Nogai



Tradition title rus: 
Ногайцы
Areal ID: 
5.1.5.2
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
264.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
88.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a23a


Name_eng: 
Who will see the Sun first?
Description: 

Two persons or animals argue about who of them will be the first to see the rising sun. One who seemed to have less chances wins




Motif

b3a


Name_eng: 
Primeval waters
Description: 

Water is the original element, the dry earth appears later




Motif

b33


Name_eng: 
Mother of wind
Description: 

Female person is incarnation of wind, mother of winds, etc.




Motif

b35a


Name_eng: 
Tree fulfills wishes and then transforms into bear
Description: 

Tree grants a man the fulfillment of his wishes but ultimately transforms him into a bear




Motif

b46


Name_eng: 
Big Dipper is seven men
Description: 

Every one of the seven main stars of the Ursa mayor is a an adult man




Motif

b46a


Name_eng: 
Stolen star of the Pleiades
Description: 

One of the stars of the Pleiades was separated from others (usually abducted) by stars of Big Dipper and now is seen among them)




Motif

b50


Name_eng: 
Whose blood is sweeter?
Description: 

An insect feeds on human blood (flesh). Dangerous person asks it where it had sucked blood or whose blood (flesh) is the most delicious. Usually the insect lies or cannot answer (its tongue is cut off) and thanks to this dangerous person attacks certain plants or animals and not people




Motif

b51a


Name_eng: 
The snake is an enemy of the swallow
Description: 

The snake is an enemy of the swallow (usually because swallow does not let snake to destroy people; the snake sends mosquito or other bloodsucking insect to get know whose blood is the most delicious; the insect flies back to report that human blood is the sweetest; swallow bites its tongue off and the snake gets to pull off feathers from the swallow's tail)




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

c29


Name_eng: 
A listened in secret
Description: 

People or God get know a secret thanks to listening in its possessor when he speaks aloud with himself or with his relations. The received knowledge is related to cosmogony or acquisition of cultural values




Motif

c31


Name_eng: 
The wise hedgehog (cosmology)
Description: 

A hedgehog proves to be smarter than gods and than other animals; he possesses the knowledge that is of crucial importance for survival of humans




Motif

e9


Name_eng: 
The mysterious housekeeper
Description: 

Person observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one




Motif

e9h


Name_eng: 
Dove-wife
Description: 

A man marries dove-woman




Motif

e31a


Name_eng: 
Creators and rescuers of a girl
Description: 

Several men take part in rescuing, creation or reanimation of a girl (rare: a bird) or several women take part in the reanimation of a dead man or they differetly express their grief. It is asked whose role was crucial (who behavior more noble) and/or who should be the spouse of the reanimated person. Or three men make something valuable and it is asked whose role in the corresponding enterprise was more important




Motif

f39


Name_eng: 
The time of women
Description: 

The women dominated over the men in the past or in a far away land, were the active part in marriage relations, practiced activities which now are reserved of the men only. Or the women could obtained supremacy but failed to do it for some reason




Motif

h34e


Name_eng: 
The edible snow
Description: 

Snow was edible or something edible was falling from the sky instead of the snow




Motif

i7


Name_eng: 
The cloud serpent
Description: 

A flying reptile produces rain, thunderstorm




Motif

i13a


Name_eng: 
The horned serpent
Description: 

Giant water-chthonic or sky serpent or dragon has horns or antlers on its head




Motif

i50


Name_eng: 
Ungulate animal with more than four legs
Description: 

An ungulate animal (a horse, an elk, a moose) with six or more legs is described or represented in art




Motif

i52


Name_eng: 
Fish the earth-holder
Description: 

World is supported by fish or fish-like monster or the earth itself is such a monster




Motif

i60


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a seam in the sky
Description: 

Milky Way is a sky seam, a concealed fissure or crack between two half of the sky vault




Motif

i62


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a river
Description: 

Milky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim




Motif

i85


Name_eng: 
Polaris is a pole, a nail
Description: 

Polaris is a (tethering) pole or a nail




Motif

i87a


Name_eng: 
Series of creatures ever greater in size
Description: 

Personage of gigantic dimensions in respect to normal humans and animals proves to be tiny dwarf in respect to another personage




Motif

i87aa


Name_eng: 
The big bull
Description: 

Huge bull (rare: horse) is described: its head is in one field, its tail in another; a bathhouse on its tale, a lake on its back; person who is near the head walks a long time till he meets another neat the tail; etc. Usually the bull is killed and eaten (by people in Baltic Finnish traditions and in Russian bylina from Olonets area; by bird in most of southern traditions)




Motif

i99


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are boys or men
Description: 

The Pleiades are a group of boys or men, or a group of different people but predominantly males




Motif

i100b


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a group of people
Description: 

The Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)




Motif

j4


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the male relatives
Description: 

Heroes avenge the murder or captivity of the male relatives: (grand)father, uncles, or the elder relatives in general, the loss of the males being the most traumatic




Motif

j28b


Name_eng: 
A hot scone
Description: 

A youth gets to know that a woman (usually his mother) conceals from him important information about his father, brothers or bride. He causes her pain (usually putting hot scone, handful of hot grain, etc. into her hand) making her tell him the truth




Motif

j32


Name_eng: 
To identify the night thief
Description: 

Some valuables (foals, hay, apples, etc.) are regularly stolen. Nobody (the elder brothers) is able to catch the thief and only the hero (the younger brother) finds who it is




Motif

j32a


Name_eng: 
To guard father’s grave
Description: 

Before passing away a man asks his sons to guard his grave for a certain time or to bring something to his grave. The youngest son goes and obtains valuables




Motif

j42


Name_eng: 
Waters split apart
Description: 

When person comes to the water body, waters are split apart so the person reaches the other bank walking on the dry ground




Motif

k12


Name_eng: 
Woman is lost and returned
Description: 

By trick or by force, a rival or adversary kidnaps hero's wife or bride. The man gets her back




Motif

k24


Name_eng: 
Stolen clothes of supernatural woman
Description: 

Women who possess supernatural power and usually come from a non-human world (from sky, from under the water, they are winged beings, bird- or animal-persons) take off their clothes (feather skins and the like) or part of it. Because a man hides the clothes (of one of them), their owner(s) have (has) to marry him or help him




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

k27c


Name_eng: 
Ordeal: knives and thorns
Description: 

An ordeal: to remain alive after contact with sharp points or blades




Motif

k27f


Name_eng: 
The task: to get a woman
Description: 

A task-giver asks the hero to get for him a particular woman




Motif

k27g


Name_eng: 
Ordeal: to bathe in a boiling liquid
Description: 

