Warao



Tradition title rus: 
Варрау
Areal ID: 
15.2.2.1
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
197.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
109.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a3Male sun and female moonThe Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male
a31The incestuous Moon As a result of some intimate contacts and/or love affair, the Moon acquires its present appearance (often, the stains on his face) and/or ascends to the sky
a32Figure on lunar discA figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)
a32bThe Moon toadFrog or toad are seen in the moon or the Moon is associated with them
a35Spots on the lunar discDark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure
a5The Sun and the Moon are malesThe Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual
b114Old person turns into anteaterOld man or old woman turns into anteater (origin of anteaters)
b125Animals exchange their organsDuring the time of creation particular species of animals (rare: plants) exchanged certain organs or traits or one animal borrowed an organ from another one but never brought it back. Thence the characteristics of these animals now. In rare cases the back exchange and restoring of the initial situation or the passing of certain organ from one animal to another without compensation are described
b17Night in containerDarkness is a particular object that can be carried (usually brought from its original owner in a container)
b18Light in containerDay light (also warmth, the sun, the moon) is kept as a particular object in a container, under a cover, etc.
b31Women turn into water mammalA woman (usually after a conflict with a man or remaining alone) or a man and a woman (married couple, lovers, brother and sister) turn into water mammals
b34Overtaken by the first nightWhen night escapes from container where it was originally preserved, men surprised by the darkness turn into birds or animals
b36Creatures acquire their physical traitsBirds, fish, reptiles, mammals intentionally or by chance are smeared with colorful substances or divide among themselves parts of somebody's body thus acquiring their present characteristics
b36aTwo creatures decorate each otherTwo zoomorphic personages decorates each other or somebody decorates each of them
b38The ruined paintingPerson paints birds or animals or they paint each other. Some of them are not satisfied with the result
b38bTwo animals decorate each otherTwo mammals or reptiles (or a mammal or raptile and other creature) decorate each other or somebody decorates each of them
b45Marriage of winter and summerA coming of warm (light, abundant, etc.) or cold (dark, barren, etc.) time is related to the marriage of certain person
b55Leaves are fishFish grows on branches of a tree or leaves of a tree turn into fish
b82The white ravenRaven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white
c12bPeople descend from a dogIn the beginning of time or after the flood man marries a bitch. Present people descend from them.
c18Luring out the hidden SunPerson who incarnates or owns the sun hides himself or herself or is hidden. To return or to get heath and light, his or her interest is attracted or diverted by way of singing, dancing, playing music, provocative behavior, offering of unusual gifts, sex or alcohol
c19Acquisition of the sunThe Sun (the day light) that was absent, stolen or hidden appears (again)
d12Food baked in the sunFirst people or inhabitants of a distant country cook food in the sun; or fire owner lies that he or she cooks food in the sun
d1bMale spirit of fireThe fire is personified as an elder man (alone or with his wife, mistress of fire)
d4aTheft of fireFire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before
d4pParrot or parakeet obtains fire Parrot or parakeet steals fire for people. (Australian data not computed because historically definitely unrelated to the Tropical American data)
d5Woman as the owner of the fireFemale person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire
d7Fire and toadFrog or toad possesses the fire, steals it from original owner, tries to extinguish or to save it
e11The burned skinMagic person reveals his true nature and/or remains with the real people after the object responsible for preserving the non-human appearance (usually an animal skin) is destroyed (usually burned)
e15Ducks and canoesPeople learn from aquatic birds how to make canoes or how to paddle; or the first canoe is a transformed bird or is made of bird bones
e16Paddles edgewiseRiding in canoe, people first turn paddles edgewise, then learn the correct way to use them
e1dCanoes of clayFirst canoes were made of unfit materials
e5cPeople from the skyThe first people or first anthropomorphic divine beings descend to earth from the sky.
