k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)

Motif

Name_eng:

Competitions and difficult tasks

Description:

Person is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life

Name_rus:

Задачи и соревнования

Description_rus:

Персонаж получает задания, которые смертельно опасны или могут быть выполнены лишь при наличии сверхъестественных способностей или помощников; герой выполняет задания и/ли чудесным образом остается в живых. Противостояние персонажей развертывается как игра или соревнование, в которых проигравший теряет жизнь или статус

Motif type:

Adventures and tricks

Motif group:

10 Adventures

Motif analysis result:

3. Only those motifs that are found in Central and South America

Motif analysis result tradition count all:

547

Linked traditions:

Areal ID	Tradition
1.2.1.1	Kosa (Xosa, Xhosa)
1.2.1.2	Zulu, Swazi
1.2.1.3	Tswana (Chwana), Suto (Soto; incl Pedi, Mbire)
1.2.1.4	Ndebele, Pedi, Thonga (incl Ronga), Hlengwe, Matabele (Tebele)
1.2.2.1	Shone (Shona, =Mashona, =Karanga), Makoni (Shoni dialect), Remba (=Hungwe, Wahungwe); Zezuru, Rozwi, Ndau (Vandau)
1.2.2.2	Bemba (Wemba, Babemba; incl Ambo, Lala, Lamba, Bisa), Holoholo, Kaonde
1.2.2.3	Tonga (Tsonga; incl, Soli, Sala, Lenje)
1.2.2.3	Tonga (Tsonga; incl, Soli, Sala, Lenje)
1.2.2.7	Yao, Makua
1.2.3.3	Mbundu (Umbundu, Kimbundu, Chimbundu, Ovimbundu), Kwanyama, Owambo (=Ambo)
1.2.3.4	Luchasi (Ngangela), Chokwe (Konwe); Mbukushu
1.2.4.1	Congo (Koongo, Bacongo; incl Vili, Fioti, (Ma)Yombe, MuKunyi), Ndombo, Luango (Loango), Zombo (Sambo), Laadi (Laari), (Ba)Fioti, Woyo (Kiwoyo)
1.2.4.10	Yaka (in Angola and Congo)
1.2.4.2	Sakata
1.2.4.6	Kete, Luba-Kasai, Bena (Bene) Lulua; (Bena-)Kanioka
1.2.4.7	Luba (Baluba, Luba-Katanga, Shaba), (Ba)Holoholo, Tumbwe, Bena-Piana, Tabwa, Benabena-Mitumba, Zela, Bene-Marungu
1.2.4.9	Songe (Kisonge), Bena-Matembo
1.2.5.1	Ganda, (Ba)Nyoro, Nyankole, Masaba (Gisu), Luia (=Luyia, Haya, Luhya, Bantu Kawirondo; incl. Vugusu, Maragoli)
1.2.5.11	Hehe, Pangwa (Upper Rufudji area), Bena, Matumbi, Ngoni, Pogolo, (Ma)konde, Mawiha
1.2.5.12	Swahili, Midjikenda (incl Giryama), Nyika, Duruma; Ngindo, Kiluguru and other Islamic groups of the Eastern Coast of Africa
1.2.5.3	Nyatutu, Kiniramba, Isanzu
1.2.5.5	Fipa (Bafipa), Iramba, Bende
1.2.5.7	Kikuyu, Chuka, Embu, Emberre, Mwimbe
1.2.5.9	Gogo, Kaguru, Luguru, Zigula, Taveta, Shambala (Šambala), Bondei, Taeta, Dabida; Zaramo
1.2.6.1	Duala (Douala), Basa (Basaá), Kwiri (Kweli), Isubu
1.2.6.4	Enenga, Mpongwe, Kuta (Koto), Nkomi, Masango, Mindumu, Mbede, Mitsogo, Bawunga, Ndumu (Ndumbo), Duma, Teke, (B)wende
1.3.1.1	Yambasa, Banen (Tunen)
1.3.1.2	Tiv, Bamum (Bamun), Mungaka (Mgaka, Bali), Beba, Anaguta, Bete (Mbete, Karang), Ekoi, Nyang, Vute (Wute), Jukun, Chamba, Bamileke, Kwotto, Kirri; Denya (Nyang)
1.3.1.4	Igbo (Ibo); Isoko, Urhobo
1.3.2.1	Hausa
1.3.2.2	Biu-Mandara: Margi, Kilba, Bura, Kera, Karekare (Kerri-Kerri), Bachama, Zulgo, Giziga, Hdi, Kapsiki, Mandara (incl Mukulehe, Matakam), Mofu (Mofu-Gudur), Somrai (Sibine, Shibha)
