Cherokee



Tradition title rus: 
Чироки
Areal ID: 
13.3.4.1
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
143.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
91.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a1The old sunAnother sun, usually less benevolent and/or powerful, existed before the present one
a12Eclipses: monster’s attackSome creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light
a12bEclipses: a frog or toadDuring an eclipse or at the sunset the Sun or the Moon are attacked by a frog or toad
a17The Sun’s relax at the middayAfter passing half of the its way across the sky (in the day time) or in the underworld (in the night time), the Sun stops to have a rest
a21Luminaries are objects fixed in the skyThe sun and/or the moon are inanimate objects thrown up to the sky or fixed in the sky
a31The incestuous Moon As a result of some intimate contacts and/or love affair, the Moon acquires its present appearance (often, the stains on his face) and/or ascends to the sky
a35Spots on the lunar discDark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure
a4Female sunThe Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female
b125Animals exchange their organsDuring the time of creation particular species of animals (rare: plants) exchanged certain organs or traits or one animal borrowed an organ from another one but never brought it back. Thence the characteristics of these animals now. In rare cases the back exchange and restoring of the initial situation or the passing of certain organ from one animal to another without compensation are described
b26Man joins wild animalsPerson who follows the wild animals turns into one of them or into their master
b27Variants of transformationsPersons ponders over what object, feature, or creature it would be appropriate for him or her to turn into. When the choice is made, the persons transforms himself or herself
b3aPrimeval watersWater is the original element, the dry earth appears later
b3bEarth grows bigOriginal earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance
b40Rabbit as deer’s proxyHare or rabbit is a false deer or it was deer in the past or a close kin of the deer or had horns or antlers or missed opportunity to get them, its ears are the false horns
b40aMissed opportunity to have hornsAnimal who has no horns now had them before or missed opportunity to get them
b42Cosmic huntCertain stars or constellations are interpreted as hunters, their dogs and game that the hunters pursue
b42aBlood or fat drops to earthHunters pursue a bear across the sky, kill it in August – October. Its blood or fat drops to earth as a dew or painting leaves of the trees in red
b42gUrsa major is a game animal(s)Ursus major (seven stars or only four stars of a dipper) is identified with the game animal or anmials (usually pursued by the hunter)
b42lAnimal is the dipper, hunters are the handleStars of the handle of the Big Dipper are identified with the hunters, the dipper itself with the game (bear or elk) or a neat-barn ravaged by bear
b42mSecond hunter’s cooking potThree stars of the Dipper’s handle of Ursa Mayor are three men (hunters, thieves) who are eager to get an animal (an elk or a bear) or an object (a cot). Alkor (a weak star near Mizar) is a receptacle in possession of the second man
b42pUrsa major is a bearUrsa major is identified with a bear
b42uBig Dipper’s handle are three personsThree stars of Big Dipper’s handle are three persons. Four stars of the Dipper itself are objects of animals (one or several)
b45Marriage of winter and summerA coming of warm (light, abundant, etc.) or cold (dark, barren, etc.) time is related to the marriage of certain person
b52aVulture creates the landscapeFlying above the earth and flapping its wings, a bird (usually a vulture) makes it dry after the flood or otherwise creates present landscape
b59A group of dancers ascends to the skyA group of people (usually children, brothers or sisters) play, dance, ascend to the sky and turn into Pleiades or other compact constellation
b60Offended children abandon parentsChildren conflict with their parents who do not pay them enough attention, condemn their sexual behavior, do not give them enough food, clothes, etc.; the children abandon their parents and become birds, bats, atmospheric phenomena, or stars (usually the Pleiades)
b62Buzzard husbandMan thinks that buzzard or hawk has better life than he. They exchange clothes. The bird lives with the man's wife as her husband, the man usually does not enjoy his bird life
b69Chipmunk's back scratched: hence his stripesTo thank or to punish a small mammal like chipmunk or (ground) squirrel, animal or person scratches or paints it producing stripes on its back
b82The white ravenRaven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white
b87AlcorAlcor (a weak star near the second star of the handle of the Big Dipper) is selected as a particular sky object
c12aThe dog and the world cataclysmA dog warns people about approaching flood or world conflagration, instructs them what should be done
c18Luring out the hidden SunPerson who incarnates or owns the sun hides himself or herself or is hidden. To return or to get heath and light, his or her interest is attracted or diverted by way of singing, dancing, playing music, provocative behavior, offering of unusual gifts, sex or alcohol
c19Acquisition of the sunThe Sun (the day light) that was absent, stolen or hidden appears (again)
c2Deluge and conflagration combinedInhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water
c6Valuables brought from the lower worldPersons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)
c6aThe diver is turtle or frogA turtle or a frog (toad) brings the desired object from the bottom of the water body or from the lower world
c6dThe aquisition of the earth from the lower worldThe dry land (the earth) grows from a small amount of solid substance (sand, clay, dirt and the like) brought from the lower world (usually from the bottom of the ocean)
c6hAn insect brings the earthAn insect brings the earth (from under the water, from a lower world or from a far-away place)
c9Warning about the coming floodGod, animal, some person warns one of the people about the catastrophy (usuallly the flood) that will become soon and in which most of the people must perish
d1Female spirit of fireFire is personified as an (elder) woman, alone or with her husband, master of fire
d4aTheft of fireFire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before
d5Woman as the owner of the fireFemale person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire
e9The mysterious housekeeperPerson observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one
e9cUngulate animal-wifeA man marries a woman who initially has guise of an ungulate animal (buffalo, elk, derr, etc.)
