Naskapi



Tradition title rus: 
Наскапи
Areal ID: 
12.4.3.3
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
102.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
52.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a1The old sunAnother sun, usually less benevolent and/or powerful, existed before the present one
a12Eclipses: monster’s attackSome creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light
a2aThe sun is a source of distructive heatThe world was or will be (almost) burned when several suns had (will) appear(ed) simultaneously; or the only sun was too hot (or bright)
a32Figure on lunar discA figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)
a32dMan in the MoonHuman being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon
a38The Sun caught in snarePerson prepares a snare, loop, noose, etc. to catch the Sun and/or the Sun is caught in a snare, tied by a rope, etc.
a38aSnare of pubic hairThe Sun is caught into snare made of the pubic hair of hero's female relative
a38bMouse gnaws snare openAfter the Sun is caught into snare only mouse, shrew or other small animal is able to cut it open
a5The Sun and the Moon are malesThe Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual
b101Slashes on birch barkAngry against the birch, person beats or cuts it, whence scratches and slashes on its bark
b16bWolverine makes the sea saltyThe sea is alty because the wolverine or the fox bathed in it or urinated into it
b26Man joins wild animalsPerson who follows the wild animals turns into one of them or into their master
b3bEarth grows bigOriginal earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance
b42gUrsa major is a game animal(s)Ursus major (seven stars or only four stars of a dipper) is identified with the game animal or anmials (usually pursued by the hunter)
b42o1Ursa major is a fisherUrsa major is identified with a fisher (mustela pennati)
b42sHit with a projectileUrsa major or Polaris are identified with a middle size animal (ermine, fisher, woodchuck) or with a basically anthropomorphic person (with some animal characteristics) hit with a dart or an arrow
b50Whose blood is sweeter?An insect feeds on human blood (flesh). Dangerous person asks it where it had sucked blood or whose blood (flesh) is the most delicious. Usually the insect lies or cannot answer (its tongue is cut off) and thanks to this dangerous person attacks certain plants or animals and not people
b51Mosquito and thunderThanks to intentional misinformation, Thunder did not get know that bloodsucking insect has sucked human blood
b71Aurora borealisAurora borealis is spirits (of the dead) who run holding burning torches, play or fight with each other
b82The white ravenRaven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white
b85Wind pacifiedWind is too strong, hero makes it to blow more calmly
b87AlcorAlcor (a weak star near the second star of the handle of the Big Dipper) is selected as a particular sky object
b92Flint person turns into flintsPerson whose body is extraordinary hard and invulnerable or (rare) a small object is broken to pieces that turn into flints or other hard stones (the origin of flints)
b96The antagonist turns into sturgent The heroe's enemy turns into a big fish (usually a sturgent) or (rare) a water mammal that are fished or hunted by people
c19Acquisition of the sunThe Sun (the day light) that was absent, stolen or hidden appears (again)
c6Valuables brought from the lower worldPersons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)
c6bThe diver is muskrat (otter, beaver)A muskrat (more rare beaver or otter) brings the desired object from under the water
c6dThe aquisition of the earth from the lower worldThe dry land (the earth) grows from a small amount of solid substance (sand, clay, dirt and the like) brought from the lower world (usually from the bottom of the ocean)
d4cAcquisition of summerWarm season is obtained from its original owners
d4c1Swimming elk diverts attentionAnimal-people come to steal summer from its owner. One of them in guise of an elk or caribou diverts the owners' attention or puts to float a log that the owner takes for an elk and pursues. The summer is successfully stolen and brought to the people
d4nPerson weeps asking for summerA boy or (among the Kutenai) a woman weeps, asking for an element that is absent, i.e. for summer, fire, or rain
d5Woman as the owner of the fireFemale person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire
d5aFire in woman’s genitalsFirst fire was hidden in genitals or anus of a woman
e1bPerson of unfit materialsCertain person is made of improper material and proves to be short-lived or unfit for fulfilling his functions
e1cPerson of excrementsCertain person is made of human excrement or carrion
f10Vaginal teeth knocked outWoman has another toothed mouth (usually in vagina) or biting animals in vagina. Man inserts there a stone, bone, stick, etc. breaking or knocking out the teeth or extracting from there dangerous animals
f30Snake paramourA woman or a girl takes a snake, an eel (i.e. Pacific snake-eel), a lizard, or a worm for husband or paramour. People kill or badly injure him, the woman and/or her progeny or the woman herself is transformed into snake. Cf. motif k76b: the snake-husband becomes and remains a handsome man
f35Feeding with the paramour’s meatPerson feeds another with the meat of his or her sexual partner who cooks or eats it without knowing whose meat it is
f7The underwater-maidenMan takes or attempts to take a wife who is connected with the underwater world (fish, crab, snake, water animal and the like)
f70Potiphar's wife: false accusation of sexual abuseWoman makes vain overtures to young man and/or falsely accuses him of sexual abuse. Her husband believes that the young man is guilty, kills or tries to kill him
f70aDisordered clothes as evidence against innocent manTo accuse a man or boy of (sexual) abbuse, a woman tears her clothes, smears or scratches her body pretending to be attacked
