SE Australia: Kamilaroi, Yualarai (Ualarai, Euahlayi), Milpulo (Mailpurgu), Wuradjeri (Wiradjurim, Wiradjeri, Wurundjeri, Yarra, Yarra Yarra), Wongaibon (Wonghibon), Noongahburrah (Narran, Narran River), Kurnai, and many others (see file 0.doc)



Tradition title rus: 
ЮВ Австралия: вираджери, ярра, , нунгабурра, камиларои и мн. др. (см. файл 01.doc)
Areal ID: 
8.1.2.1
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
97.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
77.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a4


Name_eng: 
Female sun
Description: 

The Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female




Motif

a21


Name_eng: 
Luminaries are objects fixed in the sky
Description: 

The sun and/or the moon are inanimate objects thrown up to the sky or fixed in the sky




Motif

a35


Name_eng: 
Spots on the lunar disc
Description: 

Dark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure




Motif

a36


Name_eng: 
The immortal Moon
Description: 

The Moon, unlike people, revives or rejuvenates every month; or those who live in the Moon are immortal; or the Moon makes decision if people should die forever or regularly revive




Motif

a41


Name_eng: 
The Sun swallows her children
Description: 

Two persons have children (younger siblings, mothers). One of them proposes to another that they should kill (eat, bake, etc.) their children (mothers, etc.) but hides his or her own. The opponent actually kills his or her own kin. One of the persons or/and the only survived child is the Sun




Motif

b7c


Name_eng: 
Water splashed out
Description: 

Person or creature possesses all the fresh water. Another person splashes it out of a container or pond making it available for everybody




Motif

b8


Name_eng: 
Frog hides the water
Description: 

Frog hides all the water but other person makes it available for everybody




Motif

b9


Name_eng: 
Water in the tree trunk
Description: 

There is enormous amount of water inside a trunk of a tree or a tree turns into water




Motif

b20


Name_eng: 
Expedition to the upper world
Description: 

People regularly ascend to the sky for hunting, fishing or gathering; do not give honey, fish or proper meat to the old person remained below; she or he makes their return impossible, they remain in the sky




Motif

b21


Name_eng: 
Destruction of the world tree
Description: 

People ascend the tree to hunt, fish, or gather food in the sky. The tree is destroyed, people fall to earth or remain in the upper world




Motif

b47


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades bring cold
Description: 

In former times or regularly the Pleiades or other group of stars produced or produce till now severe cold. (The heliacal set of the Pleiades is in May-June while in the Northern Hemisphere they are seen best of all in the winter time)




Motif

b57


Name_eng: 
Blood reddens world
Description: 

When some person or animal is killed, blood paints the sky (origin of the sunrise or sunset, of reddish colors of Aurora borealis) or other natural objects (Moon, autumn vegetation)




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

b77a


Name_eng: 
Giant pushed the sky up
Description: 

One or several (animal)-persons push sky up to its present height




Motif

b82


Name_eng: 
The white raven
Description: 

Raven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white




Motif

c6


Name_eng: 
Valuables brought from the lower world
Description: 

Persons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)




Motif

c6c


Name_eng: 
The diver is a bird
Description: 

An aquatic bird dives and brings the desired object from the bottom




Motif

c6f


Name_eng: 
Diving for drowned person
Description: 

Persons or animals dive to get from under the water a drowned person or creature or part of its body




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

d9


Name_eng: 
Fire and vulture
Description: 

Raven or other big dark-feathered bird scavenger is the owner, personification, spouse, obtainer or stealer of fire, daylight, or the Sun




Motif

d12


Name_eng: 
Food baked in the sun
Description: 

First people or inhabitants of a distant country cook food in the sun; or fire owner lies that he or she cooks food in the sun




Motif

d13f


Name_eng: 
Laughter and fire
Description: 

Laughter triggers emergence or spread of fire. Usually fire is obtained from a creature when it bursts out laughing




Motif

d13h


Name_eng: 
The dead should not laugh
Description: 

Person should not laugh in the world of the dead




Motif

e35


Name_eng: 
Webbed fingers
Description: 

First people or people made by Creator's rival were imperfect, not completely anthropomorphic (often: had webbed fingers)




Motif

f1


Name_eng: 
First woman is a transformed man
Description: 

Woman, female supernatural or animal females are created by changing the sex of a man (or male animals)




