Kayan, Bahau, Kenja, Aoheng, Punan (Bukat, Basap, Oloh Ot, etc); "Klemantan"



Tradition title rus: 
Группа каян-бахау-кенья (вкл аохенг); пунан (вкл Bukat, Basap, Oloh Ot и др); "клемантан" (сборная группа).
Areal ID: 
6.4.4.2
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
53.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
41.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a36


Name_eng: 
The immortal Moon
Description: 

The Moon, unlike people, revives or rejuvenates every month; or those who live in the Moon are immortal; or the Moon makes decision if people should die forever or regularly revive




Motif

b3a


Name_eng: 
Primeval waters
Description: 

Water is the original element, the dry earth appears later




Motif

b3b


Name_eng: 
Earth grows big
Description: 

Original earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance




Motif

b3d


Name_eng: 
Earth from worm’s excrements
Description: 

A worm obtains the earth (from the underworld), it emerges from the worm's excrements, is extracted from inside of the worm




Motif

b17


Name_eng: 
Night in container
Description: 

Darkness is a particular object that can be carried (usually brought from its original owner in a container)




Motif

b19


Name_eng: 
The night and the married life
Description: 

People had trouble making love before night came into being




Motif

b38


Name_eng: 
The ruined painting
Description: 

Person paints birds or animals or they paint each other. Some of them are not satisfied with the result




Motif

b38a


Name_eng: 
Two birds decorate each other
Description: 

Two birds decorate each other, one becomes worse than it was before




Motif

b55


Name_eng: 
Leaves are fish
Description: 

Fish grows on branches of a tree or leaves of a tree turn into fish




Motif

b86


Name_eng: 
Babylonian tower
Description: 

To reach the sky (the Sun, Moon, particular star), people build a ladder or tower that consists of separate modules (bricks, logs, sticks, etc.). This construction collapses




Motif

e5b


Name_eng: 
First couple from the underworld
Description: 

First man (a group of brothers) or first human couple come out from the underworld (a cave) or from a small enclosure on its surface (tussock, reed, tree, rock, gourd)




Motif

e5c


Name_eng: 
People from the sky
Description: 

The first people or first anthropomorphic divine beings descend to earth from the sky.




Motif

e32


Name_eng: 
People born from trees
Description: 

First people are born by trees or come out of a tree, flower, reed




Motif

f49


Name_eng: 
The abnormal birth
Description: 

Cesarean operation upon a woman at childbirth as a custom




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

g12b


Name_eng: 
Star-person gives plants
Description: 

Star-person is a giver of cultivated plants




Motif

h9


Name_eng: 
Strong and weak
Description: 

People are mortal because they have been likened to something subject to decay and easy destruction (e.g. to the soft wood and not to the stone)




Motif

h9b


Name_eng: 
Children as shoots of plants
Description: 

People are likened to plants which are mortal but revive in their offsets




Motif

h24


Name_eng: 
Container opened too early
Description: 

Container with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear




Motif

h36e


Name_eng: 
Death and the rat
Description: 

Rat is responsible for introduction of permanent death




Motif

i16


Name_eng: 
Body anomalies of the first people
Description: 

First human beings have no mouth, anus or genitals, their women do not know how to give birth




Motif

i55


Name_eng: 
Stars are openings
Description: 

Stars are openings in the firmament; holes in dwelling's covering are thought to be stars




Motif

i71


Name_eng: 
Stars are roots
Description: 

Stars are roots of the plants which grow in the upper world




Motif

k19a


Name_eng: 
Star-wife
Description: 

A man maries a star-woman




Motif

k24


Name_eng: 
Stolen clothes of supernatural woman
Description: 

Women who possess supernatural power and usually come from a non-human world (from sky, from under the water, they are winged beings, bird- or animal-persons) take off their clothes (feather skins and the like) or part of it. Because a man hides the clothes (of one of them), their owner(s) have (has) to marry him or help him




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

k60a


Name_eng: 
How strong are these bonds?
Description: 

Person lets be firmly tied up when another one say that it's only a joke (e.g. a test to see can the first one break bonds)




Motif

k74


Name_eng: 
Hero, his companions and a dwarf
Description: 

The hero and his companion or companions live together. Every morning one stays at home while another or others go to hunt, etc. A demonic person comes, eats up all the food and beats the cook. Or the man who remained at home comes to the demon himself in search of fire and is maltreated by him. The hero kills or neutralizes the demon




Motif

l107


Name_eng: 
The ear-sleepers
Description: 

Anthropomorphic beings have huge ears (use them for blankets, umbrellas, etc.)




Motif

m23


Name_eng: 
Mock plea
Description: 

Person or creature pretends to be afraid of a particular sort of treatment that really cannot do him any harm




Motif

m29v


Name_eng: 
The duiker (mouse-deer) wins thanks to his smartness
Description: 

Being smart and witty, a small ungulate overcomes strong adversaries. The hero is a duiker, a mouse-deer or other small even-toed ungulates that are not very close biologically but look similar. In some publications on African folklore it is difficult to say what species is meant in particular case




Motif

m144


Name_eng: 
The wasp nest as king’s drum
Description: 

One animal person gets to convince another that dangerous or disgusting objects are attractive and delicious (a wasp nest is a drum, a snake is a girdle, a heap of dung is a delicacy, etc.)




