Sandawe



Tradition title rus: 
Сандаве
Areal ID: 
1.4.6.2
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
38.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
19.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a3


Name_eng: 
Male sun and female moon
Description: 

The Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

d4e1


Name_eng: 
The dog and the fire
Description: 

Dog obtains fire, daylight or the Sun or steals them




Motif

e5a


Name_eng: 
Mankind ascends from the underworld
Description: 

The first people (or only the first men or the first women) are not created but come to earth from the underworld (from a cave) or from a small enclosure under the earth or on its surface (tree trunk, rock, gourd, etc.). Many people of both sexes and of different ages or people and different species of animals come out together




Motif

e11


Name_eng: 
The burned skin
Description: 

Magic person reveals his true nature and/or remains with the real people after the object responsible for preserving the non-human appearance (usually an animal skin) is destroyed (usually burned)




Motif

e32


Name_eng: 
People born from trees
Description: 

First people are born by trees or come out of a tree, flower, reed




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

h34a


Name_eng: 
Controversy over conditions of life
Description: 

Person has a series of suggestions how to make the world easy for living and free of hard work and death. His companion successively rejects them. Their dialogue forever defines conditions of human life




Motif

h36


Name_eng: 
The muddled message
Description: 

Person is sent by god to bring instructions or certain objects but distorts, forgets or replaces them. This has fatal consequences for humans or for a certain species of animals. (Lithuanian case can be a mistification)




Motif

h36a


Name_eng: 
Origin of death from the falsified message
Description: 

Person distorts instructions that he must pass to others, intentionally lies, forgets or replaces certain objects that must be given to others. Because of this human beings become mortal (do not revive after death)




Motif

h36i


Name_eng: 
Death and the goat
Description: 

Goat or sheep is responsible for introduction of permanent death




Motif

h41


Name_eng: 
Death and the dog
Description: 

Dog is responsible for people being mortal or imperfect. Usually the antagonist bribes dog with a warm fur and the dog lets him spoil the half-ready human figures




Motif

i28


Name_eng: 
Animals in the underworld
Description: 

Game animals live inside a mountain, in a cave or in the underworld where they often look like humans and have a master




Motif

i72


Name_eng: 
Stars are people
Description: 

Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)




Motif

i115a


Name_eng: 
Orion and the Pleiades as a man and women
Description: 

Orion and the Pleiades are opposed as a man or men and a woman or women. Orion is usually male




Motif

k2


Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)




Motif

k24a


Name_eng: 
Supernatural male hides clothes of human girl
Description: 

Supernatural male person (often a snake, a dragon) hides clothes of a human girl or sits on it. To return her clothes she had to become his wife




Motif

k27e


Name_eng: 
Eating or drinking contest
Description: 

Person or animal must eat (drink) enormous quantity of food (beverage) or eat or drink poisonous beverage or food




Motif

k28


Name_eng: 
Father or uncle is rival and enemy
Description: 

Maternal uncle or father (or grandfather if he replaces father who is not mentioned) of the young man is his rival or enemy and tries to kill him




Motif

k33


Name_eng: 
Drowned woman remains alive
Description: 

A young woman is transformed into an animal, pushed into the water, into the underworld or she herself has to plunge into water (acquire animal form). Her connection with the human world is not completely lost, however, and usually she is helped to return to the people




Motif

k33b


Name_eng: 
Friends abandon a pretty girl
Description: 

A girl goes with her friends to a river, into a forest, etc. Other girls return home but the heroine has to remain or to go back to the forest, etc. She has a narrow escape from a dangerous creature. marries a supernatural being or a chief, or dies but is avenged




Motif

k76


Name_eng: 
A strange son
Description: 

A boy born into a family or found by his adoptive parents has a strange guise (ball of meat, nut, bag, half of a man, an animal). He possesses magic power, becomes a handsome man and usually marries a girl of high social status. The magic spouse of a princess originally has a non-human or monstrous appearance




Motif

k76b


Name_eng: 
Snake son and snake husband
Description: 

An (adoptive) son is a snake who turns into handsome man. The snake is the magic spouse of princess, lost and returned




Motif

l94


Name_eng: 
Child promised to demon
Description: 

A demon helps a man or a woman or lets him or her free. As a reward, the person is forced to promise to give the demon his child




Motif

l106


Name_eng: 
Lost object claimed back
Description: 

An antagonist makes a demand to the hero which is correct in form but really is unjustified. The hero fulfills the claims or is punished. Now antagonist takes an object or animal possessed by the hero, is unable to give it back and is punished




Motif

l106a


Name_eng: 
Stomach cut open
Description: 

An antagonist makes a demand to the hero which is correct in form but really is unjustified. The hero fulfills the claims or is punished. Now antagonist takes an object or animal possessed by the hero, is unable to give it back and is punished




Motif

l109


Name_eng: 
The cannibal gourd
Description: 

A gourd proves to be a cannibal or grows from remains of a monster




Motif

m11c


Name_eng: 
Person gets lard from his body
Description: 

