Laks



Tradition title rus: 
Лаки
Areal ID: 
5.1.7.4
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
194.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
50.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a12Eclipses: monster’s attackSome creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light
a14aThe conflict between the Sun and the MoonThe Sun and the Moon are or were enemies, either permanently or in particular situations
a16Dangers along the Sun’s wayEvery night the Sun passes by creatures or objects which try to destroy them
a31The incestuous Moon As a result of some intimate contacts and/or love affair, the Moon acquires its present appearance (often, the stains on his face) and/or ascends to the sky
a35Spots on the lunar discDark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure
a35aDirty face of the MoonSpots on the lunar disc are dirt thrown into the Moon's face by his/her sister/brother or mother
a4Female sunThe Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female
a7The sun pursues the moonThe Sun and the Moon are two persons one of which is pursuing another in the sky or pursued him or her when they were rising to the sky from the earth
b33Mother of windFemale person is incarnation of wind, mother of winds, etc.
b33aPerson dies of cold in the springWhen it becomes warm, a person or animal (bird) decides that the winter is over (most often an old woman goes to graze her animals) but dies of cold or the animals that had been deiven to the pasture die
b33dThe old woman of winterOld woman is incarnation of winter, is associated with snow, or there are several cold days between winter and spring (or fall) associated with a certain old woman
b46cBig Dipper is seven persons or animalsEvery main star of the Big Dipper is interpreted as a particular person or animal
b50Whose blood is sweeter?An insect feeds on human blood (flesh). Dangerous person asks it where it had sucked blood or whose blood (flesh) is the most delicious. Usually the insect lies or cannot answer (its tongue is cut off) and thanks to this dangerous person attacks certain plants or animals and not people
b51aThe snake is an enemy of the swallowThe snake is an enemy of the swallow (usually because swallow does not let snake to destroy people; the snake sends mosquito or other bloodsucking insect to get know whose blood is the most delicious; the insect flies back to report that human blood is the sweetest; swallow bites its tongue off and the snake gets to pull off feathers from the swallow's tail)
c30aA pound of fleshA contract entitles the lender of a sum of money to cut a certain amount of flesh (or eye, head, limb, etc.) from the debtor’s body if the load is not repaid in time. The lender cannot cut out the flesh being unable to fulfill a condition that looks logical but is practically absurd
c33aThe restored chainDuring a year somebody tries to break, to make thinner a chain or rope with which the person himself or somebody else is tied. In a certain day when the chain is almost broken it is restored or a post to which the person is tied sinks into the ground again
e11The burned skinMagic person reveals his true nature and/or remains with the real people after the object responsible for preserving the non-human appearance (usually an animal skin) is destroyed (usually burned)
e8cWoman hides in a chipA woman hides in a chip of wood (in a twig) that was brought to house and comes out when nobody is nearby
e9hDove-wifeA man marries dove-woman
f62Incognito at the feastAn (ostensibly) sick (ugly, weak, poorly clad) person remains at home when others go to the feast. The person comes by himself or herself looking like a handsome man or beautiful girl. The man (woman) does not recognize him (her) and feels against her (him) sexual interestю (All texts with motif k57, Chinderella, are also included into f62)
g24Food from the skyFirst seeds (sprouts, tubors) of cultivated plants or of important edible wild plants are brought from the sky (received from the sky-dwellers)
g25Cereals spilled over the earthSeeds of cereals have been spilled over the earth, now people cultivate them
h16aRivers of bloodRivers (lakes) of blood (also of puss, bones, sweat or water used for washing of corpses) are mentioned in narratives (in different context)
i100cThe Pleiades and a cuckooGod transformed man into a cuckoo, his wife and children into the Pleiades
i100dStars and kidsThe Pleiades or stars in general are associated with kids or lambs
