Sierra Miwok



Tradition title rus: 
Горные мивок
Areal ID: 
12.6.4.1
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
77.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
47.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a24


Name_eng: 
The first sunrise
Description: 

In the beginning it is dark. When the Sun first appears on the sky, primeval beings or part of them perish or turn into animals, spirits, stones




Motif

b3a


Name_eng: 
Primeval waters
Description: 

Water is the original element, the dry earth appears later




Motif

b3b


Name_eng: 
Earth grows big
Description: 

Original earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance




Motif

b27


Name_eng: 
Variants of transformations
Description: 

Persons ponders over what object, feature, or creature it would be appropriate for him or her to turn into. When the choice is made, the persons transforms himself or herself




Motif

b29


Name_eng: 
Eschatological feast
Description: 

People turn into animals, birds or stones at a feast, after the feast, after performing a ritual or after a victory over dangerous enemy




Motif

b69


Name_eng: 
Chipmunk's back scratched: hence his stripes
Description: 

To thank or to punish a small mammal like chipmunk or (ground) squirrel, animal or person scratches or paints it producing stripes on its back




Motif

b82


Name_eng: 
The white raven
Description: 

Raven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white




Motif

b92


Name_eng: 
Flint person turns into flints
Description: 

Person whose body is extraordinary hard and invulnerable or (rare) a small object is broken to pieces that turn into flints or other hard stones (the origin of flints)




Motif

c5a


Name_eng: 
Bird-scouts
Description: 

Birds or humans later changed to birds are sent to explore the earth (is it dry, are any survivals, to investigate why smoke rises to the sky, etc.) or to bring some soil to make the land that would be good for living




Motif

c6


Name_eng: 
Valuables brought from the lower world
Description: 

Persons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)




Motif

c6a


Name_eng: 
The diver is turtle or frog
Description: 

A turtle or a frog (toad) brings the desired object from the bottom of the water body or from the lower world




Motif

c6c


Name_eng: 
The diver is a bird
Description: 

An aquatic bird dives and brings the desired object from the bottom




Motif

c6d


Name_eng: 
The aquisition of the earth from the lower world
Description: 

The dry land (the earth) grows from a small amount of solid substance (sand, clay, dirt and the like) brought from the lower world (usually from the bottom of the ocean)




Motif

c19


Name_eng: 
Acquisition of the sun
Description: 

The Sun (the day light) that was absent, stolen or hidden appears (again)




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

d4e


Name_eng: 
Coyote or fox obtain fire
Description: 

Coyote or fox bring people the fire, the daylight or the Sun




Motif

d4g


Name_eng: 
Hummingbird discovers where the fire is (and brings it to people)
Description: 

Hummingbird discovers where the fire is (and brings it to people)




Motif

e29


Name_eng: 
Lizard gives proper hands
Description: 

Two persons (usually Coyote and Lizard) argue if people's hand has to be like a paw or people should have fingers




Motif

e37


Name_eng: 
Peoples from sticks
Description: 

Creator takes many small sticks, transforms them into people of both sexes and all ages




Motif

g28


Name_eng: 
The fish tree
Description: 

Tree contains fish in its trunk




Motif

h1a


Name_eng: 
The originator of death the first sufferer
Description: 

One person wants man to live forever, another wants man to be mortal. When somebody dear to the latter one dies, he or she is eager to accept the suggestion of his or her opponent but the original decision cannot be changed




Motif

h5


Name_eng: 
People and snakes
Description: 

Reptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death




Motif

h12


Name_eng: 
The alive person comes to the land of the dead after somebody’s death
Description: 

The alive person comes to the land of the dead to bring back somebody who has recently died (besides stories about shamans who journey to the other world to bring back the soul of a sick person) or, having no particular aim, goes there in company of somebody who had recently died or following his or her tracks




Motif

h18


Name_eng: 
Hoarded game released
Description: 

Game animals were concentrated in one single place. Certain person lets them disperse in the world




Motif

h36gg


Name_eng: 
Death and the coyote
Description: 

Coyote is responsible for introduction of permanent death




Motif

h36j


Name_eng: 
Death and the lark
Description: 

Lark is responsible for introduction of permanent death




Motif

i1


Name_eng: 
The thunderbirds
Description: 

Creatures that produce rain and/or thunderstorms are birds or anthropomorphic beings with wings; or (rare) some or all birds are connected with thunder, lightning or rain though Thunder is not a bird




Motif

i22


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent movement
Description: 

There are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)




