Shasta; Chimariko



Tradition title rus: 
Шаста, чимарико
Areal ID: 
12.6.1.4
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
78.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
43.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a2a


Name_eng: 
The sun is a source of distructive heat
Description: 

The world was or will be (almost) burned when several suns had (will) appear(ed) simultaneously; or the only sun was too hot (or bright)




Motif

a2b


Name_eng: 
Extra suns and moons annihilated
Description: 

Other suns or moons besides present ones had been in the sky and were later annihilated




Motif

a3


Name_eng: 
Male sun and female moon
Description: 

The Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male




Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a12a


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: a predator animal
Description: 

During an eclipse or at other circumstances the Sun or the Moon are attacked by a predator animal (a bear, a feline, a canine, a racoon)




Motif

a32


Name_eng: 
Figure on lunar disc
Description: 

A figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)




Motif

a32b


Name_eng: 
The Moon toad
Description: 

Frog or toad are seen in the moon or the Moon is associated with them




Motif

a32d


Name_eng: 
Man in the Moon
Description: 

Human being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon




Motif

b28


Name_eng: 
Travelling transformer
Description: 

The transformer walks along coming across different persons and creatures, transforming them into birds, animals, stones, shrines, etc. (or transforming monstrous animals into present day ones) and introducing cultural norms, landscape features, etc.




Motif

b36


Name_eng: 
Creatures acquire their physical traits
Description: 

Birds, fish, reptiles, mammals intentionally or by chance are smeared with colorful substances or divide among themselves parts of somebody's body thus acquiring their present characteristics




Motif

b37


Name_eng: 
Creatures are made appear as they are now
Description: 

Person decorates different birds (rare: fish), share fat between anomals. Since then, the corresponding species acquire present characteristics




Motif

b50


Name_eng: 
Whose blood is sweeter?
Description: 

An insect feeds on human blood (flesh). Dangerous person asks it where it had sucked blood or whose blood (flesh) is the most delicious. Usually the insect lies or cannot answer (its tongue is cut off) and thanks to this dangerous person attacks certain plants or animals and not people




Motif

b51


Name_eng: 
Mosquito and thunder
Description: 

Thanks to intentional misinformation, Thunder did not get know that
bloodsucking insect has sucked human blood




Motif

c16


Name_eng: 
Processed objects turn into animals
Description: 

Against person's will, butchered, dried or cooked meat, tanned hides, etc. turn back into animals or fish and escape.




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

d4e


Name_eng: 
Coyote or fox obtain fire
Description: 

Coyote or fox bring people the fire, the daylight or the Sun




Motif

e4


Name_eng: 
Creation from cuticle
Description: 

Supernatural person rubs his or her skin, creates the entire earth, human or other beings of dirt (from under his or her nails) and cuticle




Motif

f18c


Name_eng: 
Girls at the opposite bank
Description: 

Seeing a girl on the opposite bank of a river, person uses tricks to have sex with her: sends his long penis, transforms his penis into a bridge or a dam, dives and copulates with a girl from under the water




Motif

f18d


Name_eng: 
Long clitoris
Description: 

Female genitals are as long as a big snake




Motif

f60


Name_eng: 
Trickster cures maiden
Description: 

A girl gets sick. A man comes to cure her but only copulates with her or makes an attempt to do so




Motif

h1a


Name_eng: 
The originator of death the first sufferer
Description: 

One person wants man to live forever, another wants man to be mortal. When somebody dear to the latter one dies, he or she is eager to accept the suggestion of his or her opponent but the original decision cannot be changed




Motif

h1b


Name_eng: 
Death of a neighbor’s child
Description: 

Person does something that makes death inevitable because the death of a child or a woman beloved by another person is indifferent or desirable for him or her




Motif

h12


Name_eng: 
The alive person comes to the land of the dead after somebody’s death
Description: 

The alive person comes to the land of the dead to bring back somebody who has recently died (besides stories about shamans who journey to the other world to bring back the soul of a sick person) or, having no particular aim, goes there in company of somebody who had recently died or following his or her tracks




Motif

h24


Name_eng: 
Container opened too early
Description: 

Container with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear




Motif

h24a


Name_eng: 
A bag with stars
Description: 

Person opens a bag with stars which ascend to sky in disorder




Motif

h36gg


Name_eng: 
Death and the coyote
Description: 

Coyote is responsible for introduction of permanent death




Motif

i47


Name_eng: 
Rainbow is filth
Description: 

Rainbow is a flatulence of a demon, a spray of a skunk, is associated with spit, urine, feces, genitals, etc., causes skin diseases, is associated with death




Motif

i49


Name_eng: 
The running earthquake
Description: 