f74Naked person shams deadWhen a person sees a dangerous enemy, he or she shams dead taking his or her clothes off, or the enemy takes off them himself. The enemy believes that it is a corpse, lets it alone
f79Animal wivesPerson marries several non-human wives in succession, every time (besides the last one) is disappointed
f86Conditional signalPerson summons with a certain signal a non-human being (usually his or her sexual partner or his or her protégé). Another person spies, uses the same signal or pronounces the same words and kills the being who comes to him (or uses this being sexually himself)
f9A dangerous womanFor different reasons, sexual contact with a woman is deadly dangerous for a man
f9aVagina dentataThere are teeth, blades or sharp stones in woman’s genitals, vagina is the biting mouth. (Only texts that are believed to correspond to reality are considered but not anecdotes and jokes)
f9dScorpions in the genitalsSmall creatures in female or male genitals are dangerous for the partner
f9e1Dangerous animal in vaginaWoman is dangerous because biting or stinging animal or animals is (are) inside her genitals (and not only the head of such an animal)
i1The thunderbirdsCreatures that produce rain and/or thunderstorms are birds or anthropomorphic beings with wings; or (rare) some or all birds are connected with thunder, lightning or rain though Thunder is not a bird
i13aThe horned serpentGiant water-chthonic or sky serpent or dragon has horns or antlers on its head
i28Animals in the underworldGame animals live inside a mountain, in a cave or in the underworld where they often look like humans and have a master
i46Rainbow beltRainbow is the ornamented part of the clothes, its decoration, a belt
i65Milky Way of the deadMilky Way is the path over which souls travel to the beyond or a path of the funeral procession
j41aSon transforms mother into a birdWhen hero returns, he finds his mother being tormented during his absence and transforms her (and usually himself) into a certain bird
j46Enemy drownsAntagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body
j66The gnawed through bow-stringsHero or his helpers cut or gnaw through bow- and other strings of the enemies, make holes in their canoes in order to forestall pursuit
k10Fight with the monstrous birdMonstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it
k10gThe man uses a fledgeling to descend to the earthA man gets into the nest of a giant bird on a high rock or tree. He descends to the earth killing the bird and fixing its feathers or wings to his body or (more often) using the bird’s nestling (riding on its back, holding its feet, fixing its feathers or wings)
k18Infant picks out his unknown fatherA boy is born whose father or (rare) mother is unknown. He himself points at his parent who as a rule occupies the lowest social position. Usually many men (women) come together and everyone hopes that the boy points at him (her)
k18aaPregnancy because of the non-sexual contactA girl becomes pregnant without her knowledge thanks to the contact with body liquids of a male person or with objects touched by him (not because of the normal sexual contact, or a wish expressed by the father of her future child, or her mistical contact with a deity). The happy marriage of the girl with her child’s father follows
k18cUrinates at his father’s armsA baby boy has to recognize his father among many men. When his father takes him, the boy urinates at his arms
k1eMarooned on an isletPerson is marooned on an islet or on another side of a sea or wide river
k1fConflict because of a womanA man maroons another because of jealousy or because he plans to take hold of his wife
k1hImprisoned in the tree-hollowPerson is imprisoned in a tree-hollow or inside a rock and is released by somebody who makes a hole from outside
k25Magic wifeA man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)Competitions and difficult tasksPerson is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life
k27nDifficult tasks of the in-lawsA man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage
k27n3cTask-giver is a zoomorphic beingPerson who gives difficult tasks to the hero is associated with an animal, a bird or a fish
k28Father or uncle is rival and enemyMaternal uncle or father (or grandfather if he replaces father who is not mentioned) of the young man is his rival or enemy and tries to kill him
k41Thunder against a serpent Thunder or giant bird fights against a reptile, big water animal or other big and strong creature who lives in water or under the earth
k44False mother rejectedA demonic or animal person steals a boy and pretends to be his real mother or father. The boy gets to know the truth, leaves the false parent
k67Burned moccasinsTwo men spend a night in a forest, take their moccasins or clothes off usually to dry them near the fire. One plans to burn the moccasins or the clothes of another at night. The latter imperceptible interchange their things and the first man burns his own property
l15aVulnerable place on the bodyThe only vulnerable spot is near the surface of person’s or creature’s body and not in his inner organs
l15dThe external soulLife of a person or creature is preserved outside of his (her, its) body. Person or creature dies after the corresponding object is destroyed
l33Rolling stoneStone chases people to crash them
l33bTrickster provokes a rockPerson suggests to another who looks like being unable to move (rock, stump, fire) a race competition or provokes this object to roll towards him. The competitor becomes to move, burns or crashes the person or runs away with his clothes
l33cRock crashes tricksterTrickster and rock agree to race down slope. The rock rolls with ever greater speed and crashes the trickster
