Macuxi



Tradition title rus: 
Макуши
Areal ID: 
15.2.3.8
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
100.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
51.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a18


Name_eng: 
The Sun boat
Description: 

During the day and/or the night (in the underworld, beyond the horizon etc.) the Sun and/or the Moon regularly travel in a boat.




Motif

b3a


Name_eng: 
Primeval waters
Description: 

Water is the original element, the dry earth appears later




Motif

b3b


Name_eng: 
Earth grows big
Description: 

Original earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance




Motif

b9


Name_eng: 
Water in the tree trunk
Description: 

There is enormous amount of water inside a trunk of a tree or a tree turns into water




Motif

b14


Name_eng: 
To regulate the river current, person creates rapids and falls
Description: 

Person creates river rapids




Motif

b42n


Name_eng: 
Orion is one person
Description: 

Constellation of Orion or the Belt of Orion is identified with only one male person, usually with a warrior or hunter




Motif

b59


Name_eng: 
A group of dancers ascends to the sky
Description: 

A group of people (usually children, brothers or sisters) play, dance, ascend to the sky and turn into Pleiades or other compact constellation




Motif

b60


Name_eng: 
Offended children abandon parents
Description: 

Children conflict with their parents who do not pay them enough attention, condemn their sexual behavior, do not give them enough food, clothes, etc.; the children abandon their parents and become birds, bats, atmospheric phenomena, or stars (usually the Pleiades)




Motif

b82


Name_eng: 
The white raven
Description: 

Raven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white




Motif

c4


Name_eng: 
The flood: fruits fall from a tree
Description: 

During the flood or in the beginning of times fruits, seeds or other objects are dropped into water one by one, usually by a person who has climbed a tree. As far as the objects fall, water recedes and the dry land appears




Motif

c5a


Name_eng: 
Bird-scouts
Description: 

Birds or humans later changed to birds are sent to explore the earth (is it dry, are any survivals, to investigate why smoke rises to the sky, etc.) or to bring some soil to make the land that would be good for living




Motif

c6


Name_eng: 
Valuables brought from the lower world
Description: 

Persons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)




Motif

c6f


Name_eng: 
Diving for drowned person
Description: 

Persons or animals dive to get from under the water a drowned person or creature or part of its body




Motif

c19


Name_eng: 
Acquisition of the sun
Description: 

The Sun (the day light) that was absent, stolen or hidden appears (again)




Motif

c23


Name_eng: 
Tree eclipses sky-light
Description: 

Growth and falling of giant tree defines the condition of the sky with luminaries on it (tree eclipses the light of the sun, can destroy the sky, tears the sun off the sky, etc.)




Motif

d5


Name_eng: 
Woman as the owner of the fire
Description: 

Female person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire




Motif

d7


Name_eng: 
Fire and toad
Description: 

Frog or toad possesses the fire, steals it from original owner, tries to extinguish or to save it




Motif

e1b


Name_eng: 
Person of unfit materials
Description: 

Certain person is made of improper material and proves to be short-lived or unfit for fulfilling his functions




Motif

e8


Name_eng: 
People of wood
Description: 

The first people or (the first) woman (wife of a primeval ancestor) are made of wood




Motif

e9k


Name_eng: 
Spouse is honey (bee)
Description: 

A man or a woman is incarnation of the honey or a bee-person




Motif

e20


Name_eng: 
Fish poison person
Description: 

Entering water, certain person makes fish die. From parts of his body or from his grave grows plant used to prepare fish poison (timbo)




Motif

e21


Name_eng: 
Avenged victim of water creatures
Description: 

Child fishes with poison or his or her body produces fish poison. Fish or water snake kills him or her. The perished child is avenged




Motif

f5b


Name_eng: 
Artificial bride
Description: 

Person suffests another a woman but does not have any or does not want to give her. He makes artificial girl (of wood, snow, etc.), sends servant girl instead of his daughter, turns into a woman himself, or recognizes his fault when he feels that it is save to do so




Motif

f6


Name_eng: 
Gouged our vagina
Description: 

Woman has no vagina and it is later made by bird or animal




Motif

f38


Name_eng: 
Women and sacred knowledge
Description: 

Women were possessors of the sacred knowledge, sanctuaries or ritual objects which are now taboo for them or they made attempts to acquire such a knowledge or objects




Motif

f45


Name_eng: 
The Amazons
Description: 

There are (or were) women who live apart from men in their own village or villages




Motif

f80


Name_eng: 
Primeval people have no genitals
Description: 

The first men and/or women have no genitals




Motif

f80a


Name_eng: 
Genitals apart from the body
Description: 

Genitals exist by themselves as separate beings, they can be stuck to the human body, remove, etc.




