Kafir, or Nuristani: Prasun; Kati (incl. Paruni), Ashkun (Ashunu), Waigali



Tradition title rus: 
Кафиры, или нуристанцы: прасун; кати (вкл. паруни), ашкун (ашуну), вайгали
Areal ID: 
5.4.4.1
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
66.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
30.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a3


Name_eng: 
Male sun and female moon
Description: 

The Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male




Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a32i


Name_eng: 
A shepherd in the moon
Description: 

A shepherd or herdsman (alone or with a girl, with his herd, dogs) is seen in the moon




Motif

c19


Name_eng: 
Acquisition of the sun
Description: 

The Sun (the day light) that was absent, stolen or hidden appears (again)




Motif

e32


Name_eng: 
People born from trees
Description: 

First people are born by trees or come out of a tree, flower, reed




Motif

f97


Name_eng: 
The prohibited fruit: origin of sex
Description: 

After eating certain fruit, berry, tuber, etc. people become sexually aware




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

g8


Name_eng: 
Restored tree
Description: 

A deep notch in the tree (or in the sky support) is magically restored as soon as persons or creatures who cut or gnaw it stop working




Motif

g8b


Name_eng: 
Cutting tree to get a person
Description: 

Person hides in a tree. Somebody tries to fell it but the notch disappears and the tree becomes intact




Motif

g29


Name_eng: 
Demon made of artifacts
Description: 

Demonic person turns into or consists of different household objects or tools (and into elements of a landscape)




Motif

h24


Name_eng: 
Container opened too early
Description: 

Container with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear




Motif

i8f


Name_eng: 
One support of the world
Description: 

Only one pole or mountain supports the earth or the sky




Motif

i8g


Name_eng: 
Atlas
Description: 

One giant supports the earth or the sky




Motif

i8i


Name_eng: 
Original earth unstable
Description: 

Originally the earth was unstable and swung, then it was fixed up




Motif

i32


Name_eng: 
Tree of the babies
Description: 

There is (or was) a tree on which souls of still unborn babies grow, which leaves transform into people, or which trunk is covered with female breasts or flowers that innumerable babies are sucking




Motif

i40


Name_eng: 
Rainbow bow
Description: 

Rainbow is a bow




Motif

i46


Name_eng: 
Rainbow belt
Description: 

Rainbow is the ornamented part of the clothes, its decoration, a belt




Motif

i85


Name_eng: 
Polaris is a pole, a nail
Description: 

Polaris is a (tethering) pole or a nail




Motif

i91


Name_eng: 
Water body at the base of a tree
Description: 

There is a source or body of water at the base of a tree which connects layers of the universe and/or has gigantic dimensions and considered to be the main tree of the world




Motif

j51


Name_eng: 
One piece is missing
Description: 

Person or animal is eaten up or destroyed otherwise. His bones are put together and he or it is revived. Because one bone was broken, swallowed or lost (or a drop of blood, a small piece of flesh lost), the person or animal cannot be revived or being revived misses some part of his or its body




Motif

k28


Name_eng: 
Father or uncle is rival and enemy
Description: 

Maternal uncle or father (or grandfather if he replaces father who is not mentioned) of the young man is his rival or enemy and tries to kill him




Motif

k73


Name_eng: 
Children of the youngest wife
Description: 

A young woman promises to bear a wonderful children (wonderful son). In her husband's absence other people (co-wives, mother-in-law, etc.) try to kill the mother and/or the child, usually slandering the young woman




Motif

k81


Name_eng: 
The handless girl
Description: 

For minor offence or because of false accusation a young girl or woman is maimed and expelled from home (rare: killed or she kills herself). The maimed person magically obtains her body integrity (the dead revives)




Motif

k82


Name_eng: 
Evil sister-in-law
Description: 

Wife of a man or wives of a group of brothers envy his (their) sister and tries (try) to destroy her




Motif

k96


Name_eng: 
Fifty sons
Description: 

Many brothers marry or have to marry in such a way that all their wives are (were) sisters




Motif

k106


Name_eng: 
Thrown to cows
Description: 