i120CornucopiaFood and clothes are extracted from the horn of a cow or goat
i120bExtracting values from animal’s earPerson takes from the ear of an animal (usually a horse or a cow) food, clothes and other valuables
i128Ursa major is a dipperUrsa major is a dipper, a ladle
i25The bribed guardsWay to the place of a certain person is guided by dangerous creatures (which often stand on the both sides of the pathway). Person placates them by gifts or nice talk, and they let him or her go the both ways, sometimes being punished for this by their master
i25aBones to cowsPerson sees that food put for certain animals is inedible for them and corrects situation (usually gives to herbivorous animals food that was given before to predators and vice versa)
i25cTo name bloody river the river of vineOn her or his way to the destination, person (on his or her way back) names dangerous or repulsive objects and beings beautiful and nice, thus securing their loyalty
i4Thunder rides in the skyThunder is heard when a vehicle moves in the sky
i87Skull as a cavePersonages use a shelter which proves to be an object related to the world of the giants (a skull, a shoulder-blade, a mitten)
i87aSeries of creatures ever greater in sizePersonage of gigantic dimensions in respect to normal humans and animals proves to be tiny dwarf in respect to another personage
i87adHidden in a hollow toothA giant hides the pursued man in his moith – usually (or always) in a hollow tooth; or a man survives after getting into the giant's mouth hiding himself in a hollow tooth
i87bThe quest for a strong adversaryA man seeks a strong adversary to wrestle with and comes across person who is incomparably stronger than he
i94The Pleiades are openingsThe Pleiades are holes in the firmament
i95The Pleiades are a sieve for grainThe Pleiades are a sieve to process agricultural products
j32To identify the night thiefSome valuables (foals, hay, apples, etc.) are regularly stolen. Nobody (the elder brothers) is able to catch the thief and only the hero (the younger brother) finds who it is
j32a1The night wreckers are horsesEvery night somebody tramples down the grain field, steals hay, etc. The hero discovers that horses do it
j42Waters split apartWhen person comes to the water body, waters are split apart so the person reaches the other bank walking on the dry ground
j44The broken bridgePerson or his helper draws his enemies on the unstable bridge and destroys it. The enemies fall into water, into a precipice
j46Enemy drownsAntagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body
k103Helpful cowCow (ox, bull) helps an orphan child or a young woman who got into trouble
k103dTo enter an ear of the horse, to take something from an ear of the cowAn animal (a demonic being) asks the hero or heroine to take objects necessary for him (her) from its ear or to enter its ear to make himself or herself handsome, to sleep. etc.
k107aIron shoes to be worn outWandering to the purpose of her or his travel person has to worn out her or his iron shoes or staff
k115Person saved thanks to the spider webA man escapes from his (her, theirs) pursuers and hides in a cave. A spider spins its web over the hiding place. When the pursuers see the spider web they think the cave is unoccupied and do not enter it
k118The prohibited roomMaster of the house allows person to feel himself (herself) free bit not to look into particular place. The person breaks prohibition
k119Animal helper marries a poor boy to a princessTo make a poor man rich (usually to marry him to a rich girl or to marry a poor girl to a prince), an animal makes other people believe that the groom is rich already. The man becomes prosperous indeed
k119eA success story of a miller A poor boy whom his animal helper has made rich passing him off as a rich man at the king’s court, is a miller or son of a miller
k12Woman is lost and returnedBy trick or by force, a rival or adversary kidnaps hero's wife or bride. The man gets her back
k120a3Jewelry in a nutPerson gets a nut with valuables inside (precious clothes, jewelry, animal helpers, etc.) or he or she himself or herself puts valuable into a nut to use them later
k135Seven with one strokeA weak and timid man or boy overcomes accidentally powerful enemies and gets high esteem
k141Three injurious fairiesSupernatural women make harm to people. Hero overcomes them and usually marries them