Motif

f88


Name_eng: 
Odor of women
Description: 

Initially women's genitals were fragrant or had no smell. Because of a bad chance they acquire unpleasant odor or do not acquire fragrant odor




Motif

g5


Name_eng: 
Food tree
Description: 

Fruits and shoots of different cultivated plants grow on the branches of one tree (on one vine) or certain plant has a tree form that is alien to it in nature




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

g20


Name_eng: 
Woman turns into plants
Description: 

Food crops emerge from remains of a woman or girl




Motif

g22


Name_eng: 
Frog or toad and plants
Description: 

Frog or toad is related to acquisition of cultivated plants




Motif

g23


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into many objects
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)




Motif

h24


Name_eng: 
Container opened too early
Description: 

Container with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear




Motif

h27


Name_eng: 
Mosquitoes let lose
Description: 

Stinging insects (rare diseases) had been inside a container or some enclosure. They escaped to the world when the container or enclosure was foolishly opened




Motif

i62


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a river
Description: 

Milky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim




Motif

i72


Name_eng: 
Stars are people
Description: 

Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)




Motif

i82a


Name_eng: 
Venus is male
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a male personage




Motif

i82b


Name_eng: 
Venus is female
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a female personage




Motif

i82c


Name_eng: 
Venus is the Moon’s wife
Description: 

Venus or some other bright star seen near the eastern or western horizon is female and wife of the Moon




Motif

i83


Name_eng: 
The sky of birds
Description: 

Birds, first of all vultures and eagles, live in the sky, usually at one or more layers of the upper world




Motif

i99


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are boys or men
Description: 

The Pleiades are a group of boys or men, or a group of different people but predominantly males




Motif

i100b


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a group of people
Description: 

The Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)




Motif

i117


Name_eng: 
Spider ferries from one world to another
Description: 

Spider person raises the hero to the sky, helps him or her to return back to earth or otherwise helps to overcome the borderlines between worlds




Motif

i125


Name_eng: 
The Hiades are a jaw-bone
Description: 

The Hyades are a jaw bone or a head of a big animal or anthropomorphic creature




Motif

j15


Name_eng: 
Woman gets to dangerous creatures
Description: 

Walking in search of her husband, boyfriend, kinsmen, shelter woman or girl gets to the house of dangerous creatures where she is injured or killed




Motif

j15a


Name_eng: 
Woman gets to jaguars
Description: 

Setting off (usually in search of her husband, boyfriend or kinsmen), woman gets to the place of dangerous felines




Motif

j15b


Name_eng: 
Woman gets to a toad
Description: 

Setting off (usually in search of her husband, boyfriend or kinsmen), woman gets to the place of female toad or frog




Motif

k1e


Name_eng: 
Marooned on an islet
Description: 

Person is marooned on an islet or on another side of a sea or wide river




Motif

k13a


Name_eng: 
Person with cut off leg ascends to the sky
Description: 

Person's leg (rare: both legs) is cut, torn, bitten off, injured. He (rare: she) ascends to the sky: to the Moon; turns into the Moon, Sun, star, constellation; blood from the injured leg makes the sky red




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

k27h


Name_eng: 
To represent the head that is permanently concealed
Description: 

The hero has to carve the representa-tion of the head of a person who never opens his face. Usually such a representation decorates the wooden bench




Motif

k27i


Name_eng: 
Task: to dry a body of water
Description: 

A task: to dry a body of water




Motif

k27n


Name_eng: 
Difficult tasks of the in-laws
Description: 

A man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage




Motif

l3


Name_eng: 
Husband turns into demon
Description: 

A demon takes appearance of a man and comes to his wife or (rare) to other woman. The woman (alone or with her child) runs away and/or kills the monster (herself or with somebody's help)




Motif

l22


Name_eng: 
The sound sleep
Description: 

After breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep. They do not feel when at night spirits come and injure or kill them




Motif

l22a


Name_eng: 
People become blind
Description: 

After breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep and awake blind




Motif

l24


Name_eng: 
Monsters suffocated
Description: 