e6Because of a woman worlds become isolatedWhen a woman of the child-bearing age tries to come from one world to another (e.g. from sky to earth), the communication between the worlds is blocked or broken forever
e7Person stuck in a cosmic holeTo descend from the sky, ascend from the underworld or come out of the cave, people must pass through narrow hole. A person is stuck in the hole blocking forever communication between different parts of the universe
e8People of woodThe first people or (the first) woman (wife of a primeval ancestor) are made of wood
e9The mysterious housekeeperPerson observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one
e9dDog-wifeMan marries a girl who initially has guise of a dog
e9gVulture-wifeMan marries vulture-woman
e9jMonkey-wifeMan marries monkey-woman; supernatural woman takes form of a monkey or the man pretends that the house-keeper is a monkey
e9kSpouse is honey (bee)A man or a woman is incarnation of the honey or a bee-person
f1First woman is a transformed manWoman, female supernatural or animal females are created by changing the sex of a man (or male animals)
f27Girls and the water spiritsFor girls and young women it is dangerous to come near water. Water creatures swallow them or drag away; a girl can die or become pregnant from a spirit; she can trigger a flood (rare: other cataclysm). Water spirits can come themselves to a girl who has her periods
f28bPenis of waxCertain woman masturbates with a penis made of wax, gourd, wood, radish, etc. Usually her husband or male relative smears it with chile; the woman is hurt or killed
f32Tree fruits for a womanBaby child or children who come out of mother's womb and turn themselves into adult men or a snake who lives in her womb climb up a tree and help the woman to gather fruits, bark, edible fungi, etc. Usually the child who is a snake returns to his mother's womb and adult man turns back into a baby; or the girl's love affair with a snake is discovered when her father climbs a tree to gather fruits for her
f34Land animal paramourCertain woman or a group of women takes for a paramour a big land animal. Husbands, brothers or (adoptive) children kill or maim paramour and (sometimes) the woman
f34bThe paramour is not a human beingA girl (a woman, a group of women) intentionally takes a penis-being, a snake, an eel, a lizard, a worm, a big water animal or water monster or a big terrestrial mammal for paramour. People kill or maim the paramour, the woman and/or her progeny or she is transformed herself into an animal. She is blamed for her behavior
f35aFeeding with the kin’s meatPerson does not know that he or she eats or cooks the meat of the member of his or her household (blood relation, more rare a spouse or servant) or serves it to his or her friends, or uses her or his bones for everyday needs, or slowly kills him ort her
f45The AmazonsThere are (or were) women who live apart from men in their own village or villages
f50The often-born childrenChild or children come out of mother's womb and return back
f51The clandestine loverPerson who conceals his or her identity comes to his or her lover (at night). Next time, the lover puts a mark on the stranger's face, body or clothes doing this intentionally (to recognize him or her) or by chance (that leads to the identification)
f5bArtificial bridePerson suffests another a woman but does not have any or does not want to give her. He makes artificial girl (of wood, snow, etc.), sends servant girl instead of his daughter, turns into a woman himself, or recognizes his fault when he feels that it is save to do so
f6Gouged our vaginaWoman has no vagina and it is later made by bird or animal
f64The lecherous parentPerson changes his or (rare) her guise to marry his or her close relative in descending or (rare) ascending line
f64aDescribes future husbandGoing away or pretending to die, a person bids his or her relative to marry another person who resembles him (her) or has some special traits; or he describes a man who should be met as a dear guest; person comes himself unrecognized and is taken for one whom he had described
f65The false burialTo realize his or her secret desire (illicit sex, refusal to share food with relations), person pretends to die and is abandoned at a burial place
f7The underwater-maidenMan takes or attempts to take a wife who is connected with the underwater world (fish, crab, snake, water animal and the like)
f70Potiphar's wife: false accusation of sexual abuseWoman makes vain overtures to young man and/or falsely accuses him of sexual abuse. Her husband believes that the young man is guilty, kills or tries to kill him
f70bRevenge of a rejected womanA woman revenges on a man who rejected her love but necessary not pretends to be an object of sexual harassment from his part
f86Conditional signalPerson summons with a certain signal a non-human being (usually his or her sexual partner or his or her protégé). Another person spies, uses the same signal or pronounces the same words and kills the being who comes to him (or uses this being sexually himself)
f9A dangerous womanFor different reasons, sexual contact with a woman is deadly dangerous for a man
f9aVagina dentataThere are teeth, blades or sharp stones in woman’s genitals, vagina is the biting mouth. (Only texts that are believed to correspond to reality are considered but not anecdotes and jokes)