Person is ordered to bathe in a (boiling) milk or other hot liquid or to jump into fire. He remains unharmed but his adversary usually dies




Motif

k27nn


Name_eng: 
Envious minister
Description: 

Not the powerful person himself but his official or adviser tries to get rid of the hero and suggests that the person should give the hero difficult tasks




Motif

k27q


Name_eng: 
Milk of the wild beast
Description: 

Hero is sent to bring milk of a wild animal or milk in possession of a dangerous creature or person




Motif

k27r


Name_eng: 
To visit the world of the dead
Description: 

A task: to bring object or news from the land of the dead




Motif

k28


Name_eng: 
Father or uncle is rival and enemy
Description: 

Maternal uncle or father (or grandfather if he replaces father who is not mentioned) of the young man is his rival or enemy and tries to kill him




Motif

k29a


Name_eng: 
Surviving in a fire
Description: 

Hero demonstrates his supernatural abilities remaining alive in a burning hot chamber, stove, bonfire, among burning vegetation




Motif

k32


Name_eng: 
The false wife
Description: 

An ugly, old, lazy, etc. woman or (in Chaco) a male trickster comes to man under disguise of his wife or bride who is driven out, confined to the underworld, killed, etc.




Motif

k32g


Name_eng: 
Punishment: torn apart by horses
Description: 

To punish an antagonist, he or she is tied to a horse (camel, bull) and dragged or he or she is torn apart (usually by horses)




Motif

k33


Name_eng: 
Drowned woman remains alive
Description: 

A young woman is transformed into an animal, pushed into the water, into the underworld or she herself has to plunge into water (acquire animal form). Her connection with the human world is not completely lost, however, and usually she is helped to return to the people




Motif

k38d


Name_eng: 
Monster blocks waters
Description: 

A monster blocks sources of water (or sends floods) and usually gives some (promises not to send floods) in exchange for human victims or valuables. Hero kills the monster




Motif

k39


Name_eng: 
Man feeds his own flesh to a creature who helps him
Description: 

Person has to feed powerful creature (usually a giant bird) giving it regularly pieces of meat. When meat supply is exhausted, he cuts off a piece of his own flesh




Motif

k49


Name_eng: 
Dead mother returns to nurse her baby
Description: 

A woman who is transformed into animal or driven out of the human world returns to her baby to feed and to care for him




Motif

k56


Name_eng: 
The kind and the unkind girls
Description: 

One of (step)sisters, co-spouses or young female neighbors meets a being that is able to reward and to punish. She behaves herself properly and is rewarded. Another (other) girl comes to the same being but behaves in a wrong way and is punished (not rewarded).




Motif

k56a4


Name_eng: 
Dog the messenger
Description: 

When the kind girl returns home, a dog barks saying that everything is well with her and when the unkind girl returns (or her dead body is brought home), the dog barks that everything is bad




Motif

k56b


Name_eng: 
The worthy man is rewarded, the unworthy punished
Description: 

First one, then another man meets a powerful person or persons. The first man is worthy and rewarded with treasure, prestige or the like. The second man (or two men) follows him, behaves in a wrong way and is punished




Motif

k56c


Name_eng: 
Golden axe
Description: 

A man loses an axe. A spirit or a powerful official suggests him a golden axe but the man does not accept it. The spirit (official) gives him axes of gold and silver as a reward for his honesty. Usually another man intentionally loses his axe, claims the golden one but receives nothing




Motif

k561


Name_eng: 
The wise carving of the fowl
Description: 

A poor man brings his master a chicken (goose, etc.) as a present. The master asks him to divide the bird appropriately among the members of his household. The poor man does it considering the symbolic meaning of particular parts (gives the master the head, his daughters the wings, etc.) and receives rich compensation. A neighbor brings the master five chickens but is unable to divide them approppriately. The first man does it again.




Motif

k61a


Name_eng: 
To get know a secret
Description: 

To get know the precise number of certain units, to select certain object among many others, to get know a name of particular person or a reason of particular phenomenon, person tries to surprise (or unintentionally surprises) the possessor of the knowledge who becomes to speak aloud and so provides the hero with necessary information




Motif

k61b


Name_eng: 
To get know names
Description: 

To get know names of strangers, person finds or creates situations when the strangers call each other by name




Motif

k66


Name_eng: 
Extraordinary companions
Description: 

Several companions have extraordinary abilities (one who runs fast, one who eats great quantities, one who produces or can withstand severe frost, etc.); a hero comes across and takes for companions several men, each of them being involved into a special and unusual activity




Motif

k72


Name_eng: 
Three maidens
Description: 

Powerful person listens in conversation of three (rare: two or four) women. Each of them tells what she would do if the person marries her. One promises to bear his son (children) who would have wonderful qualities, two others promise to practice some kind of work or (more rare) marry people of lower status




Motif

k73


Name_eng: 
Children of the youngest wife
Description: 

A young woman promises to bear a wonderful children (wonderful son). In her husband's absence other people (co-wives, mother-in-law, etc.) try to kill the mother and/or the child, usually slandering the young woman




Motif

k75


Name_eng: 
The youngest daughter is willing (The loathsome bridegroom)
Description: 

A girl (usually the youngest of several sisters) does not reject but marries a poor, sick, dirty, old, too young, non-human, etc. man who later demonstrates his supernatural qualities




Motif

k75a


Name_eng: 
Thrown apple hits the chosen one
Description: 

Boy or girl selects one person among many throwing an object (usually an apple) into him or her. This way a girl makes a choice of a husband, a young man of a bride, a boy identifies his father




Motif

k81


Name_eng: 
The handless girl
Description: 

For minor offence or because of false accusation a young girl or woman is maimed and expelled from home (rare: killed or she kills herself). The maimed person magically obtains her body integrity (the dead revives)




Motif

k82


Name_eng: 
Evil sister-in-law
Description: 

Wife of a man or wives of a group of brothers envy his (their) sister and tries (try) to destroy her




Motif

k84


Name_eng: 
Sisters married to animals
Description: 

Young man gives his sisters to the first bridegrooms who claim them. These are demons or animals who usually later help him




Motif

k99


Name_eng: 
Prophecy of future sovereiniy
Description: 

A young man or (rare) a girl has a (day-)dream that predicts his or her future triumph. The dreamer either conceals or reports its contest to his family and in both cases is punished for too high opinion of himself. In the beginning the dreamer sometimes sells his dream to another young man, who becomes the protagonist of the tale. Adventures that follow explain the contest of the dream. The youth becomes rich and happy (e.g. marries heiresses of two kingdoms, that in the dream were symbolized by two suns or a sun and a moon), the girl marries king's son