1.3.2.6	Mukulu (Mokilko)
1.3.3.1	Bia: Anyi, Agni, Baule, Nsema
1.3.3.2	Akan, Ashanti, Akwapim; Ga (Accra), Kra, Twi (Chwi, Chi)
1.3.4.2	Northern Gur (Oti-Volta): Mamprussi, Dagomba, Dagari (Dagara; incl Lodaga), Bassari, Mosi, Nankanse, Konkomba, Moba; Ditammari, Nyende, Bulsa (pl Builsa, Bulo)
1.3.4.6	Songhai
1.3.5.1	Fula (=Fulbe, Fulani, Pular)
1.3.5.10	Mende, Loma, Gbunde (Gbandi, Bandi)
1.3.5.11	Mandingo (Manden, incl San, Samo), Kagoro, Bambara (Bamana), Malinke, Kassonke, Diula
1.3.5.13	Soninke
1.3.5.3	Tenda (incl Bedik, Basari), Biafada, Nalu, Pajadinka, Badyara (Badiaranke)
1.3.5.4	Temne (Timne)
1.3.5.6	Gola
1.4.1.2	Arabs of Sudan
1.4.1.3	Kordofan
1.4.3.3	Acoli (Acholi), Lur (Alur, Luri), Lango
10.2.1.1	Early Chinese written sources
10.2.2.12	Hunan and Guixhou Chinese
10.2.2.2	Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang Chinese; Manchuria Chinese (data not specified on particular provinces)
10.2.2.3	Sichuan Chinese
10.2.2.4	Fujian (Fukian) Chinese
10.2.2.5	Jiangsu and Zhejang Chinese
10.2.2.8	Chinese of Qinghai and Gansu provinces and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
10.2.3.2	Lisu, Achang, Taunyo
10.2.3.2	Lisu, Achang, Taunyo
10.2.3.3	Namuzi (Namuyi), Mosuo, Naxi; Pumi (Primi)
10.2.3.4	Miao (Hmong) and Yao of Southern China
10.2.3.5	Meo (Hmong) of Thailand, Laos and Northern Vietnam
10.2.4.1	Koreans; Goguryeo
10.2.4.1	Koreans; Goguryeo
10.3.1.1	Ainu
10.3.2.1	Japanese folklore outside of Ryukyu
10.3.2.4	Japan AD 700-1700
11.1.1.2	Tundra (Lower Kolyma) Yukaghir (Waduls)
11.1.2.1	Chukchi
11.1.3.2	Maritime Koryak (Alyutor)
11.1.4.2	Chuvans, Russian-speaking Creols of Markovo
11.2.1.1	Asiatic Eskimo (Sirenek, Naukan, Chaplino)
11.2.1.2	St. Lawrence Island Yupik
11.2.1.3	Aleuts
11.2.1.4	Central Yupik
11.2.1.5	Nunivak Island
11.2.1.6	Kodiak
11.2.2.1	Bering Strait Inupiat (incl. King Island)
11.2.2.2	North Alaskan Inupiat
11.2.3.1	Mackenzie Delta
11.2.3.5	Iglulik
12.1.1.1	Ingalik (Der Hit’an)
12.1.1.5	Denaina
12.1.1.6	Gwich'in (Kutchin, Loucheux)
12.1.1.7	Han
12.1.1.8	Athna
12.1.1.9	Upper Tanana (Nebesna)
12.1.2.1	Tutchone
12.1.2.10	Dogrib, Slavey
12.1.2.3	Inland Tlingit
12.1.2.4	Tahltan
12.1.2.6	Kaska
12.1.2.7	Beaver
12.1.2.8	Hare (incl. Sahtu, or North Slavey, and Bearlake)
12.2.1.2	Tlingit
12.2.1.3	Haida
12.2.1.4	Tsimshian
12.2.2.1	Heiltsuk (Bellabella), Oowekeeno
12.2.2.2	Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw)
12.2.2.3	Bella Coola (Nuxalk)
12.2.2.4	Nootka (Nu-chah-nulth), Makah
12.3.1.1	Carrier
12.3.1.2	Chilkotin
12.3.2.1	Shuswap
12.3.2.2	Thompson (Nlaka'pamux)
12.3.2.3	Lillooet
12.3.3.1	Okanagon, Sanpoil
12.3.3.2	Coeur D'Alene, Kalispel (Pend d'Oreille; incl Spokane)
12.3.4.1	Comox, Pentlatch
12.3.4.2	Sechelt (incl Sisiatl), Squamish, Halcomelem
12.3.4.3	Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
12.3.4.4	Lushootseed (Puget Sound: Puyallup, Nisqualmi, Snuqualmi, Duwamish, Muckleshoot, Snohomish, Skagit)