k142Corpse buried many timesPerson kills several people. asks somebody to bury only one and then tells that the dead man has returned. The grave-digger buries several people but believes that it was one and the same corpse
k176A man in search of the womanA (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife
k1fConflict because of a womanA man maroons another because of jealousy or because he plans to take hold of his wife
k2The destroyed ladderHero climbs up (e.g. to a tree) or down (e.g. into a deep cave) by ladder, rope, from branch to branch, etc. The rope etc. breaks or is intentionally destroyed and the hero cannot return to the ground. (All cases of motif K2A, besides the Koreans, also contain motif K2)
k25Magic wifeA man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)Competitions and difficult tasksPerson is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life
k27eEating or drinking contestPerson or animal must eat (drink) enormous quantity of food (beverage) or eat or drink poisonous beverage or food
k27nDifficult tasks of the in-lawsA man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage
k27n1Task-giver is a king or a chiefPerson who gives difficult tasks to the hero and/or person who demands the fulfillment of certain conditions from those who want to marry his daughter is a prominent figure in social hierarchy. He is a head of the socio-political unit of community or super-community level and is neither a member of the hero’s household nor a mythical being
k27sContest: a raceContest: a race
k27ssTo win a race with an (old) womanA strong man has to race with a woman (often with an old woman). He cannot surpass her or does it with much difficulty
k27x4Climb a tree with a full glass in handPerson must climb a tree (pole, rock) with a full open vessel in hand and not a drop should be spilled
k27z2a2Unrecognized wife visits her husbandA man marries a woman but abandons her without consummating his marriage. She visits him in disguise and ultimately he gets to know who was his beautiful companion. Usually the wife gives birth to his son (three sons) and upon seeing the boy, the man realizes that it is his own child
k29aSurviving in a fireHero demonstrates his supernatural abilities remaining alive in a burning hot chamber, stove, bonfire, among burning vegetation
k2a3Hero marooned on a mountainTo maroon hero on a mountain, his companions destroy the rope or chain by which he climbed there or which he let down from there
k32The false wifeAn ugly, old, lazy, etc. woman or (in Chaco) a male trickster comes to man under disguise of his wife or bride who is driven out, confined to the underworld, killed, etc.
k32gPunishment: torn apart by horsesTo punish an antagonist, he or she is tied to a horse (camel, bull) and dragged or he or she is torn apart (usually by horses)
k32lHorses handed out among people to feed themThe king hands his horses (cows) among people to feed them. Only the heroine returns her horse well fed
k33a7The widower, his daughter or son and their teacherAfter the death of her or his mother, a girl or a boy suggests her or his father to marry another woman who is her or his teacher, neighbor etc. and who usually persuaded the girl (boy) to give such an advice. As soon as she is married, the step-mother becomes to persecute her step-daughter (stem-son)
k33a8The heroine is transformed into a doveThe heroine’s rival transforms her into a dove. The dove makes attempts to contact her children or husband
k33dPeau d'asneA man discovers that a beautiful girl hides herself under a guise of an ugly and dirty servant, under a skin of an animal or in an object that is brought into his house
k35cOgre in a wellAn ogre (a dragon, king of the sea) has not killed a man who descended to him as other people had thought but rewarded because the greeted him and/or gave a correct answer to his question
k35c1The best is one whom you loveA mighty person asks a man which of two women is prettier, what is the most beautiful thing, and the like. Giving a correct answer, the man is not killed like those who were before him but receives a reward
k38f4Fire-breathing monsterFrom the mouth of a monstrous creature or person who is the enemy of the hero fire is coming out; its breath is fire
k56The kind and the unkind girlsOne of (step)sisters, co-spouses or young female neighbors meets a being that is able to reward and to punish. She behaves herself properly and is rewarded. Another (other) girl comes to the same being but behaves in a wrong way and is punished (not rewarded).