Earthquake is a person. Whenever he or she runs or walks, the earth trembles




Motif

i65


Name_eng: 
Milky Way of the dead
Description: 

Milky Way is the path over which souls travel to the beyond or a path of the funeral procession




Motif

i99


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are boys or men
Description: 

The Pleiades are a group of boys or men, or a group of different people but predominantly males




Motif

i100b


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a group of people
Description: 

The Pleiades are any people (of any ages and sex, combined data of i99-i100a)




Motif

j4


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the male relatives
Description: 

Heroes avenge the murder or captivity of the male relatives: (grand)father, uncles, or the elder relatives in general, the loss of the males being the most traumatic




Motif

j52


Name_eng: 
Two animal persons and their children
Description: 

A person (usually zoomorphic and female) treacherously kills her (his) companion. The victim's children revenge on the murderer killing her own children




Motif

j53c


Name_eng: 
One of two female companions kills another
Description: 

Two co-wives of female companions live together, both have children. Once when they go to work outdoors (usually to gather wild plants), one of them kills and devours another. The victim's children escape




Motif

k1h


Name_eng: 
Imprisoned in the tree-hollow
Description: 

Person is imprisoned in a tree-hollow or inside a rock and is released by somebody who makes a hole from outside




Motif

k2


Name_eng: 
The destroyed ladder
Description: 

Hero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)




Motif

k3


Name_eng: 
Tree or rock grows taller
Description: 

Hero climbs up a tree or rock to get eggs, nestlings, fruits, honey, etc. Another person makes the tree (rock) grow higher or thicker and the hero is unable to descend back




Motif

k4


Name_eng: 
The bird nester
Description: 

Person climbs up a tree or rock or descends to a cave to get eggs or nestlings from the bird's nest. Another person remains on the ground. They get into conflict and/or the first person is unable to get back to the ground




Motif

k8a


Name_eng: 
Jonah: swallowed by monster
Description: 

Person gets into the belly of water being or into the belly of giant creature which appearance and living place remain vague. He kills the monster from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)




Motif

k8c


Name_eng: 
Jonah: swallowed by terrestrial animal
Description: 

Person gets into the belly of ground animal or bird. He kills it from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)




Motif

k27l


Name_eng: 
Water covered with ice
Description: 

When hero dives, the antagonist covers the water surface with ice or net




Motif

k27n


Name_eng: 
Difficult tasks of the in-laws
Description: 

A man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage




Motif

k27p


Name_eng: 
Antagonist mourns loss of his helpers
Description: 

The antagonist sends the hero to the place where he is attacked by dangerous creatures. The hero kills them and brings to the antagonist. The creatures are the antagonist's relatives, pets, or helpers, therefore he or she mourns their death or revives them




Motif

k29a


Name_eng: 
Surviving in a fire
Description: 

Hero demonstrates his supernatural abilities remaining alive in a burning hot chamber, stove, bonfire, among burning vegetation




Motif

k34


Name_eng: 
Fatal swing
Description: 

Person kills others inviting them to sit on a swing and launching them into water, on rocks, etc.




Motif

k42


Name_eng: 
Bird-woman kills men (The loon-woman)
Description: 

Bird-woman is energetically searching a man whom she likes, takes him by force for her husband. Turning into a monster, she kills men but is ultimately destroyed




Motif

l5c


Name_eng: 
Rolling head is a dangerous monster
Description: 

Rolling head is a dangerous mobster (pursues celestial bodies, people etc.)




Motif

l15a


Name_eng: 
Vulnerable place on the body
Description: 

The only vulnerable spot is near the surface of person’s or creature’s body and not in his inner organs




Motif

l22


Name_eng: 
The sound sleep
Description: 

After breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep. They do not feel when at night spirits come and injure or kill them




Motif

l22a


Name_eng: 
People become blind
Description: 

After breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep and awake blind




Motif

l38a


Name_eng: 
A sticky trap
Description: 

Person sticks to an object, usually touching it one by one with his body members. The object is a trap of demonic creature or is a non human creature itself




Motif

l44a


Name_eng: 
Give me your liver
Description: 

A man hides in a shelter. An ogre wants him to give certain parts of his body. The man gives the ogre instead parts of the body of a killed animal. The ogre does not understand the deceit, gives in response parts of his own body and dies




Motif

l47


Name_eng: 
Enemy moves backward and dies
Description: 

Hero's enemy ascends a tree or rock head downward or walks backward letting the hero better possibility to kill him or to escape




Motif

l98


Name_eng: 
Cannibal owl
Description: 

Dangerous cannibal or bush spirit who abducts children, attacks people, etc. is associated with an owl