12.3.4.6	Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis, (Lower) Cowlitz
12.3.5.1	Quinault
12.3.6.1	Western Sahaptin (Upper Cowlitz, Klikitat, Tenino, Umatilla, Yakima, Wallawalla)
12.3.6.2	Nez Perce
12.3.7.1	Lower Chinook (Chinook proper)
12.3.7.2	Tillamook
12.3.7.3	Coos
12.3.7.4	Alcea; Siuslaw
12.3.7.7	Oregon Athabaskans: Lower Umpqua, Tututni (incl Joshua), Upper Coquille, Galice, Tolowa
12.3.7.8	Klamath, Modoc
12.3.8.1	Kutenai
12.4.1.1	Winnebago
12.4.2.1	Menominee
12.4.2.3	Northern Ojibwa (=Severn Ojibwa, Sandy Lake Cree, Northern Saulteaux)
12.4.2.4	Western Ojibwa (Chippewa)
12.4.2.5	Eastern Ojibwa (Missisauga, Timagami and other groups in eastern Ontario)
12.4.2.7	Algonquin, unspecified Algonkians of the Midwest (probably Old Algonquin)
12.4.3.2	Montagnais
12.4.3.3	Naskapi
12.4.3.4	Eastern Swamy Cree
12.4.3.5	Western Swampy Cree (incl. Rock Cree)
12.4.3.6	Eastern Cree
12.4.4.1	Plains Cree
12.4.4.2	Plains Ojibwa
12.5.1.1	Micmac
12.5.1.2	Malecite, Passamaquoddy
12.5.1.3	Wawenock, Abenaki, Penobscot
12.5.1.5	Mohegan (incl Pequot)
12.6.1.1	Yurok
12.6.1.2	Wiyot
12.6.1.3	Karok
12.6.2.1	Yana
12.6.2.2	Achomavi
12.6.3.1	Pomo
12.6.3.2	Wappo
12.6.3.3	Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
12.6.3.4	Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
12.6.4.1	Sierra Miwok
12.6.4.3	Coastal Miwok
12.6.5.1	Yokuts
12.6.5.6	Kawaiisu
12.6.5.7	Chumash
12.6.6.1	Serrano
12.6.6.2	Gabrielino (Tongva)
12.7.1.1	Northern Paiute (=Paviotso)
12.7.1.10	Southern Paiute
12.7.1.2	Owens Valley Paiute
12.7.1.6	Northern Shoshone
12.7.1.7	Western Shoshone, Gosiute
12.7.1.8	Panamint
12.7.1.9	Ute
12.8.1.1	Hopi
12.8.1.2	Zuni
12.8.1.3	Western Keres (Acoma, Laguna)
12.8.2.1	Eastern Keres (Cochiti, Sia, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, Santa Ana, Paguate, Seama)
12.8.2.2	Tewa (San Juan, Santa Clara, San Ildefonso, Tesuque, Nambé; Hano), Tiwa (Taos, Picuris; Sandia, Isleta), Towa (Jemez)
12.8.3.1	Navajo
12.8.3.2	Jicarilla
12.8.3.2	Jicarilla
12.8.3.4	Mescalero
12.8.3.5	Western Apache (White Mountain, San Carlos)
12.8.4.1	Upland Yuma: Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai
12.8.4.4	Yuma proper (Quechan), Mohave, Maricopa
12.8.5.1	Pima
12.8.5.2	Papago
12.8.6.1	Seri
13.1.1.1	Blackfoot
13.1.1.2	Sarsee (Tsuu T'ina)
13.1.1.3	Gros Ventre
13.1.2.1	Assiniboine
13.1.3.1	Crow
13.1.3.3	Mandan
13.1.3.4	Arikara
13.1.4.1	Teton (incl Oglala)
13.1.4.2	Yankton/Yanktonai
13.1.4.3	Santee
13.1.4.4	Osage
13.1.4.6	Omaha, Ponca
13.1.4.7	Oto
13.1.4.8	Iowa
13.1.5.1	Arapaho
13.1.5.2	Cheyenne
13.2.1.1	Pawnee
13.2.1.2	Wichita; Spiro Mound iconography
13.2.1.3	Caddo
13.2.2.1	Kiowa Apache
13.2.2.2	Kiowa
13.3.1.2	Yuchi
13.3.2.1	Tunica
13.3.2.2	Natchez (incl Avoyel)
13.3.2.4	Biloxi
13.3.3.1	Creek, Seminole; Tuskegee; iconography of Kentucky Hopewell
13.3.3.2	Alabama, Koasati
13.3.4.1	Cherokee
14.1.1.3	Mayo, Yaqui, Sinaloa
14.1.2.1	Tarascan
14.1.2.5	Pame, Jonaz (Chichimeca-Jonaz), Mazahua, Otomi
14.1.2.6	Huastec (Teenek)
14.1.3.1	Tepehua, Totonac
14.1.3.2	Gulf Nahuatl