To get rid of a baby child or of the magic cock, they throw him into enclosure for animals, but cows or other animals do not trample the child or cock down




Motif

k118


Name_eng: 
The prohibited room
Description: 

Master of the house allows person to feel himself (herself) free bit not to look into particular place. The person breaks prohibition




Motif

k133


Name_eng: 
Foam-flecked horse
Description: 

Every morning a horse is exhausted because animals or demonic creatures ride it at night




Motif

l15d


Name_eng: 
The external soul
Description: 

Life of a person or creature is preserved outside of his (her, its) body. Person or creature dies after the corresponding object is destroyed




Motif

l17a


Name_eng: 
Eyes on the back of the head
Description: 

Person or creature has another pair of eyes (or one eye) on the back of his head or (rare) on his back




Motif

l19b


Name_eng: 
Beings with odd number of heads
Description: 

Being (any besides birds) with more than ten heads or with odd (but more than one) number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. If beings with ever more number of heads are named, the row ends with a being that has odd (or more than ten) number of heads




Motif

l53


Name_eng: 
Stones into the maw
Description: 

A monstrous being is killed or neutralized by (burning hot) stones (pieces of metal, heavy fruits, etc.) thrown into its maw or anus or the being retreats when they menace to throw a stone into its maw




Motif

l72


Name_eng: 
The obstacle flight
Description: 

Running away from a dangerous being, person throws small objects behind him or her which turn into mighty obstacles on the way of the pursuer




Motif

l94


Name_eng: 
Child promised to demon
Description: 

A demon helps a man or a woman or lets him or her free. As a reward, the person is forced to promise to give the demon his child




Motif

l118


Name_eng: 
Caught in a split log
Description: 

(Animal) person provokes another to put a part of his body into a split log (between two planks, etc.) and removes the wedge




Motif

m84


Name_eng: 
Revived from bones
Description: 

Person, animal, fish or (rare) a fruit is eaten up and then revived, usually after all bones (all seeds) being put together




Motif

m84a


Name_eng: 
Goat resuscitated
Description: 

Supernatural beings kill and eat an animal and then put all the bones together (in the animal's skin). After the feast the animal becomes whole (and usually revives)




Motif

b46c


Name_eng: 
Big Dipper is seven persons or animals
Description: 

Every main star of the Big Dipper is interpreted as a particular person or animal




Motif

b46b


Name_eng: 
Seven star sisters
Description: 

Every one of the seven main stars of the Ursa major is a female person




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

i25


Name_eng: 
The bribed guards
Description: 

Way to the place of a certain person is guided by dangerous creatures (which often stand on the both sides of the pathway). Person placates them by gifts or nice talk, and they let him or her go the both ways, sometimes being punished for this by their master




Motif

i25a


Name_eng: 
Bones to cows
Description: 

Person sees that food put for certain animals is inedible for them and corrects situation (usually gives to herbivorous animals food that was given before to predators and vice versa)




Motif

i127


Name_eng: 
Ursa major is a bed
Description: 

Ursa major is a bed, a cot, a bedstead




Motif

j42


Name_eng: 
Waters split apart
Description: 

When person comes to the water body, waters are split apart so the person reaches the other bank walking on the dry ground




Motif

k84


Name_eng: 
Sisters married to animals
Description: 

Young man gives his sisters to the first bridegrooms who claim them. These are demons or animals who usually later help him




Motif

l15h


Name_eng: 
The external soul: three or more objects one inside the other
Description: 

An object that contains the life (soul) of a person is inside two or more creatures or other objects (like an egg in a duck, a duck in a hare, etc.) or the zoomorphic soul container tries to escape and turns in succession to other animals (three or more transformations)




Motif

l108a


Name_eng: 
Goat kills the antagonist
Description: 

A predator animal (ogre, ogress) swallows people or animals. The goat (rare: the sheep) punishes him or her and usually saves the victims (most often opens the ogre’s belly open and the swallowed ones come out alive)




Motif

k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)


Name_eng: 
Competitions and difficult tasks
Description: 

Person is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life




Motif

k27n


Name_eng: 
Difficult tasks of the in-laws
Description: 