f9e1Dangerous animal in vaginaWoman is dangerous because biting or stinging animal or animals is (are) inside her genitals (and not only the head of such an animal)
g20Woman turns into plantsFood crops emerge from remains of a woman or girl
g23Alive being turns into many objectsPerson or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)
g24Food from the skyFirst seeds (sprouts, tubors) of cultivated plants or of important edible wild plants are brought from the sky (received from the sky-dwellers)
g9Restored forestPeople fell trees to make a garden. In the morning, the forest is intact again
h11The call of GodPeople become mortal because they do not hear or answer a call of a being who promises them immortality (or do not pronounce his name) or answer a call (pronouns the name) of a being who brings death
h20Fish disperse in the worldAll the fish or (rare) shellfish) was concentrated in one place. Certain person lets it lose or puts it into the rivers or sea
h21Animals or fish kill a childPerson possesses game animals or fish. A boy or a girl knows this secret or is used as a luring device. Another person asks or forces the boy or girl to serve him the same way or the boy himself makes an attempt to hunt or fish. As a result, the boy or girl is killed or carried away by animals or fish
h24Container opened too earlyContainer with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear
h24fMeat in a packagePerson can magically put a lot of meat or fish into a small package or vessel which is easy to carry
h28Plagues from the body of a person or creatureKilled and destroyed (often burned) person or creature (usually ogre, fierce animal, powerful shaman) turns into a multitude of biting insects or into other small molesting creatures
h28aMosquitoes from sparks and smokeA burned person or creature immediately turns into a multitude of mosquitoes or biting flies
h29Origin of foreignersA woman is impregnated by an animal, usually by a snake. People of hostile nation originate or receive their culture from her progeny or from her paramour's relatives
h32aSuperfertility lost: a maltreated wifeSupernatural woman comes to live with humans. Thanks to that, food becomes easily available. She is maltreated, goes away, temporal superfertility is lost forever
h33Walking babiesChildren walked or could walk from the very birth but this ability was lost or never obtained
h37Magic device lost by a failure Magic object, device that makes hunting or fishing easy gets into possession of a person who is unable to operate it or abuses it. The device kills or injures the failure himself, other people and/or disappears
h4The shed skinThose who change their skin become young again
h48Daughters of evil spiritDiseases are sisters (rare: brothers), usually children of evil spirit
h5People and snakesReptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death
h54The eyelids of ViyEyelids (eyelashes, eyebrows) of personage hang long down over his eyes. To make the eyes widely opened, the eyelids (eyelashes, eyebrows) should be propped up with poles, folks, sticks, etc. (rare: cut off)
i115aOrion and the Pleiades as a man and womenOrion and the Pleiades are opposed as a man or men and a woman or women. Orion is usually male
i13aThe horned serpentGiant water-chthonic or sky serpent or dragon has horns or antlers on its head
i14No-anus peoplePerson or creature has no anus opening
i24A snake bridgeSnake, lizard or worm is a bridge or a rope over the river
i24aA snake bridge to the other worldA body of water with the snake-bridge across it separates our world from the other world
i39Rainbow road or bridgeRainbow is a road, a bridge or a ladder
i39aSouls of the dead walk upon the rainbowSouls of the dead walk upon the rainbow to the other world
i43aThe celestial monsterGiant reptilian monster (serpent, more rare fish, chain of fish) extends in the sky and/or supports the sky being associated with Milky Way or the rainbow
i44Chthonic serpentGiant serpent lies on the perimeter of the earth or supports the earth
i62Milky Way is a riverMilky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim
i63Milky Way is a path of tapirMilky Way is a path of tapir, or tapir is seen in the Milky Way
i72Stars are peopleStars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)
i72aStars are children of the Sun and the MoonStars are children of the Moon and/or the Sun
i82bVenus is femaleMorning and/or Evening Star is a female personage
i83The sky of birdsBirds, first of all vultures and eagles, live in the sky, usually at one or more layers of the upper world
i88Animal with many tailsThere is a zoomorphic being with many tails
i8e1Four supports of the worldThe sky or the earth rests upon four or five (cardinal points and the center) supports of any kind (poles, mountains, giants)
i9aZenith and nadirThe zenith and/or nadir are described together with four cardinal directions as the fifth (and the sixth) ones
j1The vengeful heroesPersons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they
j10Insect’s biteA woman loses her way after being bitter by insect (wasp, bee, ant). She accuses her unborn sons of being the cause of the bite and/or slaps herself on her abdomen to punish the sons or to kill the insect. As a consequence her sons are offended and do not show her the correct way anymore