k56a2If asked to do in a bad way, do otherwisePerson (usually a girl) gets to the powerful person (usually an old woman) who asks her to act in a strange and harsh way (to put room in disorder, to bring unclean water, and the like). The person does not according to order but in a rationale and polite way and is recompensed. Another person acts according to the direct sense of the words and is punished
k56a4bYarn is gone with a windA girl is told to clean (to spin) yarn (to weave, etc.). The yarn (spindle, a piece of fabric, etc.) is carried away by the wind. In search of it the girl comes to a person who makes her beautiful (gives precious gifts and the like)
k56bThe worthy man is rewarded, the unworthy punishedFirst one, then another man meets a powerful person or persons. The first man is worthy and rewarded with treasure, prestige or the like. The second man (or two men) follows him, behaves in a wrong way and is punished
k57CinderellaA girl who conceals her beauty and/or is poor and oppressed by her stepmother puts on a splendid attire and comes incognito to a feast where a man of high status falls in love with her. He marries her after identifying her by an object given to her or lost by her or (rare) seeing how she changes her clothes
k57cA ring in the piePrince putы his ring on the beauty’s finger but does not know that she is the same girl who works in his kitchen. She plants the ring in a dish of food prepared for the prince and he recognizes it
k61eReward for making a supernatural laughWhen a powerful (supernatural) person gets to see a ridiculous situation, he or she laughs (and thus is cured from his disease). People involved into the situation are rewarded (saved from a danger)
k66Extraordinary companionsSeveral companions have extraordinary abilities (one who runs fast, one who eats great quantities, one who produces or can withstand severe frost, etc.); a hero comes across and takes for companions several men, each of them being involved into a special and unusual activity
k66Extraordinary companionsSeveral companions have extraordinary abilities (one who runs fast, one who eats great quantities, one who produces or can withstand severe frost, etc.); a hero comes across and takes for companions several men, each of them being involved into a special and unusual activity
k67aA drowned wifeA man who has a low social position is a nuisance for persons of high position. He gets to know that they plan to drown him or his preperty (rare: to strangle him) and tricks them to drown instead one of them or their own property
k67bBargain not to become angryPerson of a low social position (a man) makes an agreement with a person of high social position (an ogre) that the master must never become angry with the servant. The servant abuses the master until the latter erupts in anger and has to be severely punished or to pay a great fee
k67cSkin ribbon ripped off from the backPerson agrees that under certain conditions another may rip off some skin from his back or cut off his ears, nose, etc.
k67dFlight of the master with his goods in the bagA master (ogre, devil, wife) tries to get away from his farmhand (her husband). The farmhand hides in the master’s bag (chest) so that the master unwittingly takes him along
k72Three maidensPowerful person listens in conversation of three (rare: two or four) women. Each of them tells what she would do if the person marries her. One promises to bear his son (children) who would have wonderful qualities, two others promise to practice some kind of work or (more rare) marry people of lower status
k73Children of the youngest wifeA young woman promises to bear a wonderful children (wonderful son). In her husband's absence other people (co-wives, mother-in-law, etc.) try to kill the mother and/or the child, usually slandering the young woman
k73aBaby child substituted with object or animalHostile women substitute baby of the newly made mother with an animal or an object (inform the baby’s father that his wife has given birth to an animal or an object)
k73a4Baby child substituted with a pupHostile women substitute baby of the newly made mother with a pup (inform the baby’s father that his wife has given birth to a pup)
k73a8The wonderful children: brother and sisterWoman gives birth to wonderful boy and girl. Being substituted with animals or objects and thrown away, they survive and triumph over their enemies
k80Repetitive reincarnationPerson (usually a young woman) turns into different objects or creatures which another person destroys one by one. However, the person is reincarnated again and again and ultimately acquires her or his original form
k88The two travellers (Truth and Falsehood)Two men travel or argue about whether truth or falsehood (justice or injustice, etc.) is more powerful. The evil one abandons the good one robbing or blinding (maiming) him but the good one gets back his sight and becomes rich. The evil one usually perishes
k88aThe blinded brideWicked stepmother (aunt, a rival) blinds a young woman. The heroine returns her eyes (often gets them back in exchange for some values)
k88bFood exchanged for eyesA companion promises to share water or food with a thirsty or hungry person on condition that he or she allows to blind him or her
k88cThe dog’s blood is a medicine for princessPerson gets to know that the blood (brain, etc.) of a dog who guards sheep nearby can cure the sick princess (prince). He applies this medicine and is rewarded
k92King LearA man puts his children questions that seem easy to answer (how they love him, who is the elder in the family, etc.). The elder children flatter, the youngest daughter (rare: son) is reserved and her father drives her away or deprives of inheritance. Later her noble nature becomes evident to him
k92aThe princess responsible for her own fortuneA girl driven away from home or married to a poor man become prosperous
k92bLove like saltA girl answers her father (rare: brother) that she loves him like she loves salt (or that salt is the most valuable, etc.). He becomes angry (usually drives her away) but later satisfies himself that she was right
k93b2Conception from eaten fruitAfter eating a fruit (usually an apple, in Northern traditions also an egg), the sterile woman gives birth to a son or twins
k96Fifty sonsMany brothers marry or have to marry in such a way that all their wives are (were) sisters
l100dThe entrapped suitorsA pretty, faithful wife is courted by one or several men, one of them usually a clergyman. With her husband’s consent, she invites the suitor(s) to a private rendezvous. Before the first man’s wishes are gratified, the next one arrives and then the husband himself. The suitor or suitors are caught in an uncomfortable position and then killed, punished in some other manner, ridiculed, made to pay ransom, to work, etc.