Motif

f7


Name_eng: 
The water-maiden
Description: 

Man takes or attempts to take a wife who is connected with the underwater world (fish, crab, snake, water animal and the like)




Motif

f16


Name_eng: 
Men and women: exchange of anatomical characteristics
Description: 

Initially men possessed women's biological traits and vice versa (beard, menses, breasts, bearing children)




Motif

f18d


Name_eng: 
Long clitoris
Description: 

Female genitals are as long as a big snake




Motif

f45


Name_eng: 
The Amazons
Description: 

There are (or were) women who live apart from men in their own village or villages




Motif

f82


Name_eng: 
Incest with mother-in-law
Description: 

A man uses a trick to have opportunity to make love to his mother-in-law or woman uses a trick to make love to her son-in-law. Usually a man takes with him on a hunt not his wife but her mother




Motif

h5


Name_eng: 
People and snakes
Description: 

Reptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death




Motif

h7


Name_eng: 
The personified Death
Description: 

Death (also Old Age, Disease, etc.) is a particular person not identical with the Master of the Dead. He kills people usually carrying away their souls




Motif

h10


Name_eng: 
Stone sinks, stick floats
Description: 

People are mortal because stone thrown into the water sank. They have missed a chance to be like wood or other organic matter that floated




Motif

h20


Name_eng: 
Fish disperse in the world
Description: 

All the fish or (rare) shellfish) was concentrated in one place. Certain person lets it lose or puts it into the rivers or sea




Motif

h34a


Name_eng: 
Controversy over conditions of life
Description: 

Person has a series of suggestions how to make the world easy for living and free of hard work and death. His companion successively rejects them. Their dialogue forever defines conditions of human life




Motif

i8c


Name_eng: 
The suspended earth
Description: 

The earth does not fall down or swing because it is suspended to ropes




Motif

i22


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent movement
Description: 

There are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)




Motif

i24


Name_eng: 
A snake bridge
Description: 

Snake, lizard or worm is a bridge or a rope over the river




Motif

i32


Name_eng: 
Tree of the babies
Description: 

There is (or was) a tree on which souls of still unborn babies grow, which leaves transform into people, or which trunk is covered with female breasts or flowers that innumerable babies are sucking




Motif

i39


Name_eng: 
Rainbow road or bridge
Description: 

Rainbow is a road, a bridge or a ladder




Motif

i41


Name_eng: 
Rainbow serpent
Description: 

Rainbow is a reptile (usually a snake) or (more rare) a fish, or it is related to snake, to its tongue, breath, or to scorpion's tail




Motif

i43a


Name_eng: 
The celestial monster
Description: 

Giant reptilian monster (serpent, more rare fish, chain of fish) extends in the sky and/or supports the sky being associated with Milky Way or the rainbow




Motif

i43b


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a serpent or fish
Description: 

Milky Way is a reptile, fish, or chain of fish




Motif

i45b


Name_eng: 
Not to point at the rainbow
Description: 

It to point at the rainbow, pointing finger or entire arm will rot, wither or become crooked




Motif

i56


Name_eng: 
Ghosts do not see people from earth
Description: 

The alive person who is travelling between the worlds is visible for inhabitants of one world and invisible for inhabitants of another




Motif

i62


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a river
Description: 

Milky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim




Motif

i65


Name_eng: 
Milky Way of the dead
Description: 

Milky Way is the path over which souls travel to the beyond or a path of the funeral procession




Motif

i82a


Name_eng: 
Venus is male
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a male personage




Motif

i100


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are girls
Description: 

The Pleiades are a group of girls or women (with children)




Motif

i100b


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a group of people
Description: 

The Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)




Motif

i108


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a person
Description: 

The Pleiades are only one anthropomorphic being, not several persons




Motif

i115a


Name_eng: 
Orion and the Pleiades as a man and women
Description: 

Orion and the Pleiades are opposed as a man or men and a woman or women. Orion is usually male




Motif

j58


Name_eng: 
The arrow ladder
Description: 

Persons shoot arrows (darts) which hit each other’s end forming a chain (rope, ladder). Persons climb by this chain to the sky or (rare) across an obstacle




Motif

j59


Name_eng: 
Following arrow to get to the sky
Description: 

To climb to the sky, person must first to shoot an arrow that reaches the sky and sticks to it




