Craho



Tradition title rus: 
Крахо
Areal ID: 
15.7.2.4
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
73.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
47.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a27


Name_eng: 
Crowns of the Sun and Moon
Description: 

Light and/or heat of the Sun and/or Moon originate from their crowns, necklaces or clothes (of feathers, of animal teeth)




Motif

b26


Name_eng: 
Man joins wild animals
Description: 

Person who follows the wild animals turns into one of them or into their master




Motif

b99


Name_eng: 
Person turned into the nest of insects
Description: 

Person (his/her head) who was abandoned in a tree or falls on a tree turns into a nest of insects




Motif

c2a


Name_eng: 
Conflagration of the woodpecker
Description: 

Two persons meet a woodpecker and as a consequence, the earth burns. The strong and smart person survives, the weak and stupid is burned




Motif

c2b


Name_eng: 
The burned Moon
Description: 

The Sun and Moon get into conflagration. The Sun survives, the Moon is burned




Motif

c14


Name_eng: 
Monsters destroy people
Description: 

During or before the world catastrophe (deluge, darkness) wild beasts and monsters attack and destroy people




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

d8


Name_eng: 
Fire and a predator animal
Description: 

Fire or summer is stolen from a big predator: a lion (in Africa), a tiger (in Asia), a bear (in Siberia and North America) or a jaguar (in South America)




Motif

d12


Name_eng: 
Food baked in the sun
Description: 

First people or inhabitants of a distant country cook food in the sun; or fire owner lies that he or she cooks food in the sun




Motif

f18a


Name_eng: 
The long penis
Description: 

Penis is so long that he can turn it round his waist or send into a woman who is at a long distance from him. (Only texts considered to describe real events and beings and not anecdotes are included)




Motif

f30


Name_eng: 
Snake paramour
Description: 

A woman or a girl takes a snake, an eel (i.e. Pacific snake-eel), a lizard, or a worm for husband or paramour. People kill or badly injure him, the woman and/or her progeny or the woman herself is transformed into snake. Cf. motif k76b: the snake-husband becomes and remains a handsome man




Motif

f32


Name_eng: 
Tree fruits for a woman
Description: 

Baby child or children who come out of mother's womb and turn themselves into adult men or a snake who lives in her womb climb up a tree and help the woman to gather fruits, bark, edible fungi, etc. Usually the child who is a snake returns to his mother's womb and adult man turns back into a baby; or the girl's love affair with a snake is discovered when her father climbs a tree to gather fruits for her




Motif

f34


Name_eng: 
Land animal paramour
Description: 

Certain woman or a group of women takes for a paramour a big land animal. Husbands, brothers or (adoptive) children kill or maim paramour and (sometimes) the woman




Motif

f35


Name_eng: 
Feeding with the paramour’s meat
Description: 

Person feeds another with the meat of his or her sexual partner who cooks or eats it without knowing whose meat it is




Motif

f46


Name_eng: 
One for all
Description: 

In the beginning of time two or more men (animal people) have only one woman




Motif

f46a


Name_eng: 
Woman in a tree
Description: 

Men (animal people) discover a woman in a tree and copulate with her there




Motif

f47


Name_eng: 
Pieces of flesh turn to people
Description: 

A living creature or a lump of alive flesh is cut into pieces which are diepersed around. After some time every piece turns into human being




Motif

f47a


Name_eng: 
Men use pieces of woman’s flesh
Description: 

Every man uses for copulation certain part of an only woman or takes a part of her body after it was cut into pieces




Motif

f50


Name_eng: 
The often-born children
Description: 

Child or children come out of mother's womb and return back




Motif

f86


Name_eng: 
Conditional signal
Description: 

Person summons with a certain signal a non-human being (usually his or her sexual partner or his or her protégé). Another person spies, uses the same signal or pronounces the same words and kills the being who comes to him (or uses this being sexually himself)




Motif

g5


Name_eng: 
Food tree
Description: 

Fruits and shoots of different cultivated plants grow on the branches of one tree (on one vine) or certain plant has a tree form that is alien to it in nature




Motif

g12b


Name_eng: 
Star-person gives plants
Description: 

Star-person is a giver of cultivated plants




Motif

g13


Name_eng: 
People ate rotten wood
Description: 

Before acquisition of cultivated plants people ate rotten or soft (Ceiba L., Ochroma Sw.) wood; some people eat rotten wood




Motif

h29


Name_eng: 
Origin of foreigners
Description: 

A woman is impregnated by an animal, usually by a snake. People of hostile nation originate or receive their culture from her progeny or from her paramour's relatives




Motif

i8f


Name_eng: 
One support of the world
Description: 

Only one pole or mountain supports the earth or the sky




Motif

i22


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent movement
Description: 

There are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)




Motif

i28


Name_eng: 
Animals in the underworld
Description: 

Game animals live inside a mountain, in a cave or in the underworld where they often look like humans and have a master




Motif

i29


Name_eng: 
Animal’s hole leads to the underworld
Description: 

Person follows an animala through its hole or digs a hole himself and gets into the lower world where the animals who dig holes live




Motif

i34


Name_eng: 
The dangerous tree
Description: 

It is necessary to approach a tree which is surrounded with fire, ejects fire, shoots sharp splints, etc.




