Shandong Chinese



Tradition title rus: 
Китайцы провинции Шаньдун
Areal ID: 
10.2.2.11
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
69.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
39.00
Motifs: 

Motif

b73b


Name_eng: 
The cuckoo: in search of lost family member
Description: 

Two teenagers or young people are in search of each other, call each other (or one of them call another): a girl in search of her lost (or dead) brother or brother’s wife, a boy in search of his brother or sister, young parents in seach their child. One or both of them turn into birds with specific cry




Motif

e31a


Name_eng: 
Creators and rescuers of a girl
Description: 

Several men take part in rescuing, creation or reanimation of a girl (rare: a bird) or several women take part in the reanimation of a dead man or they differetly express their grief. It is asked whose role was crucial (who behavior more noble) and/or who should be the spouse of the reanimated person. Or three men make something valuable and it is asked whose role in the corresponding enterprise was more important




Motif

f51b


Name_eng: 
Following the thread
Description: 

To get know the nature or locality of a person, another fastens a thread to his body and follows it




Motif

f51d


Name_eng: 
The ginseng-child
Description: 

The ginseng roots are boys or girls who help the hero




Motif

i26


Name_eng: 
Dangers on the way of souls
Description: 

On its way to the Beyond, a soul has to defend itself or divert attention of guards who wait for it giving presents to them




Motif

i27


Name_eng: 
Chthonic canine
Description: 

A dog is the lord, guard or guide of/to the land of the dead; or dogs live on the way to the land of the dead




Motif

j18a


Name_eng: 
Mother is eaten up, children escape
Description: 

An ogress devours a woman, gets into her house. Her daughters (daughter and son, one daughter) run away, climb a tree or a rope that hangs from the sky. Ogress pursues them and perishes




Motif

j47


Name_eng: 
Pursuer falls from height
Description: 

Person ascends to the sky (rare: descends from the sky; ascends the cliff) by a rope, a ladder, etc. Another person tries to follow him or her but the rope (the ladder) is broken or severed




Motif

k24


Name_eng: 
Stolen clothes of supernatural woman
Description: 

Women who possess supernatural power and usually come from a non-human world (from sky, from under the water, they are winged beings, bird- or animal-persons) take off their clothes (feather skins and the like) or part of it. Because a man hides the clothes (of one of them), their owner(s) have (has) to marry him or help him




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

k27hh


Name_eng: 
To sort grain
Description: 

A task: to sort a large amount or small particles of different kind (usually seeds of different plants) mixed in container or to count such particles or to pick up the spilled grains




Motif

k27n


Name_eng: 
Difficult tasks of the in-laws
Description: 

A man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage




Motif

k32


Name_eng: 
The false wife
Description: 

An ugly, old, lazy, etc. woman or (in Chaco) a male trickster comes to man under disguise of his wife or bride who is driven out, confined to the underworld, killed, etc.




Motif

k33


Name_eng: 
Drowned woman remains alive
Description: 

A young woman is transformed into an animal, pushed into the water, into the underworld or she herself has to plunge into water (acquire animal form). Her connection with the human world is not completely lost, however, and usually she is helped to return to the people




Motif

k33a


Name_eng: 
Younger brother transformed into animal
Description: 

Siblings (most often younger brother and elder sister) leave their home. One of them (most often the brother, most rare several brothers) turn into animal (usually an ungulate) or (rare) a bird but (in the most cases) ultimately acquires his or her human form again




Motif

k57


Name_eng: 
Cinderella
Description: 

A girl who conceals her beauty and/or is poor and oppressed by her stepmother puts on a splendid attire and comes incognito to a feast where a man of high status falls in love with her. He marries her after identifying her by an object given to her or lost by her or (rare) seeing how she changes her clothes




Motif

k75


Name_eng: 
The youngest daughter is willing (The loathsome bridegroom)
Description: 

A girl (usually the youngest of several sisters) does not reject but marries a poor, sick, dirty, old, too young, non-human, etc. man who later demonstrates his supernatural qualities




Motif

k76b


Name_eng: 
Snake son and snake husband
Description: 

An (adoptive) son is a snake who turns into handsome man. The snake is the magic spouse of princess, lost and returned




Motif

k77a


Name_eng: 
Small objects and animals defeat the ogre
Description: 

Small objects and animals (rare: animals alone but including those who really are harmless) revenge on a powerful enemy making attack on him in succession (usually they hide in his or her house); the enemy is badly injured, runs away or dies




Motif

k80


Name_eng: 
Repetitive reincarnation
Description: 

Person (usually a young woman) turns into different objects or creatures which another person destroys one by one. However, the person is reincarnated again and again and ultimately acquires her or his original form




Motif

k103


Name_eng: 
Helpful cow
Description: 

Cow (ox, bull) helps an orphan child or a young woman who got into trouble




Motif

k151


Name_eng: 
The fisherman and his wife
Description: 

