k2


Motif

Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)

Name_rus: 
Отброшенная лестница
Description_rus: 
Герой поднимается или спускается по лестнице, веревке, шесту и т.п. Веревка и т.п. рвется или обрезана. Обычно другой персонаж намеренно отбрасывает лестницу, обрезает веревку, обламывает нижние ветви дерева, делая возвращение невозможным. (При статистических подсчетах в данный мотив включены также все тексты мотива K2A, кроме корейцев)
Motif type: 
Adventures and tricks
Motif group: 
10 Adventures
Motif analysis result: 
2. Only those motifs that are found in America (including the Aleuts, Eskimo and Northern Athabaskans)
3. Only those motifs that are found in Central and South America
4. All motifs of category 1 (cosmology) in sub-Saharan Africa and those motifs of category 2 (adventures) which are found in sub-Saharan Africa and widespread in the Indo-Pacific world with scarce or no cases in Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia
Motif analysis result tradition count all: 
257

Linked traditions:
Areal IDTradition
1.2.1.2Zulu, Swazi
1.2.1.3Tswana (Chwana), Suto (Soto; incl Pedi, Mbire)
1.2.3.1Herero (Herrero)
1.2.5.10Safwa, Nyika (Nyixa, Nyiha), Mkulwe, Ngonde, Kinga, Nyakusa, Nyamwanga
1.2.5.12Swahili, Midjikenda (incl Giryama), Nyika, Duruma; Ngindo, Kiluguru and other Islamic groups of the Eastern Coast of Africa
1.2.5.3Nyatutu, Kiniramba, Isanzu
1.2.5.7Kikuyu, Chuka, Embu, Emberre, Mwimbe
1.2.5.9Gogo, Kaguru, Luguru, Zigula, Taveta, Shambala (Šambala), Bondei, Taeta, Dabida; Zaramo
1.2.6.3Fang (Pangwe), Eton, Bafia, Batanga, Benga, Bube (Bubi), Buheba, Yaunde (Ewondo), Yebekolo, Koko, Bulu, Beti (Beti-Bulu), Sekiani, Eghap
1.3.2.1Hausa
1.3.3.4Fon
1.3.5.16Dan (=Gio), Guro (=Kweni, incl Gagu, Neio), Toura, Mano, Ngere, Beng, Guro
1.4.1.1Nubians
1.4.3.7Iraku (Irakw)
1.4.4.5Ngbakka, Mbum (incl Mbai), Mundang, Fali, Tupuri, Maya (=Bali), Nyong
1.4.6.1Hadza
1.4.6.2Sandawe
10.2.1.1Early Chinese written sources
10.2.2.11Shandong Chinese
10.2.2.2Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang Chinese; Manchuria Chinese (data not specified on particular provinces)
10.2.2.5Jiangsu and Zhejang Chinese
10.2.2.6Henan and Hubei Chinese
10.2.2.8Chinese of Qinghai and Gansu provinces and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
10.2.3.1Lahu, Kucong, Yi, Nosu (Nuosu, Northern Yi), Nisu, Nusu, Sani, Jino, Lolo (incl. Bai), Axi, Nasu
10.2.3.4Miao (Hmong) and Yao of Southern China
10.2.3.5Meo (Hmong) of Thailand, Laos and Northern Vietnam