Motif

k110


Name_eng: 
Reflection of golden sword
Description: 

Person must get a treasure from the bottom of water body. He understands that what he sees is a reflection in water while the treasure is high in a tree




Motif

k119


Name_eng: 
Animal helper marries a poor boy to a princess
Description: 

To make a poor man rich (usually to marry him to a rich girl or to marry a poor girl to a prince), an animal makes other people believe that the groom is rich already. The man becomes prosperous indeed




Motif

k119a


Name_eng: 
The ungrateful master
Description: 

An animal saves a man or helps him but the ungrateful man humiliates the animal, kills or tries to kill it




Motif

k121


Name_eng: 
Wanderer at a crossroad
Description: 

It is written at a crossroad that following one of the paths person will safely return and following another it will not return (there is often a third path following which person either returns or not). Hero follows the dangerous path




Motif

k123


Name_eng: 
Old woman’s curse
Description: 

A youth or (rare) girl offends an elder woman. Her words make him or her to be overcome by desire to undertake something dangerous (usually to get a particular marriage partner)




Motif

l15d


Name_eng: 
The external soul
Description: 

Life of a person or creature is preserved outside of his (her, its) body. Person or creature dies after the corresponding object is destroyed




Motif

l19b


Name_eng: 
Beings with odd number of heads
Description: 

Being (any besides birds) with more than ten heads or with odd (but more than one) number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. If beings with ever more number of heads are named, the row ends with a being that has odd (or more than ten) number of heads




Motif

l37b


Name_eng: 
Secrets accidentally overheard
Description: 

Person accidentally overhears secrets of animals or demons and thus gets to know the causes of his and other people's misfortunes




Motif

l72


Name_eng: 
The obstacle flight
Description: 

Running away from a dangerous being, person throws small objects behind him or her which turn into mighty obstacles on the way of the pursuer




Motif

l72a


Name_eng: 
Comb becomes a thicket
Description: 

Running away from a dangerous being, person throws a comb (a brush) that turns into mighty obstacle (usually a thicket) on the way of the pursuer. (In South America the motif is probably of European origin)




Motif

l93a


Name_eng: 
Helpful fox
Description: 

Cunning fox, jackal or coyote saves particular person or many people, helps them




Motif

l94


Name_eng: 
Child promised to demon
Description: 

A demon helps a man or a woman or lets him or her free. As a reward, the person is forced to promise to give the demon his child




Motif

l100


Name_eng: 
Transformation flight
Description: 

A youth and a girl who run away from pursuer transform themselves into a pair of persons, creatures or objects (pond and duck, church and priest, etc.) in order to escape detection by the pursuer




Motif

l100b


Name_eng: 
Forgotten fiancée
Description: 

The hero and his bride get to escape from the pursuer. The youth goes to visit his home, leaving his bride behind for a time and forgets her. When the youth is going to marry another girl, the forgotten fiancée reawakens his memory by performing magic actions. Or the girl herself forgets her magic husband as soon as she gets to her parents’ home




Motif

m29b


Name_eng: 
Trickster-fox, jackal or coyote
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote




Motif

m62a


Name_eng: 
Quarrel provoked by action [not in correlation table]
Description: 

Hero imperceptibly causes detriment to two persons or creatures. They accuse each other and fight




Motif

m77


Name_eng: 
A soiled bed
Description: 

While person is asleep, another smears with excrements or something that reminds excrements his or her bed or clothes. The ashamed person runs away or agrees to make what the trickster wants in exchange of his silence




Motif

m78


Name_eng: 
A tiny boy (Thumbling)
Description: 

Tiny boy as small as a thumb, a pea and the like taunts people, predator animals, ogres




Motif

m91


Name_eng: 
The killed corpse
Description: 

Person pretends that a person (often his or her mother, spouse or lover) who recently died is alive, claims that the death of the false alive resulted from negligence of others and gets a reward




Motif

m91b


Name_eng: 
The sold ashes
Description: 

Using trick, a man sells or exchanges for treasure ashes. Another person tries to sell ashes and is ridiculed




Motif

m91c1


Name_eng: 
Herd from the river bottom
Description: 

Person gets other person’s possessions by trick (or pretends to get it; usually another person is drowned instead of him) and then demonstrates his possessions (usually a herd) and explains that he had received everything at the river bottom. His enemies believe him




Motif

m91c2


Name_eng: 
Put into the bag
Description: 

Person is put into a bag (a cage, tied up, etc.) to be drowned, burned, etc. He pretends to be in this situation by his own will or because he refuses to marry a princess, to become a chief and the like. Another person is willing to take his place and is killed




Motif

m98


Name_eng: 
Who are more numerous?
Description: 

Person reckons up number of members in two enormous and alternative multitudes (alive trees and dead trees, men and women, etc.). Usually numbers prove to be equal but one member possesses the qualities of the both multitudes. Adding it to one of them, person demonstrates his case




Motif

m99


Name_eng: 
Intention to exterminate birds
Description: 

Person is going to exterminate birds but decides not to do thanks to a wise adviser




Motif

m116


Name_eng: 
Wisdom of hidden old man saves kingdom
Description: 

People are ordered to kill their fathers or (rare) mothers (the Nyoro: to deprive them of power and property; the Baluch: not to take them setting off for the journey). An old man concealed by his son helps to resolve difficult problem




Motif

m153


Name_eng: 
Letter on the hoof
Description: 

The wolf (lion, etc.) is going to eat a horse (mule, etc.). The horse asks him to look at his hoof (for different reasons) or eat him from his hindquarters forward; then he kicks him




Motif

m156


Name_eng: 
The ungrateful one returned to captivity
Description: 

An (animal) person saves a dangerous animal from a snare or the like. The saved one is going to kill his savior but the third person saves the second (usually tricks the first one to captivity again)




Motif

m163


Name_eng: 
The precious cat
Description: 

Person gets to a country where rats or mice are a plague and receives a fortune selling a cat




Motif

m171


Name_eng: 
The profitable exchange: from a pea to a horse
Description: 

Person or animal stays for a night and the next morning declares that his possessions (which value is none or negligible) are lost. Or other persons whom the trickster meets really use or spoil objects that the trickster gives them. Every time he receives in compensation objects or animals with ever bigger value, the last acquisition usually being a costly animal or a girl. (All texts with motifs M171A and M171C contain also the motif M171)




Motif

m178


Name_eng: 
The lying goat
Description: 

A man sends others one after the other to pasture the goat. Back home, the goat always complains it did not get anything to eat. The man angrily sends away or kills his shepherds (who usually are his family members). When he himself pastures the goat he realizes that it lies. He is going to kill the goat, usually skins it, but it escapes