Supernatural creature fulfills a poor man’s moderate request. After this he or his wife asks for ever bigger gifts till the angry helper punishes them (usually takes all his gifts away)




Motif

l27a


Name_eng: 
One is eaten up, another escapes
Description: 

Two or three children get to the house of a demon or the latter comes to their house. They do not know that the person is a cannibal or are not sure about it. The demon eats up one of the children. Another child (children) escapes, the demon pursues him or them and perishes. Usually the demon is a female, and if he is male, his victims do not arouse in him sexual interest




Motif

l108


Name_eng: 
The wolf and the kids
Description: 

An (animal) person gives a signal (special song, etc.) to his relative or friend who lets him or her in. Antagonist imitates the person's voice or guise and the relative lets him in




Motif

m29w2


Name_eng: 
The tiger is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the tiger suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

m75b1a


Name_eng: 
The predestined wife
Description: 

A man (usually of high social position) learns by a prediction that a (newborn) girl will be his future wife or a girl from rich family gets to know that her future husband is a poor man. The man (the girl, something else) attempts to kill the predestined marriage partner but only wounds her or him. After the wedding it becomes clear that the prediction is fulfilled




Motif

m167


Name_eng: 
A tiger taken for a bull
Description: 

During the night a strong predator (a tiger, a lion, etc.) and a thief not knowing about each other get into stable to steal a domestic animal. The thief takes the predator for domestic animal or for a person and acts accordingly




Motif

m167a


Name_eng: 
A tiger who is afraid of Twilight
Description: 

A strong predator (usually a tiger) overhears a person saying that he fears something worse than a tiger The word is unknown to the tiger (twilight, etc). Thinking it must be a terrible thing he hides and then runs away




Motif

k2


Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)




Motif

k2a


Name_eng: 
Hero marooned in the underworld
Description: 

Hero is sent to the lower world though a well, precipice, etc. After he obtains valuables (young women), his envious companions cut the rope to get rid of him but he succeeds in returning back




Motif

a2a


Name_eng: 
The sun is a source of distructive heat
Description: 

The world was or will be (almost) burned when several suns had (will) appear(ed) simultaneously; or the only sun was too hot (or bright)




Motif

a2b


Name_eng: 
Extra suns and moons annihilated
Description: 

Other suns or moons besides present ones had been in the sky and were later annihilated




Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a12a


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: a predator animal
Description: 

During an eclipse or at other circumstances the Sun or the Moon are attacked by a predator animal (a bear, a feline, a canine, a racoon)




Motif

a4


Name_eng: 
Female sun
Description: 

The Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female




Motif

a4a


Name_eng: 
The Sun dazzles eyes
Description: 

Modest Sun-woman dazzles (usually pricks with needles, i.e. the sun rays) eyes of those who look at her




Motif

a4b


Name_eng: 
The Sun is afraid of the night
Description: 

Being afraid of the night, the Sun decided to travel across the sky only at the day time




Motif

a32


Name_eng: 
Figure on lunar disc
Description: 

A figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)




Motif

a32a


Name_eng: 
The Moon rabbit
Description: 

Rabbit or hare are seen in the moon




Motif

a32d


Name_eng: 
Man in the Moon
Description: 

Human being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon




Motif

a32e


Name_eng: 
Person with an object in hands
Description: 

Person who holds some object in his or her hands is seen in the moon (rare: in the sun)




Motif

a32h


Name_eng: 
The Moon plant
Description: 

A tree or bush is seen in the moon




Motif

a37


Name_eng: 
The Sun is attacked with weapons
Description: 

Person intentionally and with special equipment (usually shooting arrows) attacks the Sun (or several suns if they were many)




Motif

a46


Name_eng: 
The Sun and Moon emerge from the eyes of a being
Description: 

The Sun and Moon (Rig-Veda: the Sun only) appear from eyes of an anthropomorphic being




Motif

b43


Name_eng: 
Purusha
Description: 

Parts of the body of the primeval person or creature are transformed into different elements of the landscape and parts of the universe




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

b77a


Name_eng: 
Giant pushed the sky up
Description: 

One or several (animal)-persons push sky up to its present height




Motif

b79


Name_eng: 
Cosmic egg
Description: 

From the primeval egg, eggs, or egg-like ball emerge the earth, the sky, sky bodies, different animals (all or part of the items of this list)




Motif

c25b


Name_eng: 
A spinner in the Moon
Description: 

In the sky, on the Moon (rare: on the Sun), i.e. somewhere outside of our world certain person is spinning, weaving, plaiting, or embroidering




Motif

c39


Name_eng: 
The repaired sky
Description: 

When part of the sky was broken, the hole was filled up with stones or pieces of ice




Motif

h6d


Name_eng: 
Stolen immortality
Description: 

Person brings a remedy that gets immortality. While he is asleep or absent, somebody else steals the remedy