Motif

i22b


Name_eng: 
Birds fly to the outer world
Description: 

Migratory birds (or shamans in guise of birds) fly from our world to the outer world through the narrow opening, between clashing rocks, under the edge of the sky which is rising and falling, etc. Many birds perish; and/or the person who lives at this place feeds on these birds; the person can be mistress of birds, lives on another side of the pulsating obstacle




Motif

i35


Name_eng: 
Dragging a hide produces thunder
Description: 

Thunder is produced by dragging behind a dry animal skin or (rare) a person (rare) or by shaking clothes




Motif

i36


Name_eng: 
Thunder and lightning are relatives, spouses or in-laws
Description: 

Thunder and lightning (two thunders, two lightings) are close relatives, spouses or in-laws




Motif

i75


Name_eng: 
World ages
Description: 

Before present world, several (two or more) other worlds or races of people existed




Motif

i82a


Name_eng: 
Venus is male
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a male personage




Motif

i82b


Name_eng: 
Venus is female
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a female personage




Motif

i108


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a person
Description: 

The Pleiades are only one anthropomorphic being, not several persons




Motif

j4


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the male relatives
Description: 

Heroes avenge the murder or captivity of the male relatives: (grand)father, uncles, or the elder relatives in general, the loss of the males being the most traumatic




Motif

j12


Name_eng: 
Travelling girl walks across suitors
Description: 

A girl (or two sisters) travel, usually in search of a proper marriage partner who lives far away or who has gone away. On her way or after reaching the place of destination the girl gets to some unpleasant suitors




Motif

j13


Name_eng: 
Two sisters
Description: 

Two sisters (if more, only two play a significant role in the plot) travel and meet an unpleasant suitor or get to an ogre




Motif

j17


Name_eng: 
Frogs in hair
Description: 

Instead of lice, there are other (bigger or dangerous) creatures in the hair of some persons or he or she pretends that his or her hair is infested with them




Motif

j52


Name_eng: 
Two animal persons and their children
Description: 

A person (usually zoomorphic and female) treacherously kills her (his) companion. The victim's children revenge on the murderer killing her own children




Motif

j52a


Name_eng: 
Bear as antagonist
Description: 

A bear-person (usually Bear-woman) kills her or his female companion who is associated with a weaker animal – not a predator or a weaker predator. The victim's children revenge on the antagonist killing her own children and / or run away and escape




Motif

j53


Name_eng: 
The fawns and the cubs
Description: 

Children of the ungulate animal person (deer, doe, antelope) become the enemies of a predator or bigger ungulate animal person. They kill her (him) and (or) successively escape from her (him)




Motif

j53c


Name_eng: 
One of two female companions kills another
Description: 

Two co-wives of female companions live together, both have children. Once when they go to work outdoors (usually to gather wild plants), one of them kills and devours another. The victim's children escape




Motif

k3


Name_eng: 
Tree or rock grows taller
Description: 

Hero climbs up a tree or rock to get eggs, nestlings, fruits, honey, etc. Another person makes the tree (rock) grow higher or thicker and the hero is unable to descend back




Motif

k12


Name_eng: 
Woman is lost and returned
Description: 

By trick or by force, a rival or adversary kidnaps hero's wife or bride. The man gets her back




Motif

k27o


Name_eng: 
Ball game
Description: 

A contest: ball game




Motif

l15a


Name_eng: 
Vulnerable place on the body
Description: 

The only vulnerable spot is near the surface of person’s or creature’s body and not in his inner organs




Motif

l34


Name_eng: 
The burning hair
Description: 

Person kills or injures his enemy putting fire on his or her straw costume, mask, headgear, hair or object on his or her back




Motif

l47


Name_eng: 
Enemy moves backward and dies
Description: 

Hero's enemy ascends a tree or rock head downward or walks backward letting the hero better possibility to kill him or to escape




Motif

l53


Name_eng: 
Stones into the maw
Description: 

A monstrous being is killed or neutralized by (burning hot) stones (pieces of metal, heavy fruits, etc.) thrown into its maw or anus or the being retreats when they menace to throw a stone into its maw




Motif

l62


Name_eng: 
The Stone man
Description: 

Stone man kills people but ultimately is killed himself




Motif

m2


Name_eng: 
Riding down a tree
Description: 

A man descends from top of a tree or rock down a chain of animals or on the back of an animal who climbs or runs down the trunk




Motif

m8


Name_eng: 
Breaking the obstacle
Description: 

Non-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object




Motif

m8b


Name_eng: 
Birds break an obstacle to get water
Description: 