A male person cuts or roasts his own body to extract meat, lard or blood, cooks it and serves to his guest without injuring himself. Such a food is not considered to be unclean




Motif

m29g


Name_eng: 
Trickster-hare or rabbit
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is hare or rabbit




Motif

m38


Name_eng: 
Stupid imitation (all versions)
Description: 

Person sees how others act using magic or according to their animal nature. He or she imitates their actions and gets into trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and refer to everyday activity, mostly to providing and cooking food




Motif

m102


Name_eng: 
Person lets his leg or head to be cut off
Description: 

A bird stands with one leg tucked under it, putting its head under its wing; turtle draws its head and limbs under its shell. Person decides that the bird has one leg, no head, turtle has neither head nor limbs, asks to cut him his head and limbs off




Motif

m29g1


Name_eng: 
Hare or rabbit as the main trickster
Description: 

In most of the episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is hare or rabbit. Not considered are traditions in which 1) trickster hare/rabbit is rare while other trickster (usually fox/jackal/coyote) typical; 2) Mesoamerican traditions in which episodes with trickster rabbit are not many and could be borrowed in post-Columbian time being of African origin




Motif

m171


Name_eng: 
The profitable exchange: from a pea to a horse
Description: 

Person or animal stays for a night and the next morning declares that his possessions (which value is none or negligible) are lost. Or other persons whom the trickster meets really use or spoil objects that the trickster gives them. Every time he receives in compensation objects or animals with ever bigger value, the last acquisition usually being a costly animal or a girl. (All texts with motifs M171A and M171C contain also the motif M171)




Motif

m124


Name_eng: 
A bull’s tail
Description: 

Person buries a tail or head of a bull or other domestic animal with a tail or horns outside. He explains that the animal sank into the ground and usually asks the others to pull the tail (horns). When they are “torn off”, he tells that people are guilty of the animal being lost




Motif

m38a


Name_eng: 
The bungling host
Description: 

Being on a visit to other people or (more often) animals, an (animal)-person sees them act using magic or according to their animal nature. Back at home, he imitates their actions and gets in trouble. Actions are not heroic deeds, competitions or tests and mostly refer to providing and cooking food




Motif

i72a


Name_eng: 
Stars are children of the Sun and the Moon
Description: 

Stars are children of the Moon and/or the Sun




Motif

l95b


Name_eng: 
Parents collaborate with a demon against their child
Description: 

When a man or a woman promises to give his or her child to a demon, he or she does not try to save the child but help the demon to catch him or her. Despite all, the boy or girl escapes from the demon




Motif

e30b


Name_eng: 
Pygmalion
Description: 

A man makes or receives a figure of a woman. It becomes alive and he marries her





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Safwa, Nyika (Nyixa, Nyiha), Mkulwe, Ngonde, Kinga, Nyakusa, Nyamwanga
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Fang (Pangwe), Eton, Bafia, Batanga, Benga, Bube (Bubi), Buheba, Yaunde (Ewondo), Yebekolo, Koko, Bulu, Beti (Beti-Bulu), Sekiani, Eghap
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Ewe
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Zulu, Swazi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Bemba (Wemba, Babemba; incl Ambo, Lala, Lamba, Bisa), Holoholo, Kaonde
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Ijaw (incl. Kalabari)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Papua–NewGuinea Highland Papuans:Trans New Guinea & unclassified:Chimbu,Gimi,KaugelHuli,Gadsup,Kuman,Kutubu,Foi (Foe),Kyaka,Kamano (Kafe),Mawatta,Kukukuku (=Anga,=Sambia;Manki,Nauti,Ejuti),Baruya,Kewa,Tembregak,Menya,Melpa,Wiru,Pondoma
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Dholuo (=Luo, Nilotic Kawirondo)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Northern Gur (Oti-Volta): Mamprussi, Dagomba, Dagari (Dagara; incl Lodaga), Bassari, Mosi, Nankanse, Konkomba, Moba; Ditammari, Nyende, Bulsa (pl Builsa, Bulo)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Tiv, Bamum (Bamun), Mungaka (Mgaka, Bali), Beba, Anaguta, Bete (Mbete, Karang), Ekoi, Nyang, Vute (Wute), Jukun, Chamba, Bamileke, Kwotto, Kirri; Denya (Nyang)

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Tenda (incl Bedik, Basari), Biafada, Nalu, Pajadinka, Badyara (Badiaranke)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Safwa, Nyika (Nyixa, Nyiha), Mkulwe, Ngonde, Kinga, Nyakusa, Nyamwanga
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Nyatutu, Kiniramba, Isanzu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Shone (Shona, =Mashona, =Karanga), Makoni (Shoni dialect), Remba (=Hungwe, Wahungwe); Zezuru, Rozwi, Ndau (Vandau)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Kamba, Tharaka
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Bia: Anyi, Agni, Baule, Nsema
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Mandingo (Manden, incl San, Samo), Kagoro, Bambara (Bamana), Malinke, Kassonke, Diula
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Songhai