Motif

m183


Name_eng: 
A race: one against many
Description: 

Many animals of one species that all look identical together fulfill the task that would be impossible for any of them if he were alone; the competitors believe that the task was fulfilled by only one animal. Usually a slow and a fast animals agree to race. The slow one puts other animals of his species at the finish or along the distance, each one answering the fast one that he is ahead of him. The fast one accepts his loss




Motif

m29w2


Name_eng: 
The tiger is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the tiger suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

b42n


Name_eng: 
Orion is one person
Description: 

Constellation of Orion or the Belt of Orion is identified with only one male person, usually with a warrior or hunter




Motif

b77a


Name_eng: 
Giant pushed the sky up
Description: 

One or several (animal)-persons push sky up to its present height




Motif

b77b


Name_eng: 
Sky touched with a long object
Description: 

The sky rose to its present height and/or the direct relations of the sky deity with the people were broken off when the sky or the deity was touched or struck with a long object (a pestle, a broom, etc.)




Motif

i27


Name_eng: 
Chthonic canine
Description: 

A dog is the lord, guard or guide of/to the land of the dead; or dogs live on the way to the land of the dead




Motif

i55


Name_eng: 
Stars are openings
Description: 

Stars are openings in the firmament; holes in dwelling's covering are thought to be stars




Motif

i71


Name_eng: 
Stars are roots
Description: 

Stars are roots of the plants which grow in the upper world




Motif

k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)


Name_eng: 
Competitions and difficult tasks
Description: 

Person is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life




Motif

k27n


Name_eng: 
Difficult tasks of the in-laws
Description: 

A man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage




Motif

k27n3b


Name_eng: 
Task-giver lives in the sky but is not the Sun, Moon, Thunder or Wind
Description: 

Person who gives difficult tasks or tests to the hero or heroine lives in the sky but is not associated with the Sun, Moon, Thunder or Wind




Motif

g23


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into many objects
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)




Motif

g23a


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into plants
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different plants, mostly edible or cultivated




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

m29k


Name_eng: 
The turtle (tortoise, toad, frog) wins thanks to his smartness
Description: 

Being smart and persistent, the turtle (toad, frog) overcomes strong adversaries




Motif

l19a


Name_eng: 
Beings with even number of heads
Description: 

Beings (any besides birds) with even but not more than ten number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. Beings that with even number of heads named in a row with other multi-headed beings and the highest number is even or bigger than ten are not considered




Motif

g24


Name_eng: 
Food from the sky
Description: 

First seeds (sprouts, tubors) of cultivated plants or of important edible wild plants are brought from the sky (received from the sky-dwellers)




Motif

m187c


Name_eng: 
A crab is a participant of the race
Description: 

A crab participates in the race and wins




Motif

c8


Name_eng: 
The couple of close relations originates the mankind
Description: 

In the beginning of time or after the natural disaster brother and sister, mother and son, or father and daughters are the only human beings. They marry and the present day people are their descendents




Motif

b36a


Name_eng: 
Two creatures decorate each other
Description: 

Two zoomorphic personages decorates each other or somebody decorates each of them




Motif

c8aa


Name_eng: 
Brother and sister beget the people
Description: 

In the beginning of time or after the natural disaster brother and sister are the only human beings. They marry and the present day people are their descendents





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Malay; Temuan (incl Mantra or Mentra), Jakun (Moken)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Chin-Naga: Ao, Mao, Sema, Zeme, Liangmai, Kolren, Kom, Lhota, Rengma, Angami, Kabui, Tangkhul, Koirenf
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Hindi-speaking peoples and casts (incl. Teli, Parahiya; incl. Chhattisgarhi) of Northern and West-Central India
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Papua–New Guinea Southern Lowland Papuan groups (Trans New Guinea and unclassified): Gimi, Kiwai, Bina, Mawabula, Mawatta, Keraki, Gambadi (incl. Kwavaru), Purari River delta, Masingara, Wiram (=Suki), Ngain, Daga, Elema
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Toraja (Toradja), To Mori, Barée (=Eastern Toraja)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Central islands and Bikol: Vizaya, Mansaká, Bikol, Mangyan, Panayan, Sulod, Cebuano (Cebu), Capiz, Romblomanon, Manuyu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Ewe
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Bidayuh (incl. Maloh), Iban (Sea Dayak), Sakarram; Brunei
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Central Vanuatu: Espiritu Santo, Araki, Aore, Maewo, Malekula, Vao, Efate (Vate), Shepherd Islands, Nguna, Mae, Ambrim, Pentecost, Oba (=Aoba, East Ambae, Lepers'), Omba

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Lisu, Achang, Taunyo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Toraja (Toradja), To Mori, Barée (=Eastern Toraja)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Estonians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Poles
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Lithuanians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Viet, Muong
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Northern Halmahera Papuans: Galela, Loda, Pagu, Modole, Tabaru (Tobaru), Tobelo, Tidore, Ternate
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Mentawai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Hungarians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Finns