Demons (or one of them) attack people and return to their den (usually a cave or tree hollow). People make suffocating fire around the den killing most or all of the demons




Motif

l29


Name_eng: 
Fish from a forest pool
Description: 

Person catches fish in a place where it ought not live, i.e. in a forest pond or in a tree hollow isolated from other water bodies. After eating he dies, is transformed and/or attacked by monsters




Motif

l39


Name_eng: 
Hero is compelled to descend from a tree
Description: 

When a person climbs a tree, a demon comes to it and carries the person away, or the person follows the demon to his world by his own will




Motif

l42b


Name_eng: 
Credulous children of the ogre
Description: 

An ogre's child or (rare) wife believes in what hero tells him (or her) and releases him. Usually the hero kills the child and puts its meat to cook in the very pot where the ogre planned to cook the hero




Motif

l55


Name_eng: 
Monster killed with hot liquid
Description: 

To kill a dangerous animal or monster, acrid or hot liquid (boiling water, resin, soup, etc.) is poured into one of his body orifices




Motif

l70


Name_eng: 
Fruit falls and kills
Description: 

Person or animal is killed or injured with a heavy object dropped from a tree (or rock, etc.). The person or the animal knows that the objects will fall but has falls ideas about its character and weight




Motif

l78


Name_eng: 
Toad-jaguar
Description: 

Mixed traits of toad and jaguar in iconography; a toad or frog transforms into a jaguar; a toad or frog is a jaguar's mother or wife




Motif

m2


Name_eng: 
Riding down a tree
Description: 

A man descends from top of a tree or rock down a chain of animals or on the back of an animal who climbs or runs down the trunk




Motif

m11a


Name_eng: 
Fish extracted from body
Description: 

Person serves people fish extracted from her or his own body




Motif

m11c


Name_eng: 
Person gets lard from his body
Description: 

A male person cuts or roasts his own body to extract meat, lard or blood, cooks it and serves to his guest without injuring himself. Such a food is not considered to be unclean




Motif

m18


Name_eng: 
Stolen arrows and hooks
Description: 

Person transforms himself into an object of hunting or fishing, provokes hunters of fishermen to catch or shoot him and carries way the tools that they use (arrows, darts, harpoons, hooks, baits). Or he fishes by turning himself into a hook. Or he is caught but escapes turning back into a person




Motif

m18b


Name_eng: 
Getting fishing hook or harpoon
Description: 

Person turns into a fish to steal fishing hook or harpoon or he turns into fishing hook to catch a fish




Motif

m21


Name_eng: 
A protector hides fugitives
Description: 

Person pursued by an enemy asks somebody whom he meets to help him. The helper hides him




Motif

m23


Name_eng: 
Mock plea
Description: 

Person or creature pretends to be afraid of a particular sort of treatment that really cannot do him any harm




Motif

m29l


Name_eng: 
Trickster is an opossum
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is an opossum




Motif

m38


Name_eng: 
Stupid imitation (all versions)
Description: 

Person sees how others act using magic or according to their animal nature. He or she imitates their actions and gets into trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and refer to everyday activity, mostly to providing and cooking food




Motif

m38a1


Name_eng: 
Imitating wife’s kinfolk
Description: 

Person imitates actions of his son- or brothers-in-law or (among Comox and Halcomelem) of his wives




Motif

m43


Name_eng: 
Doll as a decoy
Description: 

To kill or catch a monster, human figure of wood or clay or alive woman is exposed as a bait. Usually monster's claws or sharp leg get stuck in the wood




Motif

m44b


Name_eng: 
Thieves of food: the women
Description: 

Person discovers that somebody steals game or fish from his trap or devastates his garden. He or his guards catch the thieves who prove to be (the first) women or the thief is the water being whom the hero lets go after receiving a woman for ransom




Motif

m73


Name_eng: 
Exchanged excrements or vomits: who is stronger
Description: 

Two (animal) persons compare their feces or vomits to know about the diet and habits of each other (who is the strongest). The weaker one gets to exchange the feces (vomits)




Motif

m107


Name_eng: 
Turtle bites penis off
Description: 

A smaller animal kills or maims a big mammal (jaguar, tapir) biting his penis




Motif

m115


Name_eng: 
The eaten up wolf
Description: 

Using a trick, (animal)-person kills a dangerous animal. Kinsmen and friends of the killed animal get to know about it and come to avenge its death. The person has narrow escape