Motif

i55


Name_eng: 
Stars are openings
Description: 

Stars are openings in the firmament; holes in dwelling's covering are thought to be stars




Motif

c8a2


Name_eng: 
The stone lion
Description: 

The lion (often the stone lion) helps to suvive the flood




Motif

c8


Name_eng: 
The couple of close relations originates the mankind
Description: 

In the beginning of time or after the natural disaster brother and sister, mother and son, or father and daughters are the only human beings. They marry and the present day people are their descendents




Motif

c8a


Name_eng: 
Grinding stones match
Description: 

Being alone and having no other marriage partners, brother and sister agree to marry each other if a highly improbable event or a series of events will take place. Among the events that take place (alternatively or one after the other) are 1) the siblings let two grinding stones roll from two mountains, the brother's stone falls on the sister's one; 2) brother and sister throw two swords from two mountains, both swords get into one sheath; 3) they throw some objects up, the objects get together; 4) they kindle two fires, columns of smoke get together; 5) they put to grow two stems of bamboo, tops of the stems get together




Motif

i82a


Name_eng: 
Venus is male
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a male personage




Motif

k176


Name_eng: 
A man in search of the woman
Description: 

A (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife




Motif

a1


Name_eng: 
The old sun
Description: 

Another sun, usually less benevolent and/or powerful, existed before the present one




Motif

l13


Name_eng: 
The reared up monster
Description: 

A small creature is reared up by people. When it is grown up, it becomes harmful and dangerous




Motif

a6


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are females
Description: 

Both the Sun and the Moon are considered to be females (incl. cases when the gender is not directly specified but both emerge from parts of the body of a female person)




Motif

k2a1


Name_eng: 
Simple man gets to see how the princess has been abducted
Description: 

A simple man becomes a chance witness of the abduction of the princess by the demonic being or finds an evidence of the abduction. The girl’s father sends him to bring her back




Motif

k145b


Name_eng: 
The bride devours her bridegroom
Description: 

When a girl and a man remain alone (usually during their wedding night), the girl turns into a predator animal or a monster and devours the man




Motif

e9


Name_eng: 
The mysterious housekeeper
Description: 

Person observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one




Motif

e9e


Name_eng: 
Puppy as a reward
Description: 

Youth gets to supernatural beings, rejects any treasure, asks for a puppy, a dog's skin, a fruit, etc. When he returns home, the puppy (skin, etc.) turn into magic wife




Motif

f62


Name_eng: 
Incognito at the feast
Description: 

An (ostensibly) sick (ugly, weak, poorly clad) person remains at home when others go to the feast. The person comes by himself or herself looking like a handsome man or beautiful girl. The man (woman) does not recognize him (her) and feels against her (him) sexual interestю (All texts with motif k57, Chinderella, are also included into f62)




Motif

g23


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into many objects
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)




Motif

a46a


Name_eng: 
The Sun and Moon are eyes of a deity
Description: 

The Sun and Moon (Rig-Veda: the Sun only) are associated with eyes of an anthropomorphic being (the motif of their emergence, creation from his eyes is not obligatory)




Motif

k25a1


Name_eng: 
Magic wife finds her clothes
Description: 

Magic wife abandons her mortal husband when she finds her clothes (often, her feathers if she is a bird-woman), makes herself the new clothes, receives them from her kin or her husband gives her her clothing believing that she will not abandon him. (Versions with magic wife abandoning her husband because she feels herself offended is not alternative to the “found clothes but in most of the texts these motifs are not combined)




Motif

c8aa


Name_eng: 
Brother and sister beget the people
Description: 

In the beginning of time or after the natural disaster brother and sister are the only human beings. They marry and the present day people are their descendents





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Shanxi and Hebei Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Early Chinese written sources
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Henan and Hubei Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Sichuan Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Manchu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Koreans; Goguryeo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Miao (Hmong) and Yao of Southern China
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Chinese of Qinghai and Gansu provinces and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Lahu, Kucong, Yi, Nosu (Nuosu, Northern Yi), Nisu, Nusu, Sani, Jino, Lolo (incl. Bai), Axi, Nasu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Shaanxi Chinese

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Japanese folklore outside of Ryukyu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang Chinese; Manchuria Chinese (data not specified on particular provinces)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Henan and Hubei Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Jiangsu and Zhejang Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Koreans; Goguryeo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Northern Ryukyu Islands (with southern Kyusyu in case of absence across the rest of Japan
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Fikian Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Chinese folklore: Anhui, Jiangxi and data without precise provinience (incl Hakka, Min Dong)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Guangdong, Guanxi and Yunnan Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Kuki, Chiru, Falam (Hallam), Chin (Meitei =Manipuri, Khami, =Kumi), Lakher, Mizo (Lushei), Anal, Pawi (Lai), Purum, Koireng, Milhiem, Kolhen, Mru