Motif

m179a


Name_eng: 
The owner driven out of his house
Description: 

Using a trick the intruder occupies other person’s house and refuses to let the owner in




Motif

m57d2


Name_eng: 
Tree grants a wish
Description: 

When a man is going to fell a tree, the tree itself or the being who lives in (on) it asks him not to do it and grants the man’s wishes




Motif

b46c


Name_eng: 
Big Dipper is seven persons or animals
Description: 

Every main star of the Big Dipper is interpreted as a particular person or animal




Motif

k25a1


Name_eng: 
Magic wife finds her clothes
Description: 

Magic wife abandons her mortal husband when she finds her clothes (often, her feathers if she is a bird-woman), makes herself the new clothes, receives them from her kin or her husband gives her her clothing believing that she will not abandon him. (Versions with magic wife abandoning her husband because she feels herself offended is not alternative to the “found clothes but in most of the texts these motifs are not combined)




Motif

k99b


Name_eng: 
Eloping with the wrong man
Description: 

At night a girl’s lover has to carry her away but falls asleep or is late. She is carried away by another man who happened to be on the place




Motif

k27z1


Name_eng: 
Bird, horse and princess
Description: 

Helpful animal instructs the hero how to steal an object he needs to get but not to take anything else (bird, but not cage, horse but not bridle, etc.) The hero breaks prohibition, is caught but released on condition that he brings another wonderful object. Situation is repeated and the last task is to bring a girl. Ultimately the hero gets both the girl and all the objects




Motif

k27r2


Name_eng: 
The dancing apples
Description: 

A task: to bring objects (usually fruits) that act like people, i.e. dance, sing and the like




Motif

k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)


Name_eng: 
Competitions and difficult tasks
Description: 

Person is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life




Motif

i87a1


Name_eng: 
Small or big? A dialogue
Description: 

Two persons engaged into dialogue describe a series of objects and creatures as simultaneously giant and small




Motif

l125


Name_eng: 
Demonic wife recognized
Description: 

A man marries a beauty but catches her in a situation when her not human nature is revealed. After this their marriage breaks down




Motif

m90b


Name_eng: 
The sunrise in the West
Description: 

Person was wrong being sure that the Sun cannot rise from the West




Motif

m114a


Name_eng: 
Clothes of stone
Description: 

Person is suggested to make clothes of stone or iron or to skin a stone




Motif

m114b


Name_eng: 
Not clothed and not naked
Description: 

When a person is suggested to make something and simultaneously not to make it or to make it differently than it could be made at all (to come clothed and naked, with and without a gift, etc.), he or she finds the solution




Motif

m198b


Name_eng: 
The pretended astrologer
Description: 

A person who has not a bit of a skill to expose thieves and find the lost objects does it successfully thanks to a series of lucky coincidences




Motif

k27z5


Name_eng: 
An agreement to marry the would be born children
Description: 

Two men agree to marry their future children if a girl and a boy will be born. The girl’s parents evade the given obligation. The boy grows up and finds his bride




Motif

m157b


Name_eng: 
To take the one thing she holds dearest
Description: 

Husband casts his wife out but allows her to take the one thing she holds dearest. She takes her sleeping or drunk husband with her and thus moves him to forgive her




Motif

m171c


Name_eng: 
In exchange for a thorn
Description: 

Somebody pulls out a thorn from a person’s body (cuts off the end of the animal’s tail, etc.) and throws it away or slightly injures the person. As a result the person is compensated with something more valuable than the lost object




Motif

l81b


Name_eng: 
Hero’s legs are cut off
Description: 

Hero’s companions cut off his legs and abandon him (usually they put a sword in front of his tent and when the hero runs out in a hurry, he is wounded by the blade)




Motif

k27z7


Name_eng: 
To get know what is the rose of the heart
Description: 

A person promises to fulfill somebody’s request if another gets to know why certain man or woman acts regularly in a strange way




Motif

m171a


Name_eng: 
The profitable exchange: getting a girl
Description: 

Person or animal gets to exchange less valuable goods for ever more valuable. The last or the next to last one is a girl




Motif

m90a2


Name_eng: 
From what did the plant grow?
Description: 

It should be guessed that the plant grew from a part of the body of a man or a snake or from dirt scraped off from the body




Motif

i82h


Name_eng: 
Venus’ name is Čolpan
Description: 

The name of the Venus is like Čolpan, Čolbon, Tsulmon, etc.




Motif

l72c


Name_eng: 
Obstacle flight: the thrown mirror
Description: 

Running away from a dangerous being, person throws a pair of scissors behind him or her creating an obstacle on the way of the pursuer




Motif

b46a1


Name_eng: 
Stars of Big Dipper are robbers
Description: 

Stars of Big Dipper are thieves robbers




Motif

i46a


Name_eng: 
Old woman’s rainbow
Description: 

Rainbow is associated with an old woman




Motif

n2


Name_eng: 
Initial formula: when a goat was a colonel
Description: 

Epics and folktales begin with an initial formula in which it is claimed that animals fulfilled social or economic roles of the people




Motif

m198b2


Name_eng: 
Grasshopper by name, the astrologer
Description: 

A king (landlord, etc.) suggests to guess what he has in his hand (in a box). It is an insect there (usually a grasshopper). The man says that now you, Grasshopper, is caught. People think that he gave the correct answer




Motif

k149


Name_eng: 
The three knots
Description: 

Person receives a rope, reins or the like with three knots. If untied, person can move more or less rapidly. Usually untying the first two knots he makes his ship or his horse move more rapidly but, besides warning, he (being near to his destination) unties the third knot too and because of it he looses his ship or his horse, does not reach his destination, etc.




Motif

e31a1


Name_eng: 
Three men construct a woman which becomes alive: to whom does she belong?
Description: 

Three (rare two or four) men take part in creation of a girl: one cuts her body of wood, another puts clothes on her, the third one makes her alive. To whom does she belong?




Motif

i58


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is the way of birds
Description: 

Milky Way is the path of migratory birds (especially wild geese)




Motif

i59b1


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is the road to a remote city
Description: 

Milky Way is the road to a remote city (Rome, Jerusalem, etc.)