Motif

m183


Name_eng: 
A race: one against many
Description: 

Many animals of one species that all look identical together fulfill the task that would be impossible for any of them if he were alone; the competitors believe that the task was fulfilled by only one animal. Usually a slow and a fast animals agree to race. The slow one puts other animals of his species at the finish or along the distance, each one answering the fast one that he is ahead of him. The fast one accepts his loss




Motif

k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)


Name_eng: 
Competitions and difficult tasks
Description: 

Person is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life




Motif

k27n3b


Name_eng: 
Task-giver lives in the sky but is not the Sun, Moon, Thunder or Wind
Description: 

Person who gives difficult tasks or tests to the hero or heroine lives in the sky but is not associated with the Sun, Moon, Thunder or Wind




Motif

m29k


Name_eng: 
The turtle (tortoise, toad, frog) wins thanks to his smartness
Description: 

Being smart and persistent, the turtle (toad, frog) overcomes strong adversaries




Motif

m29w


Name_eng: 
Jaguar (ocelote, puma) is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the jaguar (ocelote, puma) suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

j21


Name_eng: 
Birth from eggs
Description: 

Gods, first people or founders of the royal lineages are born from eggs




Motif

k10


Name_eng: 
Fight with the monstrous bird
Description: 

Monstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it




Motif

m73a


Name_eng: 
Exchanged excrements
Description: 

Two (animal) persons compare their feces (with different purpose). One of them gets to exchange them




Motif

m11


Name_eng: 
The unclean food
Description: 

Person feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food




Motif

m7a1


Name_eng: 
Celestial bodies move above the hero
Description: 

Person gets to a place from which he is unable to come out. Several (more than two) different celestial bodies rise and move near him or above him. He puts attention to them (and asks their help)




Motif

m7


Name_eng: 
Hero waiting to be picked up
Description: 

Getting into the lower or upper world, to an island, a country at the horizon, etc. a man is unable to move further and waits for somebody who could bring him to his destination. Some animals, birds or celestial bodies pass by, the last one (often the Sun or the Moon) picks him up and brings to the place he is eager to go




Motif

l135


Name_eng: 
The Traveller
Description: 

Male person leaves his home and gets to unfamiliar places. On his way, he comes across different strange creatures. After all, he returns home or leaves the earth for the other world. (Rather often a long string of episodes breaks off or the story lacks the beginning and does not explain why the hero is travelling)




Motif

e13a


Name_eng: 
Sacred knowledge from under the water
Description: 

Sacred knowledge, objects and rituals are initially obtained from the denizens of the underwater world




Motif

m75


Name_eng: 
Valuables taken off the vultures
Description: 

Person attracts and catches the carrion-eaters (usually some birds) and thanks to this obtains valuables retrieves valuables (fire, woman, animals, etc.)




Motif

j4a


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the mother
Description: 

A woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death




Motif

j1


Name_eng: 
The vengeful heroes
Description: 

Persons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they




Motif

m6b


Name_eng: 
Coming across aguti before reaching home
Description: 

Person who lost his or her way comes across different creatures. When he or she comes to aguti (Dasyprocta), it becomes clear that the home is nearby




Motif

m38a


Name_eng: 
The bungling host
Description: 

Being on a visit to other people or (more often) animals, an (animal)-person sees them act using magic or according to their animal nature. Back at home, he imitates their actions and gets in trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and mostly refer to providing and cooking food




Motif

c4a


Name_eng: 
The flood: survival in a tree
Description: 

During the flood some persons survive in a tree





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Wayana, Aparai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Guiana Kariña, Kaliña, Galibi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Trio
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Yanomamo (Yanoama): Yanomam, Yanomami
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Chayahuita
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Karijona
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Northern Peru: Costa (Spanish speaking communities from Ecuadorian border till Ancash and Huanuco departments included; Moche pre-Columbian iconography; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Ticuna (Tucuna)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kabiyari, Yukuna (Yucuna)

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Pemon: Arekuna (incl. Kamarakoto), Taulipang (Taurepan)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Guiana Kariña, Kaliña, Galibi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Warao
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Wapishana (incl Ataroi); Mapidian; Taruma
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Waiwai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Paresi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Tariana
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Orinoco Kariña, Yaruri, Tamanak
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Siona, Secoya, Coreguaje