l100eThe lover, the husband and the guestBefore coming in, a guest gets to notice that the housewife is with her lover. When the husband comes home, the guest pretends to possess magic object or the like that helps him to reveal where the good food and the lover are hidden
l100gThe goose with one legThe servant is asked to prepare a goose (chicken, etc.), eats one leg and maintains that the goose had only one leg enforcing his point by showing geese who stand on one leg. The master shoots away the geese so that they use both legs. Usually the servant replies that if he had frightened the roasted goose, it would have showed its second leg as well
l106b Journey to the other world in search of the lost objectIn search of a lost object, usually carried away by water or wind, a girl or (rare) a boy comes to a powerful person, gets the object back and/or is rewarded. The object is related to the everyday life, it has no ritual significance and is not a weapon
l19bBeings with odd number of headsBeing (any besides birds) with more than ten heads or with odd (but more than one) number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. If beings with ever more number of heads are named, the row ends with a being that has odd (or more than ten) number of heads
l19b1The seven-headed monsterОписывается или изображается чудовище (обычно змей) о семи головах. При перечисления существ по мере возрастания у них числа голов ряд заканчивается на семи
l37bSecrets accidentally overheardPerson accidentally overhears secrets of animals or demons and thus gets to know the causes of his and other people's misfortunes
l37b4The magic medicine is in the body of a dogOverhearing conversation of animals or ghosts, person gets to know that the meat (brain, blood) of a dog of a nearby shepherd has magic effect
l39Hero is compelled to descend from a treeWhen a person climbs a tree, a demon comes to it and carries the person away, or the person follows the demon to his world by his own will
l42Hero carried to ogre’s homeAn ogre or ogress catches a person and brings him to his or her home where he or she plans to cook and eat him. The hero escapes
l72The obstacle flightRunning away from a dangerous being, person throws small objects behind him or her which turn into mighty obstacles on the way of the pursuer
l73Ogre tries to drink a river dry and burstsThe antagonist tries to drink a river or sea and bursts
l9Sharp body membersBody members of a person has the form of cutting or piercing weapon
l90Mouth from the earth to the skyMonster's upper lip (fang, horn, etc.) touches the sky, lower touches the ground
l90cHorns reaching the sky and the earthAn animal (deer, ram, goat, bull, cow or wolverine) has the horns, one of which touches the ground, and the other one rises to the sky or reaches the heaven
l93aHelpful foxCunning fox, jackal or coyote saves particular person or many people, helps them
l9cSharp breastPerson has a sharp axe-like protrusion on his breast
m112Animals dig a wellAn animal person refuses to dig or clean a source of drinking water together with other animals or birds but takes advantage of the results of the work
m113For certain bird water is tabooDuring the hottest month of the summer or permanently birds of certain species are prohibited to drink from the water bodies. Usually they can quench their thirst only from rain drops and dew on leaves and cry calling for rain
m114b1What is the fattest, sweetest, swiftest?Answering to a question what is the fatties, sweetest, swiftest, etc., the clever person names abstract notions and non-material values (and a fool names particular objects or creatures)
m114d1The boiled eggs: chicken should hatch tomorrowPerson wants another to receive chickens from (boiled) eggs (and grow a hen) during one day. The opponent suggests equally impossible task
m114eTo tether a horse to the summerA girl asks a man who arrived by horse to tether it to the summer or to the winter, i.e. to a sleigh or to a cart
m135aThe wolf's reversesWolf (more rare other predator animal) comes to different (more than two species) domestic animals (animals and people) to eat them but agrees to fulfill their requests and remains without his meal and usually becomes beaten (killed)
m146The fox gets bait from trap by luring wolf into itAn animal knows that food is in a trap or poisoned and tricks another to take it
m153Letter on the hoofThe wolf (lion, etc.) is going to eat a horse (mule, etc.). The horse asks him to look at his hoof (for different reasons) or eat him from his hindquarters forward; then he kicks him
m153aThe washed pigThe predator wants to eat a person or animal; the victim asks for a favor to let him first wash himself and escapes
m154The animal language and the stubborn wifeA man obtains knowledge of animal languages but if he reveals the secret, he must die. Once he hears animals talking and laughs. His wife thinks that he laughs at her or at her mother. The man is ready to open his secret and either does it and dies or hears how animals (usually a cock) blame him for being so foolish. So he keeps his secret.