Motif

n10b


Name_eng: 
The transparent neck
Description: 

A girl (rare: a youth) with transparent neck is described, food or drinks swallowed by her or him are seen. Such a neck is an evidence of the beauty




Motif

n10


Name_eng: 
The transparent body
Description: 

A woman (rare: a man) with transparent body is described. This transparence is an evidence of the beauty




Motif

k151


Name_eng: 
The fisherman and his wife
Description: 

Supernatural creature fulfills a poor man’s moderate request. After this he or his wife asks for ever bigger gifts till the angry helper punishes them (usually takes all his gifts away)




Motif

m197b


Name_eng: 
The neighing stallions and the mares who foaled
Description: 

A powerful man claims that after his stallions neighed his neighbor’s mares foaled, that all foals in his land are born by his mare, etc. A youth comes to kill dogs of the man because they did not drive wolves in due time (because they scared game, etc.). The dogs were far away from the place of the event and the man recognizes that his trick failed




Motif

k152


Name_eng: 
The devil is frightened and runs away
Description: 

A man saves a devil (snake, dangerous animal) who suffers from proximity of certain object or person. The grateful devil promises to enter a princess and abandon her as soon as the man comes to cure her. The man will get a reward but he should not try such a trick again. The man scares the devil forever telling him that the object or person of which the devil is afraid will be near soon




Motif

k35a2


Name_eng: 
An animal with the shining hide
Description: 

A man kills an animal with the shining hide. When a powerful person gets to know about the hide he tells the man to fulfill difficult tasks




Motif

g6a


Name_eng: 
Tree of the year
Description: 

Year is described as a tree with the number of branches, twigs, leaves etc. corresponding to the number of seasons, months, days, etc.




Motif

m114g


Name_eng: 
The camel is high, the goat has a long beard
Description: 

Only a young boy gives clever answers to the questions or riddles of a powerful man. When this man asks why they sent to him a boy and not a higher and elder person, the boy says that if the man needs somebody who are high and whose beard is long, these are camel and goat




Motif

k32g1


Name_eng: 
Forty horses or forty knives?
Description: 

Person is asked to choose between objects that have utilitarian value, often forty (seven, etc.) horses or forty knives. Usually the person does not understand that the question is about different kinds of execution




Motif

e31c


Name_eng: 
Rescuers of an abducted girl
Description: 

Every one of several men had learned a unique skill thanks to which they save a girl abducted by demon or animal




Motif

a32e


Name_eng: 
Person with an object in hands
Description: 

Person who holds some object in his or her hands is seen in the moon (rare: in the sun)




Motif

a32f


Name_eng: 
Water-carrier in the Moon
Description: 

Person who went to fetch water and/or holds in hands a container for liquid is seen in the moon




Motif

a32i


Name_eng: 
A shepherd in the moon
Description: 

A shepherd or herdsman (alone or with a girl, with his herd, dogs) is seen in the moon




Motif

i35


Name_eng: 
Dragging a hide produces thunder
Description: 

Thunder is produced by dragging behind a dry animal skin or (rare) a person (rare) or by shaking clothes




Motif

i35a


Name_eng: 
Old woman’s thunder
Description: 

Thunder is produced by an old woman who lives in the sky




Motif

i45a


Name_eng: 
Not to point at the Moon or a star
Description: 

Person who points at the Moon or a star or looks intently at them will get sick or die or his pointing finger will rot or wither




Motif

i46


Name_eng: 
Rainbow belt
Description: 

Rainbow is the ornamented part of the clothes, its decoration, a belt




Motif

i82i


Name_eng: 
Venus is Zahra (Zuhra, Zura, etc.)
Description: 

The name of an object of the night sky (usually Venus) is like Zakhra, Zukhra, Zura, etc.




Motif

l9c


Name_eng: 
Sharp breast
Description: 

Person has a sharp axe-like protrusion on his breast




Motif

a32


Name_eng: 
Figure on lunar disc
Description: 

A figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)




Motif

a32d


Name_eng: 
Man in the Moon
Description: 

Human being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon




Motif

b2a


Name_eng: 
The female earth
Description: 

The earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman




Motif

b2e


Name_eng: 
The male earth
Description: 

The earth or the world as a whole is a male person (alone or together with a female person)




Motif

b3b


Name_eng: 
Earth grows big
Description: 

Original earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance




Motif

b79a


Name_eng: 
A bird laid an egg
Description: 

In the beginning of time a bird flies, lays an egg or eggs, different objects and creatures emerge from them or a bird drops some solid substance on the waters and the dry land or an island appear




Motif

c6


Name_eng: 
Valuables brought from the lower world
Description: 

Persons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)




Motif

c6c


Name_eng: 
The diver is a bird
Description: 

An aquatic bird dives and brings the desired object from the bottom




Motif

c6d


Name_eng: 
The aquisition of the earth from the lower world
Description: 

The dry land (the earth) grows from a small amount of solid substance (sand, clay, dirt and the like) brought from the lower world (usually from the bottom of the ocean)




Motif

d1


Name_eng: 
Female spirit of fire
Description: 

Fire is personified as an (elder) woman, alone or with her husband, master of fire




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

f9f1


Name_eng: 
Snake inside woman
Description: 

Poisonous snake (snakes, scorpions) comes out of the mouth of a woman {Motif F9f1 and K100c are almost identical but F9f1 links to a cluster of etiological/cosmological motifs related to the idea of a dangerous woman while K100c is related to adventures}




Motif

f9g


Name_eng: 
Brunhilde
Description: 

A strong woman overcomes and kills suitors. Hero or his helper tames her (usually whips in the wedding night). The hero marries her




Motif

i3


Name_eng: 
Weapon of Thunder
Description: 

The lightning (and thunder) is (produced with) an object (axe, sword, mirror, belt, stones, skin, etc.) in hands of anthropomorphic being




Motif

i9


Name_eng: 
Colors of the cardinal directions
Description: 

Four cardinal directions and/or some objects associated with them are associated with different colors




Motif

i12


Name_eng: 
The world axis
Description: 

A tree or post pierces and unites different layers of the universe




Motif

i20


Name_eng: 
The undeground dwarfs
Description: 

Race of dwarfs lives under the ground (deep under the earth or in hills and rocks) or at the horizon where the earth and the sky meet




Motif

i32


Name_eng: 
Tree of the babies
Description: 

There is (or was) a tree on which souls of still unborn babies grow, which leaves transform into people, or which trunk is covered with female breasts or flowers that innumerable babies are sucking




Motif

i32a


Name_eng: 
Tree of human life
Description: 

When a leave or a fruit of a certain tree drops, one of the people on the earth dies




Motif

i78


Name_eng: 
The square earth
Description: 

The earth is square, the sky is usually round




Motif

i82b


Name_eng: 
Venus is female
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a female personage




Motif

i85a


Name_eng: 
Animals walk around Polaris
Description: 

Hoofed animals are walking around Polaris or the movement of stars is compared with the movement of animals around a post




Motif

i103


Name_eng: 
The dog star
Description: 

Sirius is associated with a dog or a wolf




Motif

j46


Name_eng: 
Enemy drowns
Description: 

Antagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body




Motif

k2


Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)




Motif

k2a


Name_eng: 
Hero marooned in the underworld
Description: 

Hero is sent to the lower world though a well, precipice, etc. After he obtains valuables (young women), his envious companions cut the rope to get rid of him but he succeeds in returning back




Motif

k38


Name_eng: 
Hero helps the nestlings
Description: 

For helping its children, their powerful mother or father who is a giant bird or (rare) other flying being helps the hero




Motif

k38a


Name_eng: 
White and black rams
Description: 

Getting to the underworld, hero should take a white ram (horse) which would carry him back to earth. By chance, he takes the black one which carries him even deeper to the lower level of the underworld. Or the hero grabs not the right but the left horn of the animal and because of this gets to the wrong place




Motif

k38b


Name_eng: 
The nestlings and the aggressive snake
Description: 

A serpent or water monster regularly devours or injures children of a bird or other flying creature (almost always nestlings of giant bird). The hero kills the serpent (monster)




Motif

k74


Name_eng: 
Hero, his companions and a dwarf
Description: 

The hero and his companion or companions live together. Every morning one stays at home while another or others go to hunt, etc. A demonic person comes, eats up all the food and beats the cook. Or the man who remained at home comes to the demon himself in search of fire and is maltreated by him. The hero kills or neutralizes the demon




Motif

k74a


Name_eng: 
Only the hero gets to overcome the demon whose track he then follows
Description: 

Every time a demon commits an outrage upon one of the men who remains at home. When it is the hero’s turn, he overcomes the demon and follows his track to his world




Motif

k80c


Name_eng: 
The cranes of Ibycus
Description: 

Person becomes a victim of a murder. Just before dying he or she calls on some birds (celestial bodies, animals, plants, etc.) to bear witness for the crime. Getting to see these birds (this plant, the Sun, the Moon, etc.) the murderer reveals himself without thinking. Or the birds, being the only witnesses, bring the investigators to the murderers.




Motif

k85


Name_eng: 
Horses-brothers
Description: 

An antagonist possesses a horse which can overtake any other. Hero obtains the brother (sister) of this horse who is the only one to win the race with the antagonist's horse




Motif

k100b


Name_eng: 
A grateful dead
Description: 

A young man helps to bury a man (pays the debts of the dead man, honors a saint). When the young man sets off for a journey, the grateful dead (the saint) in guise of a stranger becomes his protector




Motif

k100c


Name_eng: 
Girl’s bridegrooms are bitten by a snake
Description: 

. The hero or his companion eliminate the source of danger




Motif

k136a


Name_eng: 
Girl’s hair picked up from a river
Description: 

A man finds the woman’s hair that was carried by water and decides to marry its owner




Motif

k147


Name_eng: 
Hero's horse brings his remains and he is revived
Description: 

Enemy cuts hero’s body into pieces and ties them to his horse or the horse itself picks them up and brings to his master’s friends. They revive him.




Motif

l10a


Name_eng: 
Demon comes to hunter’s camp-fire
Description: 

A hunter spends night in a desolate place. A demon comes to his fire. When the demon falls asleep or goes away for a while, the hunter puts his clothes over a log and hides nearby. When the demon attacks the log taking it for the man, the hunter wounds or kills the demon




Motif

l15e


Name_eng: 
Hero’s life in his sword
Description: 

Hero's life is in certain object, usually in his weapon. When antagonist steals the object, the hero dies but revives after his friends or brothers find the object and bring it back




Motif

l42g


Name_eng: 
Hansel and Gretel
Description: 

Step mother or more often father (persuaded by his wife) abandons children in a desolate place. Getting to the ogre or ogress, children (or at least one of them) survive and ultimately achieve success




Motif

l42g1


Name_eng: 
Chops are heard, woodcutter is gone
Description: 

Father (step mother) abandons children in the forest. He (she) hangs a plank (gourd, shoe, etc.) on a tree that is striking trunk under the wind. Children believe that he is still nearby cutting woods




Motif

l95a


Name_eng: 
Floating lungs
Description: 

A lung or a liver lies on a road or floats in a pond etc. As soon as person touches them, a dangerous demon appears in front of him




Motif

m171b


Name_eng: 
Shoulder-blade with no meat
Description: 

Person pretends that he has not a bare should-blade but a good piece of meat, asks people to cook it and then blames them for stealing the meat




Motif

l72d


Name_eng: 
Obstacle flight: the thrown scissors
Description: 

Running away from a dangerous being, person throws a pair of scissors behind him or her creating an obstacle on the way of the pursuer




Motif

a4


Name_eng: 
Female sun
Description: 

The Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female




Motif

b90


Name_eng: 
Master of wolves
Description: 

There is an anthropomorphic patron or patroness of wolves. Usually he or she gives instructions to wolves on particular day of the year




Motif

c33


Name_eng: 
Prometeus (the chained strong man)
Description: 

A strong man who ventured to confront God is for a long time (for eternity) chained to a mountain or to a post




Motif

h55


Name_eng: 
Sinners in other world
Description: 

Person who visits the other world gets to see different people punished or rewarded according to their behavior when they were alive on earth




Motif

i50a


Name_eng: 
Torn off legs of the helpful animal
Description: 

Demon tears off or devours one by one legs of aт animal who helps the hero, usually of his riding horse




Motif

i51a


Name_eng: 
Bull the earth-holder
Description: 

Big mammal supports the earth




Motif

i100


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are girls
Description: 

The Pleiades are a group of girls or women (with children)




Motif

i100b


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a group of people
Description: 

The Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)




Motif

k154


Name_eng: 
A skull with an inscription
Description: 

A man picks up a skull with an enigmatic and ominous inscription on it. Later its meaning becomes clear




Motif

l65b


Name_eng: 
Dogs save their master
Description: 

A demonic woman or (rare) her paramour or a monster is going to kill a man usually after driving him up a tree. At the last moment the man's dogs or other animals or birds who are the man's pets come and kill the demon




Motif

m138


Name_eng: 
Human and animal life spans are readjusted
Description: 

God originally gives 20 or 30 years to everybody. Some animals refuse some of their years because of their sufferings. Man wants to have more years and takes them from the animals




Motif

k93b2


Name_eng: 
Conception from eaten fruit
Description: 

After eating a fruit (usually an apple, in Northern traditions also an egg), the sterile woman gives birth to a son or twins




Motif

k93b3


Name_eng: 
Boys, colts and puppies are born the same day
Description: 

To have children, a woman eats a fish, apple or something else. A mare, a bitch or other domestic animals eat part of this food (often skin, broth, etc.). The woman gives birth to a boy (twins) a mare to colts, a bitch to puppies