14.1.3.3	Sayula Popoluca (=Veracruz Mixe), Sierra Popoluca, Veracruz Zoque
14.1.6.1	Yucatec, Itza; pre-Columbian Mayan iconography of Yucatan
14.1.6.2	Lacandon
14.1.7.1	Tzutujil
14.1.7.2	Quiche, Achí, Cakchiquel, Pocomchi, Pocomam
14.1.7.4	Mam, Ixil, Aguatec, Avakatec
14.2.3.1	Kuna; XVI century data on Eastern Panama
14.3.1.1	Choco: Embera, Nonama (Waunana), XVI century Dabaiba, pre-Columbian iconography of Sinu
14.3.2.1	Kogi (Cagaba), Sanha, Creols of Aritama Valley
14.3.3.1	Guajiro
14.4.2.3	Lima dep: Costa and adjacent Sierra (Spanish, Kechua, and Jacaru-speaking communities, mostly in Pachacamac, Cajatambo, Canta, Huarochirí; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.2.4	Pasco, Junin, Huancavelica departments: Central Peru, Sierra (Kechua-speaking communities in Spanish sources XVI-XVII centuries)
14.4.3.2	Kechua-speaking communities of Apurimac, Cuzco, Arequipa, Puno departments; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries; Callawaya (Kechua with Pukina substratum)
15.1.1.2	Sicuani
15.1.1.4	Guayabero
15.1.2.1	Makiritare (Yecuana)
15.1.3.1	Yanomamo (Yanoama): Yanomam, Yanomami
15.1.3.2	Sanema
15.2.2.1	Warao
15.2.3.1	Pemon: Arekuna (incl. Kamarakoto), Taulipang (Taurepan)
15.2.3.3	Locono
15.2.3.6	Guiana Kariña, Kaliña, Galibi
15.2.3.7	Orinoco Kariña, Yaruri, Tamanak
15.2.3.8	Macuxi
15.2.3.9	Wapishana (incl Ataroi); Mapidian; Taruma
15.2.4.1	Trio
15.2.4.3	Waiwai
15.2.4.4	Hixkariyana
15.2.4.6	Wayana, Aparai
15.2.4.7	Wayapi, Emerillon
15.3.1.2	Mai Huna (Coto, Orejon)
15.3.2.4	Kandoshi (Murato, Maina); Iquito
15.3.4.2	Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
15.3.4.6	Cubeo
15.3.5.4	Puinave
15.3.6.1	Witoto, Ocaina
15.3.6.3	Andoque
15.4.1.3	Maue (Mawe)
15.4.3.2	Xipaya (Shipaya)
15.4.4.1	Tenetehara
15.4.4.2	Urubu (Urubu-Kaapor)
15.4.4.3	Tupinamba
15.5.3.1	Tacana
15.5.4.5	Mojo, Baure, Itonama, Kanichana, Chiquito, Manasi
15.5.5.4	Suruí, Gaviâo, Zoro, Arua, Cinta Larga
15.6.1.1	Mundurucu, Curuaia
15.6.2.1	Kamayura
15.6.2.4	Mehinaku, Waura, Yaulapiti
15.6.2.5	Trumai
15.6.3.3	Iranxe
15.6.3.4	Nambikwara
15.6.3.5	Paresi
15.6.4.1	Bororo
15.6.4.2	Umotina (Umutina)
15.7.1.1	Caraja
16.1.3.1	Nivakle (=Chulupi, Ashluslay, Ajlujlay)
16.1.3.4	Mataco
16.1.4.1	Makka
16.1.4.3	Toba (incl Pilaga)
16.2.1.1	Mapuche
16.2.2.1	Selknam
2.1.1.1	Malagasy
3.1.1.1	Ancient Egypt
3.1.2.1	Arabs of Egypt
3.1.3.2	Kabylia and other Berber of Northern and Central Algeria: Beni Snous, Beni Menacer (incl Zuav), Shaui, etc.)
3.1.3.3	Berbers of Morocco and adjacent parts of Algeria
3.1.3.3	Berbers of Morocco and adjacent parts of Algeria
3.1.3.4	Western Sahara and Mauritania Arabs; Berbers of Mauritania (Zénaga)
3.1.3.6	Algeria Arabs
3.2.1.4	Somali
3.2.2.1	Amhara; Zay, Harari; Silte, Gogot
3.3.1.1	Spain
3.3.1.2	Portuguese
3.3.1.3	Catalan
3.3.1.5	Basques
3.3.1.6	Galicians
3.3.2.1	Italians: Northwest (Mentona, Ticino, Valle-d’Aosta, Piemont, Liguria, Lombardia, Emilia–Romagna)
3.3.2.2	Sicily
3.3.2.3	Sardinia, Corsica
3.3.2.4	Romansh (Rhaeto-Romance)