Motif

k1f


Name_eng: 
Conflict because of a woman
Description: 

A man maroons another because of jealousy or because he plans to take hold of his wife




Motif

k2


Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)




Motif

k3


Name_eng: 
Tree or rock grows taller
Description: 

Hero climbs up a tree or rock to get eggs, nestlings, fruits, honey, etc. Another person makes the tree (rock) grow higher or thicker and the hero is unable to descend back




Motif

k11a


Name_eng: 
Feathers turn into birds or men
Description: 

Feathers of (giant) bird turn into different present day birds (in their plumage) or into the men




Motif

k19a


Name_eng: 
Star-wife
Description: 

A man maries a star-woman




Motif

k24


Name_eng: 
Stolen clothes of supernatural woman
Description: 

Women who possess supernatural power and usually come from a non-human world (from sky, from under the water, they are winged beings, bird- or animal-persons) take off their clothes (feather skins and the like) or part of it. Because a man hides the clothes (of one of them), their owner(s) have (has) to marry him or help him




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

l41


Name_eng: 
Hero escapes on the way
Description: 

An ogre or ogress catches a person and carries his or her prey home but the person escapes on the way or immediately after reaching the ogre's house




Motif

l62


Name_eng: 
The Stone man
Description: 

Stone man kills people but ultimately is killed himself




Motif

m9


Name_eng: 
Stuck in a tree hollow
Description: 

Person who puts her or his head or hand into a tree hollow or (rare) other hole is stuck fast in it or falls into the hollow and dies or undergoes a metamorphosis




Motif

m10


Name_eng: 
A girl and a honey
Description: 

A girl or a woman who was stuck in a tree-hollow when she tried to extract honey or who was greedily sucking honey otherwise, dies or turns into the honey or into the bee




Motif

m12


Name_eng: 
The unlucky hunter
Description: 

Not to return home empty-handed, a hunter or (rare) a fisherman cuts off a piece of flesh from his body (usually from his calf) or (more rare) extracts his blood or entrails. Usually he brings his flesh or blood to other people pretending that is a good game or fish; or a woman cuts off a piece of flesh from her calf to feed her husband




Motif

m29a


Name_eng: 
Trickster-raven
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is raven




Motif

m43


Name_eng: 
Doll as a decoy
Description: 

To kill or catch a monster, human figure of wood or clay or alive woman is exposed as a bait. Usually monster's claws or sharp leg get stuck in the wood




Motif

m50


Name_eng: 
Man follows stars
Description: 

A man tries to join a group of persons who are or become stars (usually the Pleiades) but suffers a reverse; or he pursues the stars to have sexual contact or to be reintegrated with members of his family




Motif

m104


Name_eng: 
Make believe killing of kinsfolk
Description: 

Person conceals his or her close relatives (children, mother, brothers) and tells another that he or she has killed them. Another believes and agrees to kill his or her own children, mother, etc.




Motif

m105a


Name_eng: 
Make believe killing of children
Description: 

Person conceals her children and tells another one that she has killed them. Another person really kills her own




Motif

b42


Name_eng: 
Cosmic hunt
Description: 

Certain stars or constellations are interpreted as hunters, their dogs and game that the hunters pursue




Motif

i66


Name_eng: 
Ashes on Milky Way
Description: 

Milky Way is ashes or smoldering coals




Motif

b10


Name_eng: 
Drunk out water
Description: 

Person drinks a lake or all the water in the world or all the water is originally inside person's belly. When a hole is made in it, the water pours out




Motif

i72


Name_eng: 
Stars are people
Description: 

Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)




Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a6


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are females
Description: 

Both the Sun and the Moon are considered to be females (incl. cases when the gender is not directly specified but both emerge from parts of the body of a female person)




Motif

i134


Name_eng: 
Long neck on the Milky Way
Description: 

Figure of a long-necked creature (llama or nandu) is seen along the axes of the Milkt Way




Motif

b42n


Name_eng: 
Orion is one person
Description: 

Constellation of Orion or the Belt of Orion is identified with only one male person, usually with a warrior or hunter




Motif

d5


Name_eng: 
Woman as the owner of the fire
Description: 

Female person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire




Motif

i67


Name_eng: 
Emu and rhea in the Milky Way
Description: 

A giant figure of an emu (in Australia) or rhea (in South America) is seen in the Milky Way




Motif

a47


Name_eng: 
The Sun is born from an egg
Description: 