Motif

m99a


Name_eng: 
Palace of birds bones
Description: 

Person is going to build a palace (tower, etc.) made of bird bones




Motif

k117a


Name_eng: 
To make a mute woman speak
Description: 

A girl who keeps silence is promised to one who would make her speak; a man with much difficulty makes his magic wife speak




Motif

k123a


Name_eng: 
A broken vessel
Description: 

A youth breaks or overthrows a vessel of a woman or girl. This episode is a trigger for the narrative




Motif

n21


Name_eng: 
The Dough-strong man
Description: 

The warrior-hero was made of dough and then became alive (his name is “The Dough”)




Motif

k33h


Name_eng: 
The cat, the dog and the magic object
Description: 

A man obtains an object that fulfills his wishes. The object is stolen but brought back by the animals (which had been saved by the man before)




Motif

l73a


Name_eng: 
Darkness behind, light ahead
Description: 

Fugitives create darkness behind them to trouble the pursuer (and light in front of them)




Motif

m116a


Name_eng: 
Ungrateful son reproved by naive actions of own son
Description: 

When an aged father is banned from the table and served his meals in a wooden cup by his son and his daughter-in-law, the little grandson starts to build a similar cup for his parents to use when they grow old. Thereupon the couple starts to reflect on their undignified behavior. Thinking of their own old age, they bring the old father back to the family table (previously type 980B). A son gives his father half a blanket (carpet, cape, cloth) to keep warm. Thereupon the little grandson keeps the other half of the blanket and explains that he will save it for his parents for when they are old (previously type 980A.). An aged father is abandoned by his son in the wilderness (abyss) in a cart (sledge, basket). The grandson keeps it in order to use it in the same way for his parents when they have grown old. They reflect on their behavior. (previously type 980C). The ungrateful son drags his old father out of the house. At the threshold the father says, "Do not drag me further; I dragged my own father only this far!". The son reflects on his bad behavior




Motif

m114d1


Name_eng: 
The boiled eggs: chicken should hatch tomorrow
Description: 

Person wants another to receive chickens from (boiled) eggs (and grow a hen) during one day. The opponent suggests equally impossible task




Motif

k100g


Name_eng: 
The son must be sacrificed
Description: 

To revive or to cure his friend (rare: himself) or to fulfill a vow person is ready to sacrifice his small (young) son (children). The son revives or the supernatural powers are satisfied with the very willingness of the person to commit sacrifice




Motif

k38f


Name_eng: 
The dragon-slayer
Description: 

A reptile monster demands humans (usually virgins) as a sacrifice or abducts a girl or closes sources of water. Hero kills him. Monster’s victims do not play an active part in the plot




Motif

j41c


Name_eng: 
Trials before confrontation with the antagonist
Description: 

A man sets off for a confrontation with dangerous adversary. On his way, he is suggested to fulfill difficult tasks and does it successfully. Usually the same tasks had been suggested before to another man who failed to fulfill them and was killed or imprisoned by the adversary




Motif

k56a4b


Name_eng: 
Yarn is gone with a wind
Description: 

A girl is told to clean (to spin) yarn (to weave, etc.). The yarn (spindle, a piece of fabric, etc.) is carried away by the wind. In search of it the girl comes to a person who makes her beautiful (gives precious gifts and the like)




Motif

n26


Name_eng: 
When wheat grew on the ice
Description: 

It is said that an action took place when cultivated plants (wheat, cotton) grew on the ice or on the salt




Motif

m116b


Name_eng: 
Monster who pursues people and a wise old man
Description: 

Monster pursues people who must run away to escape from it. An old man gives advice to a young man how to kill it from an ambush




Motif

k56f


Name_eng: 
To divide a chicken
Description: 

A divides the chicken among the members of a household (and guests) considering the symbolic meaning of particular parts (gives the master the head, his daughters the wings, etc.).




Motif

k56f1


Name_eng: 
To divide several chicken
Description: 

A poor man brings his master a chicken (goose, etc.) as a present. The master asks him to divide the bird appropriately among the members of his household. The poor man does it considering the symbolic meaning of particular parts (gives the master the head, his daughters the wings, etc.) and receives rich compensation. A neighbor brings the master five chickens but is unable to divide them appropriately. The first man does it again.




Motif

k85b


Name_eng: 
Magic three-legged horse
Description: 

A horse with a bigger number of legs or wings is faster than the horse that has lesser number of legs or wings




Motif

k73a


Name_eng: 
Baby child substituted with object or animal
Description: 

Hostile women substitute baby of the newly made mother with an animal or an object (inform the baby’s father that his wife has given birth to an animal or an object)




Motif

k38d1


Name_eng: 
A girl sacrificed to a dragon
Description: 

To appease a water monster (water spirits, gods) or to put an end to the drought or flood, a girl is sacrificed or descends into the water by her own will




Motif

k80c4


Name_eng: 
Mute witnesses of the crime
Description: 

In a deserted place, a man kills another. After some time he is exposed thanks to circumstances and facts that do not seem important and do not report on the crime directly (the victim’s last words; objects or live beings that were or appeared on the place of the murder). (All texts that contain motifs K80c, K80c1, K80c3, K80c4, also contain a more general motif K80c4)




Motif

m78e


Name_eng: 
Ear-boy
Description: 

An ear of an animal turns into a tiny boy or his size is compared with the size of an ear or his name is “Ear”.




Motif

l94b


Name_eng: 
Give me what you do not know at home!
Description: 

Person promises to give (sacrifice) to a supernatural the being that will be the first to come to him when he will return home (or something that he has never seen in his house, or an object that he will first see behind the door; etc.). The person thinks that it will be something insignificant but it is his own child




Motif

c31b


Name_eng: 
The wise owl
Description: 

An owl proves to be smarter and wiser than other beings




Motif

k169


Name_eng: 
Pregnant doe
Description: 

A hunter spares life of an animal when he understands that it is pregnant female who reminds him his own wife, also pregnant




Motif

l15d1


Name_eng: 
The feigned location of soul
Description: 

Being asked where his soul (death) is located, person initially gives a false answer. The inquirer usually becomes to show concern to corresponding object or locus (decorates it, etc.)