3.3.2.5	Maltese
3.3.2.6	Italians: Central (Toscana, Umbria, Marche, San-Marino, Lazio)
3.3.2.7	Italians: Southern (Abruzzo, Campania, Molise, Basilicata, Apulia, Calabria)
3.3.2.8	Italians: Northeast (Trentino – Alto Adige, Veneto, Venezia Giulia, Southern Tirol, Friuli, Istria)
3.3.3.1	Bretagne
3.3.3.2	French (northern France)
3.3.3.3	Wallons, Picardie
3.3.3.4	Upper Brittany
3.3.3.5	Occitanie (southern France): Limousin, Auvergne, Provence, Aquitaine, Albret, Gers, Aveyron (Rouerge), Armagnac, Landes, Gascogne, Vivarés, Roussillon, Pyrénées, Bearne, Guyenne, Bigorre, Ain, Hautes Alpes, Ariège, Vienne, Aude, French part of Swiss
3.3.4.1	Ireland
3.3.4.2	Wales
3.3.4.3	Scotland
3.3.4.4	England
3.3.5.1	Dutch, Flemish
3.3.5.2	Frisians
3.3.5.3	Germans: Northwest (Low- and Central German dialects): Schleswig-Holstein, Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony, incl. East Frisia and Oldenburg), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Thüringen, Saxony-Anhalt, Sachsen
3.3.5.4	Germans: Southeast: Bawaria (incl. Ober Pfaltz), Franken, Bohemia (Sudeten), Austria
3.3.5.5	Germans: Northeast (Brandenburg, Meklenburg, Rügen, Pommern, Silesia, Posen)
3.3.5.6	Germans – Southwest: Alsace (Elsass), Baden-Württemberg, Swabia, Switzerland
3.3.5.7	Eastern Prussia
3.4.1.1	Ancient Greece
3.5.1.1	Greeks (modern)
3.5.1.2	Bulgarians
3.5.1.3	Macedonians
3.5.2.1	Albanians
3.5.2.2	Serbs, Monte Negro,
3.5.2.3	Bosnia Muslims
3.5.2.4	Croatians; Italians of Dalmatia (if the motif is absent among other Italians)
3.5.2.5	Slovenians
3.5.3.1	Hungarians
3.5.3.2	Romanians, Moldavians, Aromanians
3.5.3.3	Transylvanian Saksons
3.5.4.1	Gagauz
3.5.4.1	Gagauz
3.5.5.1	Greeks of Cyprus
4.1.1.1	Poles
4.1.1.2	Kashubians, Poles of Polish Pomorie
4.1.1.4	Czech
4.1.1.5	Slovakians
4.1.2.1	Ukrainians: Western dialects to the East of Carpathians
4.1.2.2	Ukrainians: Eastern dialects
4.1.2.3	Ukrainians: Northern dialects
4.1.2.4	Rusyns, Hutsuls
4.1.2.5	Byelarusians
4.1.3.1	Russians: Central part of Russian ethnic territory as in A.D. 1500: Tver, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Kostroma, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, eastern part of Smolensk provinces (most of Smolensk province is Belorussian ethnic territory)
4.1.3.2	Russian Pomors (“seasiders): Arkhangelsk province without its southern part (Shengur district and Konosha dstrict), Karelia White Sea coast
4.1.3.3	Russians: Vologda province (incl. Belozersk, Kirillov and Cherepovets districts of form. Novgorod Province)
4.1.3.4	Russians: Novgorod and Pskov provinces
4.1.3.5	Russian Pomors ('seasiders'): Terski Coast (Murmansk province)
4.1.3.6	Russians: Southern part of ethnic territory as in A.D. 1500 (Belgorod, Voronezh, Tambov, Penza, Lipetsk, Orel, Kursk, Bryansk provinces; in case of absence in other areas also Russians in Samara, Simbirsk and Saratov provinces)
4.1.3.7	Russian Pomors ("seasiders"): Lower Pechora