j11Unborn child asks to pick up some flowersA quarrel between a mother and her sons in her womb flares up after they ask her to pick up flowers or fruits (usually the insect bites her when she picks flowers up)
j15Woman gets to dangerous creaturesWalking in search of her husband, boyfriend, kinsmen, shelter woman or girl gets to the house of dangerous creatures where she is injured or killed
j15bWoman gets to a toadSetting off (usually in search of her husband, boyfriend or kinsmen), woman gets to the place of female toad or frog
j2The tree-husbandHusband or lover is a tree (that temporarily turns into a man)
j35Helpful tree-frogA tree-frog kills or neutralizes dangerous person or creature who chases heroes
j42Waters split apartWhen person comes to the water body, waters are split apart so the person reaches the other bank walking on the dry ground
j44The broken bridgePerson or his helper draws his enemies on the unstable bridge and destroys it. The enemies fall into water, into a precipice
j46Enemy drownsAntagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body
j4aRevenge for the death of the motherA woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death
j6Children of murdered woman grow up with her murderersPregnant woman is killed (and eaten up). Twins are cut off from her womb. They should be eaten too but survive, live (unrecognized) in the house of the antagonists and revenge on them
j7The changed signsA woman or a girl is in search of her husband (lover) or kinsmen or a man sets out on a journey to his bride. She (he) loses her (his) way because signs that should direct her or him to the right place had been changed
j8Feathers at the crossroadA woman or a girl is in search of her husband or other person. Bird feathers at the cross-road or near the person's dwelling mark the correct or the wrong way
j9Unborn children talk from the wombA woman is in search of her husband or other person or object. Her unborn children speak from her stomach and shows her the correct way
k10Fight with the monstrous birdMonstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it
k13aPerson with cut off leg ascends to the skyPerson's leg (rare: both legs) is cut, torn, bitten off, injured. He (rare: she) ascends to the sky: to the Moon; turns into the Moon, Sun, star, constellation; blood from the injured leg makes the sky red
k13cOgress’ daughter avenges death of her motherA man marries an ogress' daughter, kills her mother. The wife revenges on him, gets to cut off his leg
k17The ornitomorphic suitorAn ornitomorphic hero impregnates a girl magically or imperceptibly for her
k25Magic wifeA man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k25eMagic wife is an ancestorAll humans, members of a particular ethnic or social group or a ruling dynasty are believed to descend from a mortal man and a woman of supernatural origin
k26A hole in the firmamentFinding a hole in the ground or making it, person gets to see below another world. Usually the earth is seen from the sky
k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)Competitions and difficult tasksPerson is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life
k27hTo represent the head that is permanently concealedThe hero has to carve the representa-tion of the head of a person who never opens his face. Usually such a representation decorates the wooden bench
k27iTask: to dry a body of waterA task: to dry a body of water
k27nDifficult tasks of the in-lawsA man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage
k27n3bTask-giver lives in the sky but is not the Sun, Moon, Thunder or WindPerson who gives difficult tasks or tests to the hero or heroine lives in the sky but is not associated with the Sun, Moon, Thunder or Wind
k44False mother rejectedA demonic or animal person steals a boy and pretends to be his real mother or father. The boy gets to know the truth, leaves the false parent
k44aFrog pretends to be motherAn amphibian (frog, toad, rare newt) steals or finds a boy, lies him that she is his real mother
k45Sedna (fingers cut off)A man rides away from a woman or girl in a boat (on raft, sledge). When she tries to snatch a border of the boat (raft, sledge), he cuts her fingers off
k45bWoman turns into water animalA man and a woman of different generations (the father and the daughter, the son and the mother) get into conflict which results in the woman's transformation into the sea mammal. the sovereign of the sea mammals or into the frog (toad)
k56aThe unworthy girl fails, the worthy one succeedsTwo or three sisters are sent in succession to powerful person. The first or the first and the second sister behave in a wrong way, perish or do not succeed. The last one behaves correctly, gets a reward
k86Weeping child stolenBecause a small child is ignored or punished by its parents (usually it cries late in the evening), bush spirit or animal carries it away
k87Marriage with an animal creates problemsA woman becomes the wife of an animal (rare: other non-human being). Her husband cares for her but ultimately the animal, the woman, her children or her relations are killed, she turns into an animal herself, animals and humans become enemies, etc.
