Linked Motifs

Motif	Name	Description
a5	The Sun and the Moon are males	The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual
c24	The world in danger of falling down	A tree or pillar supports the sky or the earth. If it collapses, people perish
d4a	Theft of fire	Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before
d8	Fire and a predator animal	Fire or summer is stolen from a big predator: a lion (in Africa), a tiger (in Asia), a bear (in Siberia and North America) or a jaguar (in South America)
e13a	Sacred knowledge from under the water	Sacred knowledge, objects and rituals are initially obtained from the denizens of the underwater world
e24	Origin of elbows and knees	Human arms and legs become pliant (get joints) when a primeval ancestor(s) fall from height and break his arms and legs
e5a	Mankind ascends from the underworld	The first people (or only the first men or the first women) are not created but come to earth from the underworld (from a cave) or from a small enclosure under the earth or on its surface (tree trunk, rock, gourd, etc.). Many people of both sexes and of different ages or people and different species of animals come out together
f39	The time of women	The women dominated over the men in the past or in a far away land, were the active part in marriage relations, practiced activities which now are reserved of the men only. Or the women could obtained supremacy but failed to do it for some reason
f43	The women disappear	The women of the ancestral community kill or abandon the men
f44	Women and men separate	The women and the men of the primeval community quarrel and abandon each other
f46	One for all	In the beginning of time two or more men (animal people) have only one woman
f46a	Woman in a tree	Men (animal people) discover a woman in a tree and copulate with her there
f47	Pieces of flesh turn to people	A living creature or a lump of alive flesh is cut into pieces which are diepersed around. After some time every piece turns into human being
f47a	Men use pieces of woman’s flesh	Every man uses for copulation certain part of an only woman or takes a part of her body after it was cut into pieces
f47b	New people on the old place	To create the new people (new women) instead of those who were destructed, person puts down in every empty hut (hearth, hammock) something (feathers, pieces of flesh) from which new people (new women) emerge
g12b	Star-person gives plants	Star-person is a giver of cultivated plants
g13	People ate rotten wood	Before acquisition of cultivated plants people ate rotten or soft (Ceiba L., Ochroma Sw.) wood; some people eat rotten wood
g13c	Bad food of the pre-agricultural epoch	Before the cultivated plants or edible wild plants become known, people ate (decomposed) wood, bark, mud, stones, fungi
g5	Food tree	Fruits and shoots of different cultivated plants grow on the branches of one tree (on one vine) or certain plant has a tree form that is alien to it in nature
h3	Sham funerals trigger permanent death	People become mortal because they imitated real funerals burying an animal
i72	Stars are people	Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)
i83	The sky of birds	Birds, first of all vultures and eagles, live in the sky, usually at one or more layers of the upper world
k10	Fight with the monstrous bird	Monstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it
k19a	Star-wife	A man maries a star-woman
k2	The destroyed ladder	Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)
k20	Wish for star-husband or wife realized	A human person admires a star or (rare) the Moon in the sky, expresses desire to marry it or (rare) to get a star-object. Star descends to him or to her or takes him or her to the sky
k25	Magic wife	A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k4	The bird nester	Person climbs up a tree or rock or descends to a cave to get eggs or nestlings from the bird's nest. Another person remains on the ground. They get into conflict and/or the first person is unable to get back to the ground
k87	Marriage with an animal creates problems	A woman becomes the wife of an animal (rare: other non-human being). Her husband cares for her but ultimately the animal, the woman, her children or her relations are killed, she turns into an animal herself, animals and humans become enemies, etc.
m11	The unclean food	Person feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food
m12	The unlucky hunter	Not to return home empty-handed, a hunter or (rare) a fisherman cuts off a piece of flesh from his body (usually from his calf) or (more rare) extracts his blood or entrails. Usually he brings his flesh or blood to other people pretending that is a good game or fish; or a woman cuts off a piece of flesh from her calf to feed her husband
m5	Provoked insult	Being in a situation when his life depends on a good will of a demon or animal, person either resists or does not resist the temptation to insult or to beat, bite, etc. the latter

Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition: Craho
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Sherente
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Chamacoco (Ishir)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Cayapo (incl. Kubenkranken, Pau d’Arco, Shikrin or Xikrin)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Canela (Eastern Timbira): Ramkokamekra, Apaniekra
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Cariri
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Mataco
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Kaxuyana (Warikyana, Arikena)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Assiniboine

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition: Craho
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition: Chamacoco (Ishir)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Shuar, Achuar (Shiwiar)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Cayapo (incl. Kubenkranken, Pau d’Arco, Shikrin or Xikrin)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Sherente
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Paresi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Aguaruna, Huambiza
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Ute
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Iranxe
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Machiguenga