Birds or (rare) animals work hard to break a rock or a cane and get water or honey concealed inside




Motif

m58


Name_eng: 
Plant or trail saves from fire
Description: 

World is ablaze, fire pursues a person. Some objects or elements do not resist the heat and cannot hide him. The last named gives protection. Earth becomes cool, person continues his travel




Motif

k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)


Name_eng: 
Competitions and difficult tasks
Description: 

Person is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life




Motif

c38


Name_eng: 
People are coming soon
Description: 

Those who inhabited the world in the time of creation were saying that real people were to come and so they had to do this and that




Motif

j64


Name_eng: 
Person moves on clouds of smoke
Description: 

Not being burned in a fire, person ascends to the sky or gets across a river on clouds of smoke




Motif

j53a


Name_eng: 
To involve in a game and to kill
Description: 

A child suggests another to play. The one who has been invited follows the rules but the initiator does not do it and kills the other




Motif

h1d


Name_eng: 
The first dead is rejected by the alive people
Description: 

Person dies and returns soon but people send him or her back, refuse to accept as a member of their community or bury again. Since then death becomes permanent




Motif

k177


Name_eng: 
The travelling heroine
Description: 

A girl or young woman sets off to find or return her fience or her husband or she escapes from a fanger and ultimately marries happily




Motif

k176


Name_eng: 
A man in search of the woman
Description: 

A (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife




Motif

k10


Name_eng: 
Fight with the monstrous bird
Description: 

Monstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it




Motif

k11a


Name_eng: 
Feathers turn into birds or men
Description: 

Feathers of (giant) bird turn into different present day birds (in their plumage) or into the men




Motif

h12c


Name_eng: 
Orpheus: to return the dead wife
Description: 

Husband follows his dead wife to the other world but is unable to bring her back or succeeds to do it but loses her once again




Motif

j53b


Name_eng: 
The killed mother’s breasts
Description: 

Two women live together, each one has children. When they are outdoors, one of them kills another and brings home her flesh. The victim’s children gets to see their mother’s breasts (in California: eyes or liver) or their mother’s breasts speak with them




Motif

l15a1


Name_eng: 
Achilles' heel
Description: 

Vulnerable place on the body of a person or creature is on his or her foot (toe, heel, sole, ankle)




Motif

j53a1


Name_eng: 
A way of the revenge: to lure into the smoke and fire
Description: 

The victim’s children kill the murderer’s children luring them in a place where the die of smoke or heath




Motif

g2


Name_eng: 
The return of Persephone
Description: 

Person who is the incarnation of fertility and life first disappears and then (reriodically) returns




Motif

k38f6


Name_eng: 
The fire-creature
Description: 

A creature that consists of fire is mentioned




Motif

i22g


Name_eng: 
Clapping rocks
Description: 

There are mountains or rocks which permanently collide and separate again from each other or a crack (jaws) in a vertical cliff which is opening and closing




Motif

b27a


Name_eng: 
Transformation into thunder and lightning
Description: 

Persons ponders over what object, feature, or creature it would be appropriate for them to turn. When the choice is made, persons turn into thunder and/or lightning




Motif

m75


Name_eng: 
Valuables taken off the vultures
Description: 

Person attracts and catches the carrion-eaters (usually some birds) and thanks to this obtains valuables retrieves valuables (fire, woman, animals, etc.)




Motif

c6c4


Name_eng: 
The duck is successful diver
Description: 

The duck (or an aquatic bird similar to the duck) dives and brings a piece of earth that is transformed into the dry land (it is the only or the only successful diver)




Motif

j4b


Name_eng: 
Revenge inside the family
Description: 

Children (son, sons, son and daughter) of the murdered woman or man revenge on persons who have marital or close kin relations with the victom




Motif

j4a


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the mother
Description: 

A woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death




Motif

j1


Name_eng: 
The vengeful heroes
Description: 

Persons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Pomo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Coastal Miwok
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Ute
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Lithuanians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Yana
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Wailaki, Mattole, Lassik, Sinkyone, Cahto
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kaingang, Xokleng
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 1 Tradition:
Western Swampy Cree (incl. Rock Cree)

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Wailaki, Mattole, Lassik, Sinkyone, Cahto
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Northern Paiute (=Paviotso)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Klamath, Modoc
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Western Shoshone, Gosiute
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Yuki (Yuki proper, Coastal Yuki, Huchnob)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Pomo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Northern Shoshone
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Northern Foothills Yokuts (Chukchansi, Dumna, Kechayi)