Motif

i72


Name_eng: 
Stars are people
Description: 

Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)




Motif

i83


Name_eng: 
The sky of birds
Description: 

Birds, first of all vultures and eagles, live in the sky, usually at one or more layers of the upper world




Motif

i99


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are boys or men
Description: 

The Pleiades are a group of boys or men, or a group of different people but predominantly males




Motif

j47


Name_eng: 
Pursuer falls from height
Description: 

Person ascends to the sky (rare: descends from the sky; ascends the cliff) by a rope, a ladder, etc. Another person tries to follow him or her but the rope (the ladder) is broken or severed




Motif

k2


Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)




Motif

k4


Name_eng: 
The bird nester
Description: 

Person climbs up a tree or rock or descends to a cave to get eggs or nestlings from the bird's nest. Another person remains on the ground. They get into conflict and/or the first person is unable to get back to the ground




Motif

k10a


Name_eng: 
Battle with a bird: a shelter
Description: 

Heroes kill a dangerous bird. During or before confrontation they hide inside a shelter (hut, cage, vessel, bag, hollow log) or cover themselves with a protective object




Motif

k11a


Name_eng: 
Feathers turn into birds or men
Description: 

Feathers of (giant) bird turn into different present day birds (in their plumage) or into the men




Motif

k19a


Name_eng: 
Star-wife
Description: 

A man maries a star-woman




Motif

k19c


Name_eng: 
Non-human lover in man’s bed or bag
Description: 

A man brings home a small being with whom he makes love at night. His mother, sister or wife discovers his non-human lover in his bed or bag




Motif

k20


Name_eng: 
Wish for star-husband or wife realized
Description: 

A human person admires a star or (rare) the Moon in the sky, expresses desire to marry it or (rare) to get a star-object. Star descends to him or to her or takes him or her to the sky




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

l9a


Name_eng: 
Sharp leg
Description: 

Person's leg is injured intentionally or by chance. The loss of one leg does not bother him. He uses the sharpened bone as a thrust weapon




Motif

l40


Name_eng: 
Reflection and shadow
Description: 

Person discovers (rare:still fails to discover) another getting to see his or her shadow or reflection in water




Motif

l68


Name_eng: 
Two companions in the night
Description: 

Person turns into monster at night when he remains alone with his companion in the wilderness




Motif

l82


Name_eng: 
The burned off foot
Description: 

Intentionally or not, a man burns his foot or his whole body in a fire, then turns into demon




Motif

m1a


Name_eng: 
Caiman ferries the Pleiades-brothers
Description: 

Caiman ferries a person or a group of brothers who later turn the Pleiades




Motif

m5


Name_eng: 
Provoked insult
Description: 

Being in a situation when his life depends on a good will of a demon or animal, person either resists or does not resist the temptation to insult or to beat, bite, etc. the latter




Motif

m9


Name_eng: 
Stuck in a tree hollow
Description: 

Person who puts her or his head or hand into a tree hollow or (rare) other hole is stuck fast in it or falls into the hollow and dies or undergoes a metamorphosis




Motif

m10


Name_eng: 
A girl and a honey
Description: 

A girl or a woman who was stuck in a tree-hollow when she tried to extract honey or who was greedily sucking honey otherwise, dies or turns into the honey or into the bee




Motif

m16


Name_eng: 
Ugly or sick one becomes healthy and handsome
Description: 

A kinfolk (often his mother) or wife (bride) of a sick (ugly, old) man or boy do not care for him. He becomes healthy (and handsome), punishes and/or abandons those who were evil with him




Motif

m18


Name_eng: 
Stolen arrows and hooks
Description: 

Person transforms himself into an object of hunting or fishing, provokes hunters of fishermen to catch or shoot him and carries way the tools that they use (arrows, darts, harpoons, hooks, baits). Or he fishes by turning himself into a hook. Or he is caught but escapes turning back into a person




Motif

m18a


Name_eng: 
Getting arrows
Description: 

Person turns into a fish or game and exposes himself as a target. A lot of arrows, darts or harpoons stick in his body making him no harm, he carries them away