10.2.4.1Koreans; Goguryeo
10.3.2.1Japanese folklore outside of Ryukyu
11.2.2.1Bering Strait Inupiat (incl. King Island)
11.2.2.2North Alaskan Inupiat
12.1.1.5Denaina
12.1.2.6Kaska
12.2.2.2Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw)
12.2.2.3Bella Coola (Nuxalk)
12.2.2.4Nootka (Nu-chah-nulth), Makah
12.3.1.2Chilkotin
12.3.3.1Okanagon, Sanpoil
12.3.5.2Quileute, Chemakum (Hoh)
12.3.6.1Western Sahaptin (Upper Cowlitz, Klikitat, Tenino, Umatilla, Yakima, Wallawalla)
12.6.1.1Yurok
12.6.1.2Wiyot
12.6.1.3Karok
12.6.1.4Shasta; Chimariko
12.6.3.3Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
12.6.6.3Cahuilla, Cupeño
12.7.1.9Ute
12.8.1.2Zuni
12.8.3.1Navajo
12.8.3.5Western Apache (White Mountain, San Carlos)
12.8.4.1Upland Yuma: Walapai, Havasupai, Yavapai
13.1.1.1Blackfoot
13.1.1.2Sarsee (Tsuu T'ina)
13.1.4.1Teton (incl Oglala)
13.2.1.3Caddo
14.1.4.8Zoque; Izapa iconography (I millennium BC)
14.1.6.2Lacandon
14.1.7.3Tojolabal, Chuj, Jacalteca, Kanjobal, Mocho (incl Tuzantec), Acatec
14.4.1.2Colorado (Tsachila)
15.2.3.1Pemon: Arekuna (incl. Kamarakoto), Taulipang (Taurepan)
15.2.3.9Wapishana (incl Ataroi); Mapidian; Taruma
15.2.4.1Trio
15.2.4.3Waiwai
15.2.4.7Wayapi, Emerillon
15.3.1.1Siona, Secoya, Coreguaje
15.3.3.1Shuar, Achuar (Shiwiar)
15.3.3.2Aguaruna, Huambiza
15.3.4.1Karijona
15.3.4.2Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
15.3.5.2Kabiyari, Yukuna (Yucuna)
15.3.6.3Andoque
15.3.7.1Ticuna (Tucuna)
15.4.3.2Xipaya (Shipaya)
15.4.4.1Tenetehara
15.5.1.3Machiguenga
15.5.2.3Shipibo, Conibo, Setebo
15.5.2.6Amahuaca, Cashinahua, Sharanahua, Yaminahua, Yawanahua, Capanahua)
15.5.3.1Tacana
15.5.4.1Bolivian Guarani: Chiriguano (including assimilated Chane Arawaks), Pauserna (=Guarasu), Guarayu, Tapiete
15.5.5.1Parintintin; Villa Bella (tribal affiliation unknown)
15.5.5.4Suruí, Gaviâo, Zoro, Arua, Cinta Larga
15.6.2.1Kamayura
15.6.2.3Kuikuro, Kalapalo
15.6.3.1Rikbaktsa
15.6.3.3Iranxe
15.6.3.5Paresi
15.6.4.1Bororo
15.7.2.1Cayapo (incl. Kubenkranken, Pau d’Arco, Shikrin or Xikrin)
15.7.2.2Suya, Txukarramae
15.7.2.3Canela (Eastern Timbira): Ramkokamekra, Apaniekra
15.7.2.4Craho
15.7.2.5Crenye, Gaviões
15.7.2.6Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
15.7.2.7Shavante
15.7.2.8Sherente
16.1.2.2Chamacoco (Ishir)
16.1.3.1Nivakle (=Chulupi, Ashluslay, Ajlujlay)
16.1.4.1Makka
2.1.1.1Malagasy
3.1.2.1Arabs of Egypt
3.1.2.2Arabs of Libya
3.1.3.2Kabylia and other Berber of Northern and Central Algeria: Beni Snous, Beni Menacer (incl Zuav), Shaui, etc.)