f30Snake paramourA woman or a girl takes a snake, an eel (i.e. Pacific snake-eel), a lizard, or a worm for husband or paramour. People kill or badly injure him, the woman and/or her progeny or the woman herself is transformed into snake. Cf. motif k76b: the snake-husband becomes and remains a handsome man
f34bThe paramour is not a human beingA girl (a woman, a group of women) intentionally takes a penis-being, a snake, an eel, a lizard, a worm, a big water animal or water monster or a big terrestrial mammal for paramour. People kill or maim the paramour, the woman and/or her progeny or she is transformed herself into an animal. She is blamed for her behavior
f51The clandestine loverPerson who conceals his or her identity comes to his or her lover (at night). Next time, the lover puts a mark on the stranger's face, body or clothes doing this intentionally (to recognize him or her) or by chance (that leads to the identification)
f53Ugly husbandAn ugly man marries a girl but conceals his face. Marriage is ruined after his face is seen
f53aBat or owl hides his faceA man hides his face from his wife because she does not know that he is a nocturnal being (a bat or an owl)
g18Person wants to be sacrificedA person asks people to abandon him or her in the forest, to burn or drag him or her around the future garden plot, to burn her in her house, etc. People fulfill the person's wish and find cultivated plants growing on the place
g20Woman turns into plantsFood crops emerge from remains of a woman or girl
h12The alive person comes to the land of the dead after somebody’s deathThe alive person comes to the land of the dead to bring back somebody who has recently died (besides stories about shamans who journey to the other world to bring back the soul of a sick person) or, having no particular aim, goes there in company of somebody who had recently died or following his or her tracks
h14Woman flies back to the land of the deadA dead woman returns to earth but flies back as a bird or a fly
h18Hoarded game releasedGame animals were concentrated in one single place. Certain person lets them disperse in the world
h1aThe originator of death the first suffererOne person wants man to live forever, another wants man to be mortal. When somebody dear to the latter one dies, he or she is eager to accept the suggestion of his or her opponent but the original decision cannot be changed
h1bDeath of a neighbor’s childPerson does something that makes death inevitable because the death of a child or a woman beloved by another person is indifferent or desirable for him or her
h2The selfish animalAnimals ask God to make people mortal because people would be too numerous and step on the animals, deprive them of their food and habitat, or because the animals want to feast on the human corpses
h24Container opened too earlyContainer with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear
h24bSouls disappear from the opened containerPerson receives a container with the soul of a dead person and has to open it not before he gets to particular place or after particular time interval. He opens it too early, the soul fly away
h24gWoman in the boxA woman brought back from another world or received there disappears as soon as the man opens the box where she was
h36hhDeath and the frogFrog or toad is responsible for introduction of permanent death
h5People and snakesReptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death
i100bThe Pleiades are a group of peopleThe Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)
i103The dog starSirius is associated with a dog or a wolf
i105The celestial handOne of constellations represents a hand with fingers
i13aThe horned serpentGiant water-chthonic or sky serpent or dragon has horns or antlers on its head
i2Lightning from eyesLightning emerges from eyes or mouth of the being who is thought to produce thunderstorms
i22Objects in permanent movementThere are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)
i22aRising and falling skyThe sky is constantly moving up and down in respect to earth
i26Dangers on the way of soulsOn its way to the Beyond, a soul has to defend itself or divert attention of guards who wait for it giving presents to them
i27Chthonic canineA dog is the lord, guard or guide of/to the land of the dead; or dogs live on the way to the land of the dead
i28Animals in the underworldGame animals live inside a mountain, in a cave or in the underworld where they often look like humans and have a master
i41Rainbow serpentRainbow is a reptile (usually a snake) or (more rare) a fish, or it is related to snake, to its tongue, breath, or to scorpion's tail
i45bNot to point at the rainbowIt to point at the rainbow, pointing finger or entire arm will rot, wither or become crooked
i46Rainbow beltRainbow is the ornamented part of the clothes, its decoration, a belt
i48Confined to the underworldCertain person loses his or her freedom, is confined to a far away place (often, to the underworld) and acquires cosmic dimensions: supports the earth or the sky and/or his or her movements produce earthquakes or (rare) storms
i4bThunder in trouble: fights with his enemyA man helps Thunder who fights with his enemy
i65Milky Way of the deadMilky Way is the path over which souls travel to the beyond or a path of the funeral procession
i7The cloud serpentA flying reptile produces rain, thunderstorm
