Oloh Ot, etc); "Klemantan"
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Hopi

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Shuswap
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Okanagon, Sanpoil
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Tillamook
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Upper Chinook: Wasco, Wishram, Clackamas, Kathlamet
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Takelma
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kutenai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Lillooet
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Western Ojibwa (Chippewa)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Western Sahaptin (Upper Cowlitz, Klikitat, Tenino, Umatilla, Yakima, Wallawalla)