4.1.3.8	Russians: Olonets province/SE Karelia, southern part of Arkhangelsk province (Shenkur, Kargopol, Konosha districts)
4.2.1.1	Scandinavians: early written sources ("Edda"; Saxo Grammaticus etc.); Gothland picture stones; Ancient Germans (Late Bronze Age in Scandinavia)
4.2.1.2	Norwegians
4.2.1.3	Danes
4.2.1.4	Swedes
4.2.1.6	Faroe Islands
4.2.2.1	Western Sami
4.2.2.2	Eastern Sami (including Inari, Skolts)
4.2.2.4	Ingrians
4.2.3.1	Finns
4.2.3.2	Karelians
4.2.3.2	Karelians
4.2.4.2	Estonians
4.2.4.3	Setu
4.2.4.5	Lutsi (Ludza)
4.2.5.1	Latvians
4.2.5.2	Lithuanians
4.3.1.1	Komi (Zyrians and Permyaks)
4.3.1.2	Udmurt
4.3.2.1	Mari (Cheremis)
4.3.2.2	Mordvins
4.3.2.3	Chuvash
4.3.3.1	Kazan (Middle Volga) Tatars
4.3.3.2	Bashkirs
5.1.1.1	Kalmyk
5.1.2.1	Crimea Tatars, Karaims
5.1.2.2	Urums, Rumei
5.1.3.1	Abkhaz
5.1.3.2	Abaza (Abazins)
5.1.3.3	Cherkassians, Adyghe, Kabardin
5.1.4.1	Karachays, Balkar
5.1.4.2	Ossetians
5.1.5.1	Stavropol Turkmen (recent migrants from Mangyshlak Peninsular)
5.1.5.2	Nogai
5.1.5.3	Kumyk, Terekemen
5.1.6.1	Ingush
5.1.6.2	Chechens
5.1.7.1	Avar, Andi, Karata, Akhvakh
5.1.7.3	Dargin (Dargwa), incl. Müregin, Khürkilin, Kubachi
5.1.7.4	Laks
5.1.7.5	Lezgians, Archin, Kürin; Khinalug
5.1.7.6	Rutul, Tsakhur
5.1.7.7	Tabasaran, Aghul
5.1.7.9	Tats
5.2.1.1	Georgians
5.2.1.2	Mingrelians (Megrelians), Laz
5.2.2.1	Armenians
5.2.2.2	Azeris (Azerbaijanis)
5.2.2.3	Anatolia Turks
5.2.2.4	Talysh
5.2.2.5	Kurds
5.2.2.6	Zaza (western Kurds)
5.3.2.2	Arabs of Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan); Bedouins of Sinai
5.3.2.3	Arabs of Iraq
5.3.2.4	Saudi Arabia
5.3.2.7	Nawar (Zutt)
5.3.3.1	Yemen
5.3.3.2	Mehri; Harsusi, Jibbali (Shahri, Shauri), Hobyot
5.3.3.3	Soqotri
5.4.2.1	Persians
5.4.2.10	Turkmen
5.4.2.11	Luri, Bakhtiari
5.4.2.12	Parachi, Ormur
5.4.2.14	Farsiwans
5.4.2.3	Tajik
5.4.2.4	Highland Tajik
5.4.2.5	Baluch
5.4.2.6	Pashto
5.4.2.7	Bukhara Arabs
5.4.2.8	Uzbek
5.4.2.9	Khwarezm Uzbek; Turkic written tradition from Kök Orda
5.4.3.1	Yagnobi
5.4.3.2	Rushani, Shughni, Khufi, Bartangi
5.4.3.3	Yazgulami
5.4.3.4	Sarikoli
5.4.3.5	Wakhi, Ishkashimi (including Sanglich), Munji
5.4.4.1	Kafir, or Nuristani: Prasun; Kati (incl. Paruni), Ashkun (Ashunu), Waigali
5.4.4.3	Burusho (Hunza)
5.5.1.1	Kazakh
5.5.1.2	Kara Kalpak
5.5.1.3	Kirghiz
5.5.2.1	Uyghur
5.5.2.2	Yugur (Sarïg Yogïr, Yellow Uyghur)
5.5.2.3	Dungan of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan
5.5.2.5	Salars
5.5.2.6	Hui of Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Qinghai (rare Hui texts from Southern and Eastern China are clustered with the Chinese ones)
5.6.1.1	Indian literary tradition (Vedic, Brahman, Purana, Indian Buddhism, Hinduism, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Panchtantra, Jatakas); iconography of Hindu temples
5.6.2.1	Hindi-speaking peoples and casts (incl. Teli, Parahiya; incl. Chhattisgarhi) of Northern and West-Central India
5.6.2.1	Hindi-speaking peoples and casts (incl. Teli, Parahiya; incl. Chhattisgarhi) of Northern and West-Central India
5.6.2.10	Sindhi
5.6.2.11	Gujarati