k87a1Baby passed to the demon’s handsMother of a baby child is asked by demonic woman to give her the baby for a short while or the demon imperceptibly replaces another person who must take the baby. As soon as the demon gets the baby she carries it away to her place
k8aJonah: swallowed by monsterPerson gets into the belly of water being or into the belly of giant creature which appearance and living place remain vague. He kills the monster from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)
l11Turtle-benchIn a non-human world objects of everyday life have appearance of animals and monsters, mainly fish, amphibians and reptiles
l13The reared up monsterA small creature is reared up by people. When it is grown up, it becomes harmful and dangerous
l14Reared up serpentA small creature (often a worm or a reptile) is brought home and reared up or it becomes to live by itself in an artificial body of water. When big, it goes out of human control or becomes something huge and/or dangerous. Cf. motif L13A (The reared up monster attacks people)
l15aVulnerable place on the bodyThe only vulnerable spot is near the surface of person’s or creature’s body and not in his inner organs
l15bTo kill with a reedPerson can be killed only with a particular plant that normally is not used as a weapon
l18Multi-headed birdA bird with two or more heads on top of one body is described in tales or represented in art
l19aBeings with even number of headsBeings (any besides birds) with even but not more than ten number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. Beings that with even number of heads named in a row with other multi-headed beings and the highest number is even or bigger than ten are not considered
l19bBeings with odd number of headsBeing (any besides birds) with more than ten heads or with odd (but more than one) number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. If beings with ever more number of heads are named, the row ends with a being that has odd (or more than ten) number of heads
l20Eater of the raw meatTwo persons hunt or fish. One of them is or becomes a cannibal. He or she reveals his or her nature eating the quarry raw
l22The sound sleepAfter breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep. They do not feel when at night spirits come and injure or kill them
l22aPeople become blindAfter breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep and awake blind
l24Monsters suffocatedDemons (or one of them) attack people and return to their den (usually a cave or tree hollow). People make suffocating fire around the den killing most or all of the demons
l3Husband turns into demonA demon takes appearance of a man and comes to his wife or (rare) to other woman. The woman (alone or with her child) runs away and/or kills the monster (herself or with somebody's help)
l32Gluttonous stoneStone swallows, bites or transforms people
l36Woman attacks man who climbs a treeWhen a man climbs a tree (escaping from persecutor; to get bird nestlings, honey, fruits, etc.), his wife (rare: her brother) kills, injures him or turns into demonic creature who pursues him
l38Demon’s trapA demon puts a trap to catch people, hero gets into it
l39Hero is compelled to descend from a treeWhen a person climbs a tree, a demon comes to it and carries the person away, or the person follows the demon to his world by his own will
l40Reflection and shadowPerson discovers (rare:still fails to discover) another getting to see his or her shadow or reflection in water
l41Hero escapes on the wayAn ogre or ogress catches a person and carries his or her prey home but the person escapes on the way or immediately after reaching the ogre's house
l42Hero carried to ogre’s homeAn ogre or ogress catches a person and brings him to his or her home where he or she plans to cook and eat him. The hero escapes
l44aGive me your liverA man hides in a shelter. An ogre wants him to give certain parts of his body. The man gives the ogre instead parts of the body of a killed animal. The ogre does not understand the deceit, gives in response parts of his own body and dies
l46Head downwardPerson ascends, descends, walks head downward or sees the world upside down
l47Enemy moves backward and diesHero's enemy ascends a tree or rock head downward or walks backward letting the hero better possibility to kill him or to escape
l48Demons devour their comradesA man kills (usually in a tree, on a rock, at the edge of a well, of a precipice) and/or throws down one of his enemies. The other enemies do not recognize their comrade and think that their prey is falling down
l55Monster killed with hot liquidTo kill a dangerous animal or monster, acrid or hot liquid (boiling water, resin, soup, etc.) is poured into one of his body orifices
l56Fire in monster’s bellyA monster or a big animal dies when fire is kindled in its belly
l5cRolling head is a dangerous monsterRolling head is a dangerous mobster (pursues celestial bodies, people etc.)
l6Demon clings to personA demonic being demands that a person would carry it permanently, clings to his shoulder or back
l65b3The escape on the treePersons climbs a tree and thanks to this escapes from a demon (who usually tries to fell the tree)
l68Two companions in the nightPerson turns into monster at night when he remains alone with his companion in the wilderness
l7Chasing an animal by mistakeInstead of chasing a person, a bush spirit, a monster or a dangerous animal follows by mistake an object or animal that moves nearby
l70Fruit falls and killsPerson or animal is killed or injured with a heavy object dropped from a tree (or rock, etc.). The person or the animal knows that the objects will fall but has falls ideas about its character and weight
l72The obstacle flightRunning away from a dangerous being, person throws small objects behind him or her which turn into mighty obstacles on the way of the pursuer
l78Toad-jaguarMixed traits of toad and jaguar in iconography; a toad or frog transforms into a jaguar; a toad or frog is a jaguar's mother or wife
l82The burned off footIntentionally or not, a man burns his foot or his whole body in a fire, then turns into demon
l84Unfit axesBush spirits and the like try to cut down a tree. The attempt fails because their axes are good for nothing being made of turtle shells, clay, etc.