A man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage




Motif

k27n1


Name_eng: 
Task-giver is a king or a chief
Description: 

Person who gives difficult tasks to the hero and/or person who demands the fulfillment of certain conditions from those who want to marry his daughter is a prominent figure in social hierarchy. He is a head of the socio-political unit of community or super-community level and is neither a member of the hero’s household nor a mythical being




Motif

m57c


Name_eng: 
Gold producing animal
Description: 

An animal (ass, cow, horse, goat, bear, leopard) extracts gold or food from its body or person makes others believe that it is so




Motif

m57d


Name_eng: 
Beat, cudgel!
Description: 

Person gets one by one magic objects that bring food or treasure. Other people replace them with common objects or take them away by force. The person takes his property back (usually beating the thieves with magic cudgel or whip)




Motif

k103


Name_eng: 
Helpful cow
Description: 

Cow (ox, bull) helps an orphan child or a young woman who got into trouble




Motif

k174


Name_eng: 
Fingering thrown into a pitcher
Description: 

A person puts (usually inconspicuously) his or her fingering or other small personal object into a pitcher with which a servant (girl) has come to take water. The servant's mistress or master finds the ring and understands that the person is nearby




Motif

k160a


Name_eng: 
Demon’s answers to his wife’s questions
Description: 

A woman who lives in the house of a supernatural person conceals the man who had come to her and puts questions to this person. The answers that are received and became known to the man are of great importance for him




Motif

l65b3


Name_eng: 
The escape on the tree
Description: 

Persons climbs a tree and thanks to this escapes from a demon (who usually tries to fell the tree)




Motif

k176


Name_eng: 
A man in search of the woman
Description: 

A (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife




Motif

a19c


Name_eng: 
The sun horse
Description: 

The Sun is associated with a horseman or rides in a cart driven by horses (equids)




Motif

k73a8


Name_eng: 
The wonderful children: brother and sister
Description: 

Woman gives birth to wonderful boy and girl. Being substituted with animals or objects and thrown away, they survive and triumph over their enemies




Motif

l15h2


Name_eng: 
Person’s soul is in a bird
Description: 

An object that contains certain person’s soul / death is inside other object, the latter is in the third one (etc.). The last receptacle of the life is a (small) bird (a nestling, several nestlings of birds)




Motif

b42u


Name_eng: 
Big Dipper’s handle are three persons
Description: 

Three stars of Big Dipper’s handle are three persons. Four stars of the Dipper itself are objects of animals (one or several)




Motif

i25b


Name_eng: 
To clean an oven with her own hair
Description: 

It is told about women who had no tools at all and were using parts of their body instead




Motif

j54b


Name_eng: 
Enemy of his mother, friend of his brother
Description: 

Son of the antagonist and the hero have the same father or mother (or they are nephew and uncle). When the antagonist conspires against the hero his (her) son becomes friend and companion of the hero




Motif

k27x5


Name_eng: 
Helpful persons of different age
Description: 

Setting off for a search of a woman or magic objects, a man comes across several (usually three) supernatural (often demonic) persons who help him. All the persons are similar but usually every next one is older (younger) than another




Motif

k38f


Name_eng: 
The dragon-slayer
Description: 

A reptile monster demands humans (usually virgins) as a sacrifice or abducts a girl or closes sources of water. Hero kills him. Monster’s victims do not play an active part in the plot




Motif

k103d


Name_eng: 
To enter an ear of the horse, to take something from an ear of the cow
Description: 

An animal (a demonic being) asks the hero or heroine to take objects necessary for him (her) from its ear or to enter its ear to make himself or herself handsome, to sleep. etc.





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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Southern Altai: Altai proper (Altai-Kiji), Telengit
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Armenians
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Gondi (mostly Northern Gondi)
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Chuvash
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Korku
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Northern Khanty (Ostyaks)
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Khakas
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Hungarians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
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Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Tajik
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Anatolia Turks
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Georgians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Bashkirs
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Uzbek
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Rushani, Shughni, Khufi, Bartangi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Cherkassians, Adyghe, Kabardin
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Arabs of Egypt