5.6.2.12	Marathi (incl. Bhamta; incl. Mumbai area)
5.6.2.14	Bengali, Maithili
5.6.2.15	Assamese
5.6.2.16	Konkani (including local component in Goa folklore)
5.6.2.17	Sinhalese; Vedda
5.6.2.22	Dogri
5.6.2.6	Warli
5.6.2.7	Nepali; Tharu
5.6.2.8	Kashmiri
5.6.3.1	Telugu (incl. Yanadi, Chenchu)
5.6.3.3	Kannada, Lingayat, Halakki
5.6.3.4	Tamil, Muthuvan, Marvar
5.6.3.5	Nilgiri Hills: Toda, Kota, Kurumba (Kuruba), Badaga, Maravar, Pulaya, Adiya, Kadar, Irula
6.1.1.1	Santali, Turi, Mahli
6.1.1.11	Gutob (Gadaba)
6.1.1.3	Northern Munda of Kharwar branch: Birhor, Ho, Mundari, Kol, Asur (including Agaria, Kol, Birjhia), Bhumij
6.1.1.4	Bhuiya (now Aryans, originally Munda; Rahman 1955: 203), Baiga, Bhaina, Bhumia (subgroup of Baiga, incl Bharia, formerly Munda, now speak Indo-Aryan languages of neighboring groups)
6.1.1.7	Bondo, Didayi (Gata')
6.1.2.1	Oraon (Kurukh)
6.1.2.2	Kond (Khond, Kondh; language is Kui, incl Kuttia, Konda-Dora), Koya; Pengo
6.1.2.3	Gondi (mostly Northern Gondi)
6.1.2.5	Maria, Muria, and other South-Central Dravidians: Binjhwar, Baсор, Bhattra, Bom, Jhoria (=Jhodia), Gadaba (in Koraput, neighbors of Munda-speaking Gadaba), Duruwa (Parji), Mehtar; Pardhan
6.1.2.5	Maria, Muria, and other South-Central Dravidians: Binjhwar, Baсор, Bhattra, Bom, Jhoria (=Jhodia), Gadaba (in Koraput, neighbors of Munda-speaking Gadaba), Duruwa (Parji), Mehtar; Pardhan
6.2.1.1	Central Tibetans (Yu Tsang, incl. Sikkim Tibetans, Tichurong of NW Nepal)
6.2.1.2	NE Tibetans (Amdo)
6.2.1.5	Western Tibetans (Ladakh, Spiti)
6.2.2.1	Lepcha
6.2.2.2	Kirati (Kiranti): Rai (incl Thulung), Limbu, Newar
6.2.2.3	Mustang
6.2.2.4	Khasi
6.2.2.8	Bhutan
6.2.3.1	Eastern Arunachal Pradesh: Abor (incl Minyong, Shimong, Padam, Pasi, Panggi), Apa Tani (Apatani), Bori, Bugun, Dafla (=Nyishi, Nisi, Nishing, incl Tagin), Gallong (=Galo, Adi), Mishmi
6.2.3.2	SW Arunachal Pradesh: Sherdukpen, Tawang (Monpas), Aka (Hrusso), Miji
6.2.3.3	Chin-Naga: Ao, Mao, Sema, Zeme, Liangmai, Kolren, Kom, Lhota, Rengma, Angami, Kabui, Tangkhul, Koirenf
6.2.3.4	Northern Naga: Konyak (incl. Tangsa), Lungshang, Wancho, Nokte, Moclum, Lunshan, Chang, Maring, Naga of Myanmar
6.2.3.5	Garo (Atchik), Kachari (Bodo, incl. Lalung), Dimasa, Tripuri, Riang (of Tripura), Khami, Riga, Mori
6.2.4.1	Kachin (Jingpho), Chak, Maru
6.3.1.1	Burmese, Intha
6.3.1.2	Karen, Pa-O, Padaung, Kayah
6.3.1.3	Shan
6.3.1.6	Thai of Vietnam, Tai Lue, Khao (Kho, Tai Don, White Tai), Tai Dam (Black Tai), Nung; Buyi; Shui
6.3.1.6	Thai of Vietnam, Tai Lue, Khao (Kho, Tai Don, White Tai), Tai Dam (Black Tai), Nung; Buyi; Shui
6.3.1.7	Arakan, Chakma, Khyang
6.3.1.8	Zhuang, Dong, Dai
6.3.1.9	Khamti, Ahom
6.3.2.1	Khmer
6.3.2.10	Viet, Muong
6.3.2.5	Mon
6.3.2.7	Palaung (De Ang, Deang)
6.3.2.8	Wa (incl Kawa), Bulang
6.3.2.9	Tjam, Ede, Jörai (Jarai)
6.4.2.1	Malay; Temuan (incl Mantra or Mentra), Jakun (Moken)
6.4.3.3	Minangkabau; Kerinci
6.4.3.4	Lampung (Lampong); South Sumatra Malays (incl. Bengkulu)
6.4.3.7	Mentawai