l9Sharp body membersBody members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon
l9aSharp legPerson's leg is injured intentionally or by chance. The loss of one leg does not bother him. He uses the sharpened bone as a thrust weapon
m10A girl and a honeyA girl or a woman who was stuck in a tree-hollow when she tried to extract honey or who was greedily sucking honey otherwise, dies or turns into the honey or into the bee
m11The unclean foodPerson feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food
m14aRoasted aliveTo revenge on his wife and her kinsfolk, a man roasts her alive
m183A race: one against manyMany animals of one species that all look identical together fulfill the task that would be impossible for any of them if he were alone; the competitors believe that the task was fulfilled by only one animal. Usually a slow and a fast animals agree to race. The slow one puts other animals of his species at the finish or along the distance, each one answering the fast one that he is ahead of him. The fast one accepts his loss
m23Mock pleaPerson or creature pretends to be afraid of a particular sort of treatment that really cannot do him any harm
m28Icarus (failed attempt to fly on artificial wings)Acquiring possibility to fly, person ultimately falls to the ground or remains in a faraway place being unable to fly any more
m29gTrickster-hare or rabbitIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is hare or rabbit
m29kThe turtle (tortoise, toad, frog) wins thanks to his smartnessBeing smart and persistent, the turtle (toad, frog) overcomes strong adversaries
m29k1 Not used in statisticsThe turtle (toad, frog) is a tricky failureA turtle (tortoise, toad, frog) behaves foolishly creating serious problems for himself
m29oTrickster is a monkeyIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is a monkey
m29wJaguar (ocelote, puma) is a failureBecause of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the jaguar (ocelote, puma) suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m30Trickster falls downPerson or creature who has no wings or is unable to fly on a long distance attempts to ascend to the sky or to fly far away but falls down or, deprived of his wings, remains in a place from which he is unable to return
m5Provoked insultBeing in a situation when his life depends on a good will of a demon or animal, person either resists or does not resist the temptation to insult or to beat, bite, etc. the latter
m56aAlligator’s secretA man or an animal beats alligator but it remains unharmed and says that he would be killed if stricken in one special place on his body. The next time the same person strikes alligator this way and kills it
m72Hand in animal’s anusPerson puts (for different reasons) his or her hand into the anus of a tapir or other herbivorous animals and is unable to extract it back. Animal starts to run and drags the person behind him for a long time
m73Exchanged excrements or vomits: who is strongerTwo (animal) persons compare their feces or vomits to know about the diet and habits of each other (who is the strongest). The weaker one gets to exchange the feces (vomits)
m73aExchanged excrementsTwo (animal) persons compare their feces (with different purpose). One of them gets to exchange them
m75Valuables taken off the vulturesPerson attracts and catches the carrion-eaters (usually some birds) and thanks to this obtains valuables retrieves valuables (fire, woman, animals, etc.)
m76Person climbs a tree, leg is cut offWhen a man climbs a tree, a woman cuts his leg off or when a woman climbs a tree, a man cuts her leg off
m8Breaking the obstacleNon-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object
m89Melted waxPerson dies or is humiliated after some object that he or she made of wax, resin, excrements and/or took for something worthy are melted down
m9Stuck in a tree hollowPerson who puts her or his head or hand into a tree hollow or (rare) other hole is stuck fast in it or falls into the hollow and dies or undergoes a metamorphosis
m9aTransformed into tree-frogPerson who sucks honey greedily from a tree hollow and/or is stuck in it turns into tree-frog


Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Kuna; XVI century data on Eastern Panama
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Caribou
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Amahuaca, Cashinahua, Sharanahua, Yaminahua, Yawanahua, Capanahua)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Tupari, Makurap, Sakirap, Ajuru (Wayoro)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Netsilik
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Tacana
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Iglulik
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Polar Inuit
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Locono
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Nootka (Nu-chah-nulth), Makah

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Guiana Kariña, Kaliña, Galibi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Orinoco Kariña, Yaruri, Tamanak
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Pemon: Arekuna (incl. Kamarakoto), Taulipang (Taurepan)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Locono
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Macuxi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Wapishana (incl Ataroi); Mapidian; Taruma
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Suruí, Gaviâo, Zoro, Arua, Cinta Larga
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Wayapi, Emerillon
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Wayana, Aparai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Rikbaktsa