m154aA donkey induces overworked ox to feign sicknessOne of domestic animals (usually the donkey) induces another who is overworked to feign sickness. When the next day he must do the work of the “sick” one, he tells that the master has decided to slaughter the one who is unable to work and persuades him to stop being ill
m156The ungrateful one returned to captivityAn (animal) person saves a dangerous animal from a snare or the like. The saved one is going to kill his savior but the third person saves the second (usually tricks the first one to captivity again)
m157The impossible giving birthPerson claims that a man or a male animal had given birth (or is menstruating) or that a female gave birth to a young of another species or that a woman gave birth to an animal
m157a1Father is giving birthPerson proves the absurdity of the claims of another person saying that his or her father (or other man or a male animal) had given or is giving birth or is menstruating
m157a2Bull or cart gives birthPerson claims that a calf (colt, kid, etc.) was born (brought to the place) not by the cow (mare, etc.) of another person but by his own male animal (bull, stallion, etc.), his own animal of another species or by inanimate object (usually a cart)
m157a3To milk a bullPerson demands from the other to bring him an offspring or milk of a male animal
m157bTo take the one thing she holds dearestHusband casts his wife out but allows her to take the one thing she holds dearest. She takes her sleeping or drunk husband with her and thus moves him to forgive her
m159The lion’s shareThe strongest predator (usually a lion) suggests one of his companions to shares the booty. He is not satisfied by results and beats the companion. When another companion becomes to divide, he gives everything to the strongest one and explains that the injured one taught him the right way of sharing
m163The precious catPerson gets to a country where rats or mice are a plague and receives a fortune selling a cat
m168More cowardly than the hareThe hare is in despair because he is afraid of all creatures but is delighted when he sees other animals (sheep, frogs, dusks) being afraid of him
m169Medicine for the sick lionIn the presence of powerful person one of his subjects is plotting against the other. The other answers that the problem can be resolved if the first one would be maimed (usually a part of his body used as a medicine). The schemer is killed or injured
m170Pilgrimage of the animalsAn animal person pretends to have no other interests than to fulfill religious rules and prescriptions (to confess his sins, to make a pilgrimage, to become vegetarian, etc.) and kills those who have believed him
m188The painted jackal Animal person is highly respected by others after he changes his looks by chance; is smeared with a paint or gets a necklace-like object around his neck which he is unable to pull off
m191Cat and wild animalsThe fox (dog, squirrel) lives with the cat and poses him as a strong and dangerous animal. The wild predator animals are scared and bring him meat
m191bIngratitude and injury are hard to forgetA man feeds a snake (rare: a fish; does not do it any harm) and the snake makes him rich (is friendly). His son (rare: someone else or the man himself) injures the snake (kills its young) and dies (if son; because of the bite). The snake refuses to keep former friendship with the man: both of them remember the inflicted pain
m197aThe pot has a child and diesA borrower returns a cattle (pot) together with a small one, claiming that the cattle gave birth to a child. He borrows the pot again but does not return it, claiming that the pot dies
m198bThe pretended astrologerA person who has not a bit of a skill to expose thieves and find the lost objects does it successfully thanks to a series of lucky coincidences
m198b2Grasshopper by name, the astrologerA king (landlord, etc.) suggests to guess what he has in his hand (in a box). It is an insect there (usually a grasshopper). The man says that now you, Grasshopper, is caught. People think that he gave the correct answer
m199Squeezing the (supposed) stoneA man or a weak animal and an ogre (giant, devil) have a contest to see which of them can squeeze a stone. The man squeezes a cheese (egg, turnip) and thus intimidates the ogre
m21A protector hides fugitivesThe protagonist pursued by an enemy comes across a person, an animal or an object to help him and receives help
m27Coming back from the skyA tree or a chain of reeds by which people have ascended to the sky is destroyed. On their way back they fall to the ground. Some of them remain in the sky for ever or longer than others
m29bTrickster-fox, jackal or coyoteIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote
m29b1The wolf is a failureBecause of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the wolf suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m29b2The bear is a failure/enemyBecause of its stupidity or unsocial behavior, the bear suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m29b3The fox (jackal, coyote) is a failureBecause of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the fox, jackal or coyote suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m29zThe BeardlessPerson named as the Beardless (Kusa, Kesa, Kose, Kysa, Kusu, etc.) acts in narratives
m29z1The Bald-headedA bald person acts in narratives (thence his usual name: Taz, Tazchi, Kal, Keloglan, Kechal etc.)