6.4.4.1	Ot Danum, Ngaju, Maanyan (Ma'anyan)
6.4.4.2	Kayan, Bahau, Kenja, Aoheng, Punan (Bukat, Basap, Oloh Ot, etc); "Klemantan"
6.4.4.3	Dusun, Murut, Kelabit, Tombonuwo, Bajau, Tidong, Rungus
6.4.4.4	Bidayuh (incl. Maloh), Iban (Sea Dayak), Sakarram; Brunei
6.4.4.4	Bidayuh (incl. Maloh), Iban (Sea Dayak), Sakarram; Brunei
6.4.5.1	Yavanese, Kalang, Madura
6.4.6.1	Minahasa (incl. Tondano, Tentemboan), Bantik
6.4.6.2	Toraja (Toradja), To Mori, Barée (=Eastern Toraja)
6.4.7.1	Northern Luzon: Apayao, Bontoc, Nabaloi (Ibaloi), Ifugao, Igorot (highland people, not specified), Ilocan, Ilongot, Isneg, Kalinga, Kankanay, Tingian (Tinggian, Bilongan Itneg); Ibanag, Kasiguran Agta, Keley-i Kallahan
6.4.7.4	Central islands and Bikol: Visaya, Mansaká, Bikol, Mangyan, Panayan, Sulod, Cebuano (Cebu), Capiz, Romblomanon, Manuyu
6.4.7.5	Mindanao: Blaan (Bilaan), Bagobo, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Hiligáynon, Binukid, Magindaan (=Magindanao: main Muslim population), Mandaya, Mansaka, Manobo (Agusan, Ata, Dibabawon, Sarangani, Ilianen), Maranao, Subanon (=Subanun), Subanen, Tboli
6.4.7.6	Sulu: Mapun, Samal, Sama, Taosug (Tausug), Badjaw
6.4.8.1	Sumbawa (incl Dongo)
6.4.8.10	Northern Halmahera Papuans: Galela, Loda, Pagu, Modole, Tabaru (Tobaru), Tobelo, Tidore, Ternate
6.4.8.13	Numfoor, Warope, Wamesa (Wandamen, Windesi)
6.4.8.4	Timor: Amarasi, Tetum, Meto, Atoni (incl Mollo), Kédang (Lomblen island), Leti Islands (Leti, Moa, Lakor)
6.4.8.8	Alor, Solor, Wetar, Atauru
6.4.8.9	Sangir Islands
6.4.8.9	Sangir Islands
7.1.6.2	Southern Solomons: southern part of Santa Ysabel (Bughotu), Guadalcanal, San Cristobal, Malaita (Kwaio people), Ulawa
7.2.1.5	Tonga
7.2.1.6	Rotuma
7.2.3.3	Southern Cook Islands: Mangaia, Rarotonga, Atiu, Iatutakim Pukapuka, Tubuai (=Austral Islands, incl Rapa)
7.2.5.2	Ulithi, Ngulu
7.2.5.3	Ifaluk, Woleai, Lamutrek, Faraulip Satawal, Elato, Western Fayu
7.2.5.4	Truk, Eastern Fayu, Losap, Pulap, Puluwat, Mortlock (incl. Satawan)
9.1.1.1	Southern Altai: Altai proper (Altai-Kiji), Telengit
9.1.1.2	Southern Altai: Teleut
9.1.1.3	Northern Altai: Chelkan, Kumanda, Tubalar
9.1.1.3	Northern Altai: Chelkan, Kumanda, Tubalar
9.1.1.4	Siberian Tatars
9.1.2.1	Shor
9.1.2.2	Khakas
9.1.2.3	Chulym Turks
9.1.3.1	Tuvinians of Tuva
9.1.3.2	Tuvinians of Southern Altai
9.1.3.3	Tofa (Karagas)
9.1.4.1	Buryats: Western (Cis-Baikal)
9.1.4.2	Buryats: Eastern (Trans-Baikal, Mongolia and Inner Mongolia)
9.1.5.1	Darkhad
9.1.5.2	Oirats (incl Torgouts, Derbets, Oilots)
9.1.5.3	Mongols (Khalkha)
9.1.5.4	Daur (Daghur)
9.1.5.7	Mongols of Inner Mongolia
9.10.1.1	Nanai
9.10.1.2	Olcha (Ulch)
9.10.1.3	Udeghe
9.10.1.4	Oroch
9.10.2.1	Nivkh
9.2.1.1	Mansi
9.2.2.1	Kets
9.2.2.3	Southern Selkups
9.2.3.1	Tundra Nenets
9.2.3.2	Forest Nenets
9.2.3.2	Forest Nenets
9.3.1.1	Central Yakuts (Sakha)
9.3.1.2	Dolgans
9.3.2.2	Sym Tungus/Evenki
9.3.2.3	Baikal RegionTungus/Evenki
9.3.3.1	Tungus.Evenki) of Russian Far East
9.3.3.1	Tungus.Evenki) of Russian Far East
9.3.4.1	Evens (Lamuts)