i72Stars are peopleStars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)
i7cRain or dew is urineWhen a person or creature who lives in the upper world urinates, it rains (dew falls) on earth
i88Animal with many tailsThere is a zoomorphic being with many tails
i8cThe suspended earthThe earth does not fall down or swing because it is suspended to ropes
i8e1Four supports of the worldThe sky or the earth rests upon four or five (cardinal points and the center) supports of any kind (poles, mountains, giants)
i9Colors of the cardinal directionsFour cardinal directions and/or some objects associated with them are associated with different colors
i99The Pleiades are boys or menThe Pleiades are a group of boys or men, or a group of different people but predominantly males
j25Babies escape and returnHeroes (usually one or two), being still babies or embryos, escape or are thrown away, often into the water. To bring them back into the human world, they are lured (persuaded) to come out or caught with difficulty
j26Babies come out of the waterBaby heroes, embryos or objects from which they emerge are found in a river or lake or come to people out of the water
j27Lodge-boy and Thrown-awayA small boy (several babies) was thrown away, born by the dead woman, lives in the water (in forest, etc.). Another boy lives with his father or mother. Ultimately the first boy comes to live in the locus of the second one. Often (see motif j25, Babies escape and return) during some time the boy who lives in the wilderness meets secretly with his brother (with other children, with pups that had been fed up by his mother) who lives with the people
j27aThrown-away kills his fatherOne of two babies is thrown away and lives in the water, in the forest, etc., another lives in the house; after both of them become to live in the house, they kills their father
j46Enemy drownsAntagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body
j56Father tests his sonsTwin heroes (or one boy) come to their divine father. He puts them under trials to get know if they are really his children and possess supernatural power
k1hImprisoned in the tree-hollowPerson is imprisoned in a tree-hollow or inside a rock and is released by somebody who makes a hole from outside
k22Dwarfs and cranesDifferent from (common) people inhabitants of a distant land fight from time to time with non-human enemies who periodically attack them
k22aDwarfs attackedBirds or other creatures which not dangerous for common people attack dwarfs who live in another world
k22bMan helps inhabitants of other worldInhabitants of a distant land who have different nature than (normal) human beings struggle from time to time with some non-human enemies. Man helps local dwellers because their enemies are not dangerous for the human beings
k23Battle with birdsBirds attack the inhabitants of a distant land or a man who had got to this land
k25Magic wifeA man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)Competitions and difficult tasksPerson is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life
k27cOrdeal: knives and thornsAn ordeal: to remain alive after contact with sharp points or blades
k27nDifficult tasks of the in-lawsA man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage
k27n1Task-giver is a king or a chiefPerson who gives difficult tasks to the hero and/or person who demands the fulfillment of certain conditions from those who want to marry his daughter is a prominent figure in social hierarchy. He is a head of the socio-political unit of community or super-community level and is neither a member of the hero’s household nor a mythical being
k27n3aTask-giver is the Sun, Moon, Thunder, or WindPerson who gives difficult tasks to the hero is associated with the Sun, Moon, Thunder, or Wind (Cloud, Rain)
k27oBall gameA contest: ball game
k27sContest: a raceContest: a race
k41Thunder against a serpent Thunder or giant bird fights against a reptile, big water animal or other big and strong creature who lives in water or under the earth
k69A visit to GodA group of persons decide to go to the end of the world to meet the Sun or other supreme god. One (or several) of them perish on their way, some reach destination, at least one returns home using the shorter way than the one they have took before
k8aJonah: swallowed by monsterPerson gets into the belly of water being or into the belly of giant creature which appearance and living place remain vague. He kills the monster from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)
l11Turtle-benchIn a non-human world objects of everyday life have appearance of animals and monsters, mainly fish, amphibians and reptiles
l15aVulnerable place on the bodyThe only vulnerable spot is near the surface of person’s or creature’s body and not in his inner organs
l53Stones into the mawA monstrous being is killed or neutralized by (burning hot) stones (pieces of metal, heavy fruits, etc.) thrown into its maw or anus or the being retreats when they menace to throw a stone into its maw
l6Demon clings to personA demonic being demands that a person would carry it permanently, clings to his shoulder or back
l61EndocannibalPerson devours his or her own flesh or disembowels himself or herself
l62The Stone manStone man kills people but ultimately is killed himself
l64Removable headPerson removes part of his or her body (head, scalp, lungs) and then puts it back