Motif

j31


Name_eng: 
Father’s weapon
Description: 

A young hero obtains and uses weapons or other powerful objects which belonged to his murdered father




Motif

k174


Name_eng: 
Fingering thrown into a pitcher
Description: 

A person puts (usually inconspicuously) his or her fingering or other small personal object into a pitcher with which a servant (girl) has come to take water. The servant's mistress or master finds the ring and understands that the person is nearby




Motif

m90a5


Name_eng: 
The golden apples
Description: 

Golden fruits (in rare cases only leaves) of a certain tree are mentioned in tail. Usually these are golden apples




Motif

k75b


Name_eng: 
Three melons from the three daughters
Description: 

To show their father that he must marry them, his daughters of different age send him fruits of the same kind but of different degree of ripeness (or bread that is differently baked)




Motif

j32e


Name_eng: 
The new-born foals stolen
Description: 

Every foal to which a mare gives birth is immediately stolen. The hero identifies the thief




Motif

l65b3


Name_eng: 
The escape on the tree
Description: 

Persons climbs a tree and thanks to this escapes from a demon (who usually tries to fell the tree)




Motif

k25e


Name_eng: 
Magic wife is an ancestor
Description: 

All humans, members of a particular ethnic or social group or a ruling dynasty are believed to descend from a mortal man and a woman of supernatural origin




Motif

m78f


Name_eng: 
A planted empryo
Description: 

When a woman falls asleep, the trickster (usually a tiny boy) puts animal embryo or entrails (or something that looks like this) near her to make her or other people believe that she has had a miscarriage or her own entrails have fallen out




Motif

k27h1


Name_eng: 
To bring fruits
Description: 

A task-giver asks person to bring fruits of a tree that is difficult to be reached




Motif

k27r1


Name_eng: 
The burnt person proves to be unharmed
Description: 

The antagonist believes that the hero was burned but returned from the other world alive and prosperous therefore he asks burn him (her) or his representatives




Motif

k176


Name_eng: 
A man in search of the woman
Description: 

A (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife




Motif

k27x7


Name_eng: 
Master of animals calls them together to question them
Description: 

Person in search of the remote and inaccessible place comes to the master (mistress) of animals (birds, fish) or demons who summon all of them and asks about the way to this place. Only (the last) one knows the way




Motif

k99a3


Name_eng: 
The happy dream: Sun, Moon and stars
Description: 

A young man has a dream: he sees the Sun, the Moon and a star (all of them or some of these luminaries). When the narrative come to the end, the man understands the meaning of the dream: these are people who love or adore him




Motif

m29z


Name_eng: 
The Beardless
Description: 

Person named as the Beardless (Kusa, Kesa, Kose, Kysa, Kusu, etc.) acts in narratives




Motif

l19b1


Name_eng: 
The seven-headed monster
Description: 

Описывается или изображается чудовище (обычно змей) о семи головах. При перечисления существ по мере возрастания у них числа голов ряд заканчивается на семи




Motif

j32f


Name_eng: 
The stolen apples
Description: 

Being on guard, the hero gets to know who steals regularly fruits (usually apples) from the garden




Motif

n33


Name_eng: 
Pressing adversary into the ground
Description: 

The hero presses his adversary into the ground or both of them press each other (ankle-, waist-, breast-deep and the like)




Motif

k27s


Name_eng: 
Contest: a race
Description: 

Contest: a race




Motif

m156a


Name_eng: 
Objects that give the answers
Description: 

Dangerous animal seeks to kill a person or other animal who rescued it from captivity. The dangerous animal and its victim agree to ask somebody else if a good deed should be repayed with a bad one. Inanimate objects are among those who answer to this question




Motif

i20c


Name_eng: 
Dwarfs live in the underworld
Description: 

Dwarfs live in the underworld that somewhat reminds the world of humans. If the dwarfs and the humans meet, it is deep under the earther




Motif

l100b1


Name_eng: 
Dialogue between the male and the female pigeons
Description: 

The young man forgets his magic bride and meets another woman. At the last moment a bird tells the story about his real bride and he recalls everything. Usually two birds, a male and a female, have a dialogue in which the female can tell the male that he will be as cruel with her as this youth who has forgotten his bride.




Motif

m135a


Name_eng: 
The wolf's reverses
Description: 

Wolf (more rare other predator animal) comes to different (more than two species) domestic animals (animals and people) to eat them but agrees to fulfill their requests and remains without his meal and usually becomes beaten (killed)




Motif

k27yy1


Name_eng: 
To get feathers of a dangerous bird
Description: 

Hero brings a feather (feathers) of a dangerous bird




Motif

l9


Name_eng: 
Sharp body members
Description: 

Body members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon




Motif

l37b3


Name_eng: 
The magic medicine is in the body of a bird
Description: 

Overhearing conversation of two snakes or raven, person gets to know the cause of a sickness of another person: a snake has crawled into him. He snake out and the person regains his health




Motif

e9i1


Name_eng: 
Swan-wife
Description: 

A man marries supernatural woman who is a swan




Motif

h54


Name_eng: 
The eyelids of Viy
Description: 

Eyelids (eyelashes, eyebrows) of personage hang long down over his eyes. To make the eyes widely opened, the eyelids (eyelashes, eyebrows) should be propped up with poles, folks, sticks, etc. (rare: cut off)




Motif

k2b


Name_eng: 
The Mountain-man and the Oak-man
Description: 

The pastimes or only names of the hero’s companions are unusual and different but their specific qualities that they must possess considering their names are irrelevant for the plot. Cf. motif K66, “Extraordinary companions”




Motif

c6c4


Name_eng: 
The duck is successful diver
Description: 

The duck (or an aquatic bird similar to the duck) dives and brings a piece of earth that is transformed into the dry land (it is the only or the only successful diver)




Motif

k56a4f


Name_eng: 
The unkind girl becomes ugly
Description: 

The supernatural person does not like the behavior of the unkind girl and punishes her making her ugly (disfigured)




Motif

a14


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: relations between the Sun and the Moon
Description: 

Coming together of the Sun and the Moon is the reason of their eclipses




Motif

a35


Name_eng: 
Spots on the lunar disc
Description: 

Dark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure




Motif

i3a


Name_eng: 
Lightning is a whip
Description: 

During the thunderstorm supernatural person beats somthing or somebody with a whip. This is the lightning




Motif

i92b


Name_eng: 
Treasure under the rainbow
Description: 

There is a treasure under the extremities of the rainbow




Motif

l73a1


Name_eng: 
Obstacle flight: fog created
Description: 

Fugitive throws an object behind himself and thus creates fog or darkness in front of pursuer




Motif

j1


Name_eng: 
The vengeful heroes
Description: 

Persons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Kazakh
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Cherkassians, Adyghe, Kabardin
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Anatolia Turks
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Buryats: Western (cis Baikal)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Ingush
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Abkhaz
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kumyk, Terekemen
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Ukrainians: Eastern dialects
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Bulgarians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kalmyk

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kazakh
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Armenians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Georgians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kurds
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Greeks (modern)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Swedes
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Crimea Tatars, Karaims
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kirghiz
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Albanians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Danes