3.1.3.3Berbers of Morocco and adjacent parts of Algeria
3.1.3.7Tunisia Arabs
3.1.3.8Tuareg
3.2.1.2Saho, Afar
3.3.1.1Spain
3.3.1.2Portuguese
3.3.1.3Catalan
3.3.1.4Aragon
3.3.1.5Basques
3.3.1.6Galicians
3.3.2.1Italians: Northwest (Mentona, Ticino, Valle-d’Aosta, Piemont, Liguria, Lombardia, Emilia–Romagna)
3.3.2.2Sicily
3.3.2.3Sardinia, Corsica
3.3.2.4Romansh (Rhaeto-Romance)
3.3.2.5Maltese
3.3.2.6Italians: Central (Toscana, Umbria, Marche, San-Marino, Lazio)
3.3.2.7Italians: Southern (Abruzzo, Campania, Molise, Basilicata, Apulia, Calabria)
3.3.2.8Italians: Northeast (Trentino – Alto Adige, Veneto, Venezia Giulia, Southern Tirol, Friuli, Istria)
3.3.3.1Bretagne
3.3.3.2French (northern France)
3.3.3.3Wallons, Picardie
3.3.3.4Upper Brittany
3.3.3.5Occitanie (southern France): Limousin, Auvergne, Provence, Aquitaine, Albret, Gers, Aveyron (Rouerge), Armagnac, Landes, Gascogne, Vivarés, Roussillon, Pyrénées, Bearne, Guyenne, Bigorre, Ain, Hautes Alpes, Ariège, Vienne, Aude, French part of Swiss
3.3.4.3Scotland
3.3.5.3Germans: Northwest (Low- and Central German dialects): Schleswig-Holstein, Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony, incl. East Frisia and Oldenburg), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Thüringen, Saxony-Anhalt, Sachsen
3.3.5.3Germans: Northwest (Low- and Central German dialects): Schleswig-Holstein, Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony, incl. East Frisia and Oldenburg), Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Thüringen, Saxony-Anhalt, Sachsen
3.3.5.4Germans: Southeast: Bawaria (incl. Ober Pfaltz), Franken, Bohemia (Sudeten), Austria
3.3.5.5Germans: Northeast (Brandenburg, Meklenburg, Rügen, Pommern, Silesia, Posen)
3.3.5.6Germans – Southwest: Alsace (Elsass), Baden-Württemberg, Swabia, Switzerland
3.5.1.2Bulgarians
3.5.1.3Macedonians
3.5.2.1Albanians
3.5.2.2Serbs, Monte Negro,
3.5.2.3Bosnia Muslims
3.5.2.5Slovenians
3.5.3.1Hungarians
3.5.3.3Transylvanian Saksons
3.5.4.1Gagauz
4.1.1.1Poles
4.1.1.3Sorbians (Luzhitsa Serbs)
4.1.1.4Czech
4.1.1.5Slovakians
4.1.2.1Ukrainians: Western dialects to the East of Carpathians
4.1.2.2Ukrainians: Eastern dialects
4.1.2.3Ukrainians: Northern dialects
4.1.2.4Rusyns, Hutsuls
4.1.2.5Byelarusians
4.1.3.1Russians: Central part of Russian ethnic territory as in A.D. 1500: Tver, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Kostroma, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, eastern part of Smolensk provinces (most of Smolensk province is Belorussian ethnic territory)
4.1.3.2Russian Pomors (“seasiders): Arkhangelsk province without its southern part (Shengur district and Konosha dstrict), Karelia White Sea coast
4.1.3.3Russians: Vologda province (incl. Belozersk, Kirillov and Cherepovets districts of form. Novgorod Province)
4.1.3.4Russians: Novgorod and Pskov provinces
4.1.3.5Russian Pomors ('seasiders'): Terski Coast (Murmansk province)
4.1.3.6Russians: Southern part of ethnic territory as in A.D. 1500 (Belgorod, Voronezh, Tambov, Penza, Lipetsk, Orel, Kursk, Bryansk provinces; in case of absence in other areas also Russians in Samara, Simbirsk and Saratov provinces)