l69Puma rescues man from a monsterA man is attacked by a monster but puma or jaguar fights with the monster and rescues the man
l6aSticking demon asks to be carriedPerson that looks weak and feeble asks a man to carry him or her on his back and refuses to leave him
l70Fruit falls and killsPerson or animal is killed or injured with a heavy object dropped from a tree (or rock, etc.). The person or the animal knows that the objects will fall but has falls ideas about its character and weight
l87Taste of bloodUnintentionally, person gets to taste his or her own blood or flesh, likes the taste, turns into a cannibal
l9Sharp body membersBody members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon
l9dSharp handsPerson has sharp nails or knife-like hands to kill people
m109The tail-fisherAnimal person puts his tail (penis) down and waits in hope to get something edible. The tail (penis) is torn or cut off, the person escapes or dies
m11cPerson gets lard from his bodyA male person cuts or roasts his own body to extract meat, lard or blood, cooks it and serves to his guest without injuring himself. Such a food is not considered to be unclean
m183A race: one against manyMany animals of one species that all look identical together fulfill the task that would be impossible for any of them if he were alone; the competitors believe that the task was fulfilled by only one animal. Usually a slow and a fast animals agree to race. The slow one puts other animals of his species at the finish or along the distance, each one answering the fast one that he is ahead of him. The fast one accepts his loss
m23Mock pleaPerson or creature pretends to be afraid of a particular sort of treatment that really cannot do him any harm
m26Ducks rise hunter into the air (he caught them by leg)Person attempts to hunt ducks or geese catching them by the legs. They rise him into the air, he falls down
m29bTrickster-fox, jackal or coyoteIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote
m29b1The wolf is a failureBecause of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the wolf suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m29b2The bear is a failure/enemyBecause of its stupidity or unsocial behavior, the bear suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m29gTrickster-hare or rabbitIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is hare or rabbit
m29g1Hare or rabbit as the main tricksterIn most of the episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is hare or rabbit. Not considered are traditions in which 1) trickster hare/rabbit is rare while other trickster (usually fox/jackal/coyote) typical; 2) Mesoamerican traditions in which episodes with trickster rabbit are not many and could be borrowed in post-Columbian time being of African origin
m29kThe turtle (tortoise, toad, frog) wins thanks to his smartnessBeing smart and persistent, the turtle (toad, frog) overcomes strong adversaries
m29lTrickster is an opossumIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is an opossum
m30Trickster falls downPerson or creature who has no wings or is unable to fly on a long distance attempts to ascend to the sky or to fly far away but falls down or, deprived of his wings, remains in a place from which he is unable to return
m38Stupid imitation (all versions)Person sees how others act using magic or according to their animal nature. He or she imitates their actions and gets into trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and refer to everyday activity, mostly to providing and cooking food
m38aThe bungling hostBeing on a visit to other people or (more often) animals, an (animal)-person sees them act using magic or according to their animal nature. Back at home, he imitates their actions and gets in trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and mostly refer to providing and cooking food
m45A predator tricks animals to gather around himAn ogre or a stronger animal catches a man or a weaker animal or drives him into a small enclosure. He goes away for a while leaving a watchman. The watchman is unable to fulfill his duty and the man (the weak animal) escapes (usually he dupes the watchman). Most, though hardly all American cases can have post-Columbian African origin
m55Sprinkling hot coalsA man or a weaker animal leads the stronger one to a place that is allegedly dangerous (hot coals, ashes, sticks, etc. can fall there at night). When his companion is asleep, man throws sticks, sprinkles hot ashes or coals on him pretending that they fall on them both
m60bFalse doctor: a finished off victimThe deceiver who promised to cure a sick or wounded person or animal devours him or suggests a remedy that makes the sick one to feel ever worse
m73Exchanged excrements or vomits: who is strongerTwo (animal) persons compare their feces or vomits to know about the diet and habits of each other (who is the strongest). The weaker one gets to exchange the feces (vomits)
m73aExchanged excrementsTwo (animal) persons compare their feces (with different purpose). One of them gets to exchange them
m8Breaking the obstacleNon-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object
m8aBirds peck a rock to release prisonersBirds and sometimes also animals work hard to break from the outside or from the inside a rock, a tree truck, bonds, etc. to release some beings or themselves from confinement in a small enclosure or trap


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