Motif

m21


Name_eng: 
A protector hides fugitives
Description: 

Person pursued by an enemy asks somebody whom he meets to help him. The helper hides him




Motif

m21a


Name_eng: 
Under false cause of illness
Description: 

Person is pursued by an enemy. A bird or animal hides him or her in its mouth (under a wing) and pretends not to be able to open the mouth (to raise a wing) – because of a tooth ache, some injury and the like




Motif

h7g1


Name_eng: 
Death is more fair and rich than God
Description: 

Person (who is usually in search of the godgather for the newborn child) rejects God (saints) and devil but accepts Death who is more fair (or rich)




Motif

m43


Name_eng: 
Doll as a decoy
Description: 

To kill or catch a monster, human figure of wood or clay or alive woman is exposed as a bait. Usually monster's claws or sharp leg get stuck in the wood




Motif

b114


Name_eng: 
Old person turns into anteater
Description: 

Old man or old woman turns into anteater (origin of anteaters)




Motif

f47b


Name_eng: 
New people on the old place
Description: 

To create the new people (new women) instead of those who were destructed, person puts down in every empty hut (hearth, hammock) something (feathers, pieces of flesh) from which new people (new women) emerge




Motif

f12


Name_eng: 
Man kills his wife with her lover’s penis
Description: 

Man kills his wive inserting into her body the cut off penis of her lover




Motif

c34


Name_eng: 
The deluge because of a wounded creature
Description: 

Killing (injuring, offending) of some cruature (usually related to water) triggers deluge




Motif

k10


Name_eng: 
Fight with the monstrous bird
Description: 

Monstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it




Motif

g24


Name_eng: 
Food from the sky
Description: 

First seeds (sprouts, tubors) of cultivated plants or of important edible wild plants are brought from the sky (received from the sky-dwellers)




Motif

f35a


Name_eng: 
Feeding with the kin’s meat
Description: 

Person does not know that he or she eats or cooks the meat of the member of his or her household (blood relation, more rare a spouse or servant) or serves it to his or her friends, or uses her or his bones for everyday needs, or slowly kills him ort her




Motif

l9


Name_eng: 
Sharp body members
Description: 

Body members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon




Motif

b1f


Name_eng: 
Two brothers: a winner and a failure
Description: 

Two brothers (companions) live In the epoch of the creation. One of them is smart and selfconfident, another is weak and makes mistakes. They are not enemies and demonstrate their qualities in two or more episodes




Motif

e9


Name_eng: 
The mysterious housekeeper
Description: 

Person observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one




Motif

a28


Name_eng: 
The smart Sun and the unwise Moon
Description: 

The Sun and the Moon are men. The unwise Moon tries to repeat dangerous tricks of the Sun but fails to do it successfully




Motif

k11a1


Name_eng: 
Birds emerge from the monstrous bird
Description: 

Pierces of flesh or feathers of monstrous/unusual bird turn into common birds (or into their plumage)




Motif

i22f


Name_eng: 
Clashing trees
Description: 

Person must go beyond relatively small objects (trees, logs, blades) which are incessantly clashing and parting, rising and falling




Motif

f34b


Name_eng: 
The paramour is not a human being
Description: 

A girl (a woman, a group of women) intentionally takes a penis-being, a snake, an eel, a lizard, a worm, a big water animal or water monster or a big terrestrial mammal for paramour. People kill or maim the paramour, the woman and/or her progeny or she is transformed herself into an animal. She is blamed for her behavior




Motif

g13c


Name_eng: 
Bad food of the pre-agricultural epoch
Description: 

Before the cultivated plants or edible wild plants become known, people ate (decomposed) wood, bark, mud, stones, fungi




Motif

e13a


Name_eng: 
Sacred knowledge from under the water
Description: 

Sacred knowledge, objects and rituals are initially obtained from the denizens of the underwater world





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition: Canela (Eastern Timbira): Ramkokamekra, Apaniekra
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Cayapo (incl. Kubenkranken, Pau d’Arco, Shikrin or Xikrin)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Sherente
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Chamacoco (Ishir)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Shavante
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kechua-speaking communities of Apurimac, Cuzco, Arequipa, Puno departments; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries; Callawaya (Kechua with Pukina substratum)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Caraja
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Chorote
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Suruí, Gaviâo, Zoro, Arua, Cinta Larga

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Cayapo (incl. Kubenkranken, Pau d’Arco, Shikrin or Xikrin)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Canela (Eastern Timbira): Ramkokamekra, Apaniekra
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Sherente
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Umotina (Umutina)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Bororo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Paresi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Cofan (Cofán)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Warao