4.1.3.7Russian Pomors ("seasiders"): Lower Pechora
4.1.3.8Russians: Olonets province/SE Karelia, southern part of Arkhangelsk province (Shenkur, Kargopol, Konosha districts)
4.2.1.2Norwegians
4.2.1.3Danes
4.2.1.4Swedes
4.2.2.1Western Sami
4.2.2.2Eastern Sami (including Inari, Skolts)
4.2.3.1Finns
4.2.3.2Karelians
4.2.3.3Vepsians
4.2.4.2Estonians
4.2.4.3Setu
4.2.4.5Lutsi (Ludza)
4.2.5.1Latvians
4.3.1.1Komi (Zyrians and Permyaks)
4.3.1.2Udmurt
4.3.2.1Mari (Cheremis)
4.3.2.2Mordvins
4.3.2.3Chuvash
4.3.3.1Kazan (Middle Volga) Tatars
4.3.3.2Bashkirs
5.1.1.1Kalmyk
5.1.2.1Crimea Tatars, Karaims
5.1.3.2Abaza (Abazins)
5.1.3.3Cherkassians, Adyghe, Kabardin
5.1.4.1Karachays, Balkar
5.1.4.2Ossetians
5.1.5.2Nogai
5.1.6.1Ingush
5.1.6.2Chechens
5.1.7.1Avar, Andi, Karata, Akhvakh
5.1.7.4Laks
5.1.7.8Udin
5.1.8.1Terek Cossacks
5.2.1.1Georgians
5.2.1.2Mingrelians (Megrelians), Laz
5.2.2.1Armenians
5.2.2.2Azeris (Azerbaijanis)
5.2.2.3Anatolia Turks
5.2.2.5Kurds
5.2.2.6Zaza (western Kurds)
5.3.2.1Aramaic (Syrians)
5.3.2.2Arabs of Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan); Bedouins of Sinai
5.3.2.3Arabs of Iraq
5.3.2.4Saudi Arabia
5.4.2.1Persians
5.4.2.10Turkmen
5.4.2.3Tajik
5.4.2.4Highland Tajik
5.4.2.7Bukhara Arabs
5.4.2.8Uzbek
5.4.3.1Yagnobi
5.4.3.2Rushani, Shughni, Khufi, Bartangi
5.4.3.5Wakhi, Ishkashimi (including Sanglich), Munji
5.5.1.1Kazakh
5.5.1.3Kirghiz
5.5.2.1Uyghur
5.5.2.3Dungan of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan
5.5.2.5Salars
5.6.1.1Indian literary tradition (Vedic, Brahman, Purana, Indian Buddhism, Hinduism, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Panchtantra, Jatakas); iconography of Hindu temples
5.6.2.9Punjabi, Seraiki (Multani)
5.6.3.4Tamil, Muthuvan, Marvar
6.1.1.1Santali, Turi, Mahli
6.1.1.4Bhuiya (now Aryans, originally Munda; Rahman 1955: 203), Baiga, Bhaina, Bhumia (subgroup of Baiga, incl Bharia, formerly Munda, now speak Indo-Aryan languages of neighboring groups)
6.1.2.5Maria, Muria, and other South-Central Dravidians: Binjhwar, Baсор, Bhattra, Bom, Jhoria (=Jhodia), Gadaba (in Koraput, neighbors of Munda-speaking Gadaba), Duruwa (Parji), Mehtar; Pardhan
6.2.1.1Central Tibetans (Yu Tsang, incl. Sikkim Tibetans, Tichurong of NW Nepal)
6.2.1.2NE Tibetans (Amdo)
6.2.1.6Gurung; Kaike
6.2.2.1Lepcha
6.2.2.2Kirati (Kiranti): Rai (incl Thulung), Limbu, Newar
6.2.3.1Eastern Arunachal Pradesh: Abor (incl Minyong, Shimong, Padam, Pasi, Panggi), Apa Tani (Apatani), Bori, Bugun, Dafla (=Nyishi, Nisi, Nishing, incl Tagin), Gallong (=Galo, Adi), Mishmi
6.2.3.3Chin-Naga: Ao, Mao, Sema, Zeme, Liangmai, Kolren, Kom, Lhota, Rengma, Angami, Kabui, Tangkhul, Koirenf
6.2.3.6Kuki, Chiru, Falam (Hallam), Chin (Meitei =Manipuri, Khami, =Kumi), Lakher, Mizo (Lushei), Anal, Pawi (Lai), Purum, Koireng, Milhiem, Kolhen, Mru
6.3.1.2Karen, Pa-O, Padaung, Kayah
6.3.2.10Viet, Muong
6.3.2.5Mon
6.4.5.3Bali, Lombok
6.4.8.8Alor, Solor, Wetar, Atauru