l4The unmasked murderer (Blue Beard)Person kills girls (rare: his nephews or younger brothers of his wife) in succession (usually the male person kills his wives). The last of potential victims escapes, usually after finding remains of those who had been killed or imprisoned earlier
l61EndocannibalPerson devours his or her own flesh or disembowels himself or herself
l65Demonic babyA baby or small child proves to be a demon, devours or injures people
l9Sharp body membersBody members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon
l9bElbow-knivesPerson's sharp elbows or (rare) knees are like awls or knives
m19The bait-personPerson ties another one (usually a child) to a fishing line to use him as a bait or orders the tied one to catch fish with his hands
m23Mock pleaPerson or creature pretends to be afraid of a particular sort of treatment that really cannot do him any harm
m28Icarus (failed attempt to fly on artificial wings)Acquiring possibility to fly, person ultimately falls to the ground or remains in a faraway place being unable to fly any more
m29fWolverine is a failure Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the wolverine suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m30Trickster falls downPerson or creature who has no wings or is unable to fly on a long distance attempts to ascend to the sky or to fly far away but falls down or, deprived of his wings, remains in a place from which he is unable to return
m30aPerson defecates on a tricksterTrickster who flies over a village falls to the ground. They bind him and defecate on him
m30cFlying person falls down after breaking tabooPerson flies across the air but falls down when, despite warning, looks down to earth, flies above villages, becomes to talk, etc.
m38Stupid imitation (all versions)Person sees how others act using magic or according to their animal nature. He or she imitates their actions and gets into trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and refer to everyday activity, mostly to providing and cooking food
m38aThe bungling hostBeing on a visit to other people or (more often) animals, an (animal)-person sees them act using magic or according to their animal nature. Back at home, he imitates their actions and gets in trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and mostly refer to providing and cooking food
m53Hoodwinked dancersPerson invites birds or animals (usually geese and ducks) to dance or stand around him and concentrate their attention on some activity (usually to dance with their eyes shut), kills them, usually one by one. Or (rare) he dances himself with his eyes shut and then kills water fowl who gather around him
m61a3Person provokes a quarrel between two fishTo provoke a quarrel between two different fish, person tells each one that the other was insulting him
m65bThe lost quarryPerson kills game (usually by deception), gets to see how thieves carry it away but is unable to intervene
m66Itch after artichoke eatingAfter eating certain plant, small animal, or rubbing it over his body, person suffers from itch, diarrhea, or from breaking wind
m68Breaking wind scares gameBecause of his own obstinacy, person suffers of breaking wind permanently and starves because a loud noise produced by him scaring game
m69Getting fast in an animal skullSmall animals or insects dance or feast inside a big animal skull or food is there. Person inserts his head into the skull and cannot take it out for a long time
m70aOld woman is pierced throughAn old woman defecates or breaks wind over a man. He kills her inserting a cutting object into her anus or vagina
m86Rock punishes tricksterRock chases or otherwise punishes person who has offended it (usually deceived it or has taken objects that belong to Rock)
m8aBirds peck a rock to release prisonersBirds and sometimes also animals work hard to break from the outside or from the inside a rock, a tree truck, bonds, etc. to release some beings or themselves from confinement in a small enclosure or trap
m93Body part as a guardBefore falling asleep, person tells his eyes (which he extracts and puts aside) or his anus to awake him in case of danger. Eyes or anus do not make an alarm or person himself does not react to it. As a result he suffers a damage
m93aGuard punishedPerson punishes the part of his body which he selected as his guard for the time of his sleep or absence (he burns his buttocks, breaks eyes)


Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Western Ojibwa (Chippewa)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Montagnais
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Eastern Cree
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Eastern Swamy Cree
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Northern Ojibwa (=Severn Ojibwa, Sandy Lake Cree, Northern Saulteaux)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Menominee
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Eastern Ojibwa (Missisauga, Timagami and other groups in eastern Ontario)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Algonquin, unspecified Algonkians of the Midwest (probably Old Algonquin)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Micmac
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Wayana, Aparai

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 9 Tradition:
Montagnais
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Western Ojibwa (Chippewa)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Western Swampy Cree (incl. Rock Cree)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Northern Ojibwa (=Severn Ojibwa, Sandy Lake Cree, Northern Saulteaux)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Micmac
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Plains Cree
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Northern and Southern Tehuelche
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Wawenock, Abenaki, Penobscot
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Eastern Swamy Cree
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Assiniboine