Motif

m8


Name_eng: 
Breaking the obstacle
Description: 

Non-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object




Motif

m8a


Name_eng: 
Birds peck a rock to release prisoners
Description: 

Birds and sometimes also animals work hard to break from the outside or from the inside a rock, a tree truck, bonds, etc. to release some beings or themselves from confinement in a small enclosure or trap




Motif

m12


Name_eng: 
The unlucky hunter
Description: 

Not to return home empty-handed, a hunter or (rare) a fisherman cuts off a piece of flesh from his body (usually from his calf) or (more rare) extracts his blood or entrails. Usually he brings his flesh or blood to other people pretending that is a good game or fish; or a woman cuts off a piece of flesh from her calf to feed her husband




Motif

m29b


Name_eng: 
Trickster-fox, jackal or coyote
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote




Motif

m49


Name_eng: 
Man in a skin of another
Description: 

Hero comes across a (animal-)person from an enemy group and takes his or her appearance, usually dressing himself in a skin of his victim; after this he penetrates the enemy camp




Motif

m97


Name_eng: 
The blind is directed by trees
Description: 

Person is lost or becomes blind. He walks asking different trees their names and makes decisions according to their answers reaching ultimately his destination




Motif

m122


Name_eng: 
Advisers inside
Description: 

In a difficult situation animal person asks for advice his tail, anus or some beings that are inside him (excrements, parasites, his "sisters", etc.)




Motif

k27n3a


Name_eng: 
Task-giver is the Sun, Moon, Thunder, or Wind
Description: 

Person who gives difficult tasks to the hero is associated with the Sun, Moon, Thunder, or Wind (Cloud, Rain)




Motif

m29b2


Name_eng: 
The bear is a failure/enemy
Description: 

Because of its stupidity or unsocial behavior, the bear suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

a39a


Name_eng: 
Twelve months
Description: 

Each of calender units (usually the months) that make the year is a separate object or person




Motif

c34


Name_eng: 
The deluge because of a wounded creature
Description: 

Killing (injuring, offending) of some cruature (usually related to water) triggers deluge




Motif

h12c


Name_eng: 
Orpheus: to return the dead wife
Description: 

Husband follows his dead wife to the other world but is unable to bring her back or succeeds to do it but loses her once again




Motif

k8c5


Name_eng: 
Bear dies after swallowing mouse
Description: 

Animal person (mammal, bird, fish) of a small size (less than a fox) gets inside the bear and kills him from the inside (usually eat his meat)




Motif

l1b1


Name_eng: 
Demonic woman and her brothers
Description: 

A woman gets into conflict with her brothers and turns into dangerous demon




Motif

f35a


Name_eng: 
Feeding with the kin’s meat
Description: 

Person does not know that he or she eats or cooks the meat of the member of his or her household (blood relation, more rare a spouse or servant) or serves it to his or her friends, or uses her or his bones for everyday needs, or slowly kills him ort her




Motif

l15a1


Name_eng: 
Achilles' heel
Description: 

Vulnerable place on the body of a person or creature is on his or her foot (toe, heel, sole, ankle)




Motif

a2


Name_eng: 
Several suns
Description: 

In a certain time in the past three or more suns were on the sky simultaneously




Motif

a37


Name_eng: 
The Sun is attacked with weapons
Description: 

Person intentionally and with special equipment (usually shooting arrows) attacks the Sun (or several suns if they were many)




Motif

a2c2


Name_eng: 
The extra moons
Description: 

The catastrophy that is dangerous for the earth is related to the simultaneous appearance of not only several suns but also several moons




Motif

m11


Name_eng: 
The unclean food
Description: 

Person feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food




Motif

h54b


Name_eng: 
The glance of death
Description: 

Person’s glance brings death (and destruction)




Motif

j1


Name_eng: 
The vengeful heroes
Description: 

Persons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they




Motif

k136a1


Name_eng: 
Youth’s hair picked up from a river
Description: 

A woman finds the youth’s hair that was carried by water and decides to marry its owner





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Pima
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Pomo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Western Apache (White Mountain, San Carlos)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Navajo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kalapuya
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kond (Khond, Kondh; language is Kui, incl Kuttia, Konda-Dora), Koya; Pengo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Micmac

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Thompson (Nlaka'pamux)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Western Sahaptin (Upper Cowlitz, Klikitat, Tenino, Umatilla, Yakima, Wallawalla)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Okanagon, Sanpoil
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Oregon Athabaskans: Lower Umpqua, Tututni (incl Joshua), Upper Coquille, Galice, Tolowa
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Shuswap
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis, (Lower) Cowlitz
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Karok
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Bella Coola (Nuxalk)