7.1.1.1Trans-New Guinea and unclassified Papuan groups of Irian Jaya: Mejprat, Arandai-Bintuni, Inanwatan-Berau, Papua of Gelvink (Cenderawasih) Bay, Kamoró, Marind Anim, Sawi, Mafore; Korowai; Kwerba; Momina, Eipo, Yale, Awyu, Muyu
7.1.2.1Papua–NewGuinea Highland Papuans:Trans New Guinea & unclassified:Chimbu,Gimi,KaugelHuli,Gadsup,Kuman,Kutubu,Foi (Foe),Kyaka,Kamano (Kafe),Mawatta,Kukukuku (=Anga,=Sambia;Manki,Nauti,Ejuti),Baruya,Kewa,Tembregak,Menya,Melpa,Wiru,Pondoma
7.1.5.1Melanesians of the northern coast New Guinea, nearest off-shore islands and Huon Gulf (Morobe district): Watut, Bilbil (Bilibili), Jabim (incl Kai), Tami, Bukawac, Wogeo, Tumleo, Yakamul, Manam, Sissano, Sio
7.2.1.9Tikopia, Bellona, Rennell, partly Aneytium, Futuna (=Erronan, not to be mixed with Futuna in Western Polynesia), Vaeaka-Taumato, incl Matema, Nifeloli, Nukapu, Nupani, Pileni
8.1.2.1SE Australia: Kamilaroi, Yualarai (Ualarai, Euahlayi), Milpulo (Mailpurgu), Wuradjeri (Wiradjurim, Wiradjeri, Wurundjeri, Yarra, Yarra Yarra), Wongaibon (Wonghibon), Noongahburrah (Narran, Narran River), Kurnai, and many others (see file 0.doc)
8.1.3.1Arnhem Land: Enindhilyagwa (Groote Eilandt), KuTiwi, Yulengor, Mara, Oenpelli, Murngin, Roper River, Maung, Murinbata, Murngin (Duwal), Millingimbi, Goulburn Island, Ngulugwongga, Yirrkalla, Voctoria River Downs, Alawa, Anu, Kunwinjku
9.1.2.3Chulym Turks
9.1.3.1Tuvinians of Tuva
9.1.3.3Tofa (Karagas)
9.1.4.2Buryats: Eastern (Trans-Baikal, Mongolia and Inner Mongolia)
9.1.5.1Darkhad
9.1.5.2Oirats (incl Torgouts, Derbets, Oilots)
9.1.5.3Mongols (Khalkha)
9.1.5.4Daur (Daghur)
9.1.5.5Dongxiang, Baoan
9.1.5.6Monguor (Tu), Shirongol
9.1.5.7Mongols of Inner Mongolia
9.10.1.4Oroch
9.10.1.5Uilta (Orok)
9.10.2.1Nivkh
9.2.1.1Mansi
9.2.2.4Northern Selkups
9.2.3.4Nganasans
9.3.1.1Central Yakuts (Sakha)
9.3.2.3Baikal RegionTungus/Evenki

Motifs correlation (top 20):
Motif: k37b Shared traditions: 12 All traditions: 12 Weight: 1000
Motif: m198b1 Shared traditions: 7 All traditions: 7 Weight: 1000
Motif: m74c Shared traditions: 3 All traditions: 3 Weight: 1000
Motif: m120a Shared traditions: 18 All traditions: 18 Weight: 1000
Motif: f12 Shared traditions: 4 All traditions: 4 Weight: 1000
Motif: l122a Shared traditions: 6 All traditions: 6 Weight: 1000
Motif: i25d Shared traditions: 14 All traditions: 14 Weight: 1000
Motif: k2a2 Shared traditions: 9 All traditions: 9 Weight: 1000
Motif: k27x8 Shared traditions: 11 All traditions: 11 Weight: 1000
Motif: m38d4 Shared traditions: 4 All traditions: 4 Weight: 1000
Motif: k35a6 Shared traditions: 9 All traditions: 9 Weight: 1000
Motif: f9g1 Shared traditions: 6 All traditions: 6 Weight: 1000
Motif: k27q2 Shared traditions: 11 All traditions: 11 Weight: 1000
Motif: k117c1 Shared traditions: 12 All traditions: 12 Weight: 1000
Motif: m114i1 Shared traditions: 8 All traditions: 8 Weight: 1000
Motif: l23b Shared traditions: 16 All traditions: 16 Weight: 1000
Motif: m39a2d Shared traditions: 5 All traditions: 5 Weight: 1000
Motif: k113b Shared traditions: 3 All traditions: 3 Weight: 1000
Motif: n31 Shared traditions: 4 All traditions: 4 Weight: 1000
Motif: i76b Shared traditions: 9 All traditions: 9 Weight: 1000