The Sun is born or created from an egg




Motif

b12


Name_eng: 
Rivers and snakes
Description: 

The river bed follows the way of a snake, fish, dragon or crab; pieces of the snake’s body turn into rivers; a river is a snake




Motif

l19a


Name_eng: 
Beings with even number of heads
Description: 

Beings (any besides birds) with even but not more than ten number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. Beings that with even number of heads named in a row with other multi-headed beings and the highest number is even or bigger than ten are not considered




Motif

k10


Name_eng: 
Fight with the monstrous bird
Description: 

Monstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it




Motif

d4h1


Name_eng: 
Robin obtains fire
Description: 

A small singing bird (robim, wren) steals fire for people




Motif

b7b


Name_eng: 
Waters from broken pot
Description: 

Sea, river, waters of flood flow out of a small receptacle




Motif

a8b


Name_eng: 
The Sun in the land of the dead
Description: 

When the Sun descends below the horizon, it shines to the anthropomorphic denizens of the netherworld (the dead, dwarfs, etc.)




Motif

m11


Name_eng: 
The unclean food
Description: 

Person feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food




Motif

b125


Name_eng: 
Animals exchange their organs
Description: 

During the time of creation particular species of animals (rare: plants) exchanged certain organs or traits or one animal borrowed an organ from another one but never brought it back. Thence the characteristics of these animals now. In rare cases the back exchange and restoring of the initial situation or the passing of certain organ from one animal to another without compensation are described




Motif

k11a1


Name_eng: 
Birds emerge from the monstrous bird
Description: 

Pierces of flesh or feathers of monstrous/unusual bird turn into common birds (or into their plumage)




Motif

i22e


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent move on the way of the dead
Description: 

On their way to the Beyond, souls of the dead must get between clashing rocks or other moving obstacles




Motif

a7


Name_eng: 
The sun pursues the moon
Description: 

The Sun and the Moon are two persons one of which is pursuing another in the sky or pursued him or her when they were rising to the sky from the earth




Motif

a14a


Name_eng: 
The conflict between the Sun and the Moon
Description: 

The Sun and the Moon are or were enemies, either permanently or in particular situations




Motif

e13a


Name_eng: 
Sacred knowledge from under the water
Description: 

Sacred knowledge, objects and rituals are initially obtained from the denizens of the underwater world




Motif

m105a1


Name_eng: 
Make believe killing of children: two birds
Description: 

One of two birds (usually both, rarely only one of them, do not fly) suggests another one two break their eggs. Another bird agrees and later discovers that the eggs of the first one are preserved




Motif

i98c


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades is a flock of birds
Description: 

The Pleiades is a flock of birds (in flight)





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Arnhem Land: Enindhilyagwa (Groote Eilandt), KuTiwi, Yulengor, Mara, Oenpelli, Murngin, Roper River, Maung, Murinbata, Murngin (Duwal), Millingimbi, Goulburn Island, Ngulugwongga, Yirrkalla, Voctoria River Downs, Alawa, Anu, Kunwinjku
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Mocovi; Kechua of Santiago del Estero with probable Guaikuruan substratum; Abipon
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Mataco
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Queensland: Mungkan (Wikmunkan), Wiknatara, Bloomfield River, Cape Bedford, Cape Grafton, Kokowara (Koko-Warra), Koko-yalunyu (Kokokulunggur), Bunya Bunya, Waka-Waka (Wakawaka), Kabikabi, Chepara
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Toba (incl Pilaga)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Makka
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Bhils (incl Barela-Bhilala), Pardhi, Kokna, Parwa
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Chamacoco (Ishir)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Paresi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Gutob (Gadaba)

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Yanomamo (Yanoama): Yanomam, Yanomami
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Apinaye (Apinage, Apinaje)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Shuar, Achuar (Shiwiar)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Khoekhoe (=Hottentot; incl Nama, Korana); Damara
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Craho
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Arnhem Land: Enindhilyagwa (Groote Eilandt), KuTiwi, Yulengor, Mara, Oenpelli, Murngin, Roper River, Maung, Murinbata, Murngin (Duwal), Millingimbi, Goulburn Island, Ngulugwongga, Yirrkalla, Voctoria River Downs, Alawa, Anu, Kunwinjku
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Iranxe
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Southern Paiute
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Paresi