m38dAnimated objects perish one after anotherTwo or several animated objects or small animals and live or travel together and perish one after another when they make the most simple acts
m38d2The bean, the straw and the coalSeveral (usually three) small animated objects travel but fail to cross a river (usually perish attempting to cross it)
m38d3Clod of earth melts awayAn animated object who is a clod of earth (flour, salt) melts away when he gets wet under the rain or going to fetch water
m38d6Bursting from laughSeveral characters who are the embodiments of small objects die one after another. The last of them laughs so much that he bursts (breaks his head, etc.)
m39a1Misunderstood instructions: a step behindFool follows instructions that were reasonable in every previous episode but become absurd in every next one
m39a2Fool puts a needle into the hayFool puts a small sharp object (needle, pin, nail) in a place when it is impossible later to find it (a cart-load of hay, a bag of flour. etc.)
m39a4Fool and his shadowFool takes his own shadow for a person who pursues him and gives it his possessions
m39a4Fool and his shadowFool takes his own shadow for a person who pursues him and gives it his possessions
m39a4bFool’s customers are frogsA fool (woman or man) throws valuables into the water believing that will be useful for frogs
m39a4hThe lost camel of the kingA smart man (using a naive person) gets to acquire treasure that was on the back of a lost camel
m39a5aThe sausage rainBecause telling the truth a stupid son (wife, husband)) can bring misfortune upon the family, his mother (wife; her husband) mystifies him (her) making him or her describe events that are definitely impossible. People take him (her) for a fool and let alone.
m39a6fTo sell a sheep and to bring the sheep and the moneyFather tells his son to sell a sheep (goat) and to bring back both the sheep and the money. Usually a girl teaches the boy to sell the wool
m39dSeries of clever unjust decisionsIn succession and unintentionally a man causes a series of accedents. The injured parties bring him before a judge. In each case the judge makes decisions that are formally logical but patently unacceptable and saves the man
m57aBeads discharged from the bodyInstead of common body discharges a man or a woman urinates, spits, etc. beads, flowers, gold and other valuables; valuables are produced by the very presence of particular person
m57a1Flowers blossom where she puts her feet Where the beautiful woman steps, treasure appears, flowers blossom, etc.
m57a3Female person is the producer of valuablesInstead of common body discharges a a woman urinates, spits, etc. beads, flowers, gold and other valuables; valuables are produced by the very presence of particular female person. See motif m57a
m57cGold producing animalAn animal (ass, cow, horse, goat, bear, leopard) extracts gold or food from its body or person makes others believe that it is so
m57dBeat, cudgel!Person gets one by one magic objects that bring food or treasure. Other people replace them with common objects or take them away by force. The person takes his property back (usually beating the thieves with magic cudgel or whip)
m57d3Wind grants a wishWind person grants a wish to a man
m78bToo many childrenA woman who is eager to have a child gives birth to a great number of tiny boys. She or her husband kill them or throw them away but one remains and helps his parents
m83Who is older?Somebody claims that he has been born before present world came into being. His opponent claims the same, and they argue who of them is the older
m83bWhose dream is better?Two (or more) (animal)-persons agree that whichever of them has the most wonderful dream may eat all the food. The first one tells about a feast that he participated in his dream. His companion answers that he was sure that after such a feast (after getting into the paradise, etc.) the first one would not need the food, so he has eaten it alone
m84Revived from bonesPerson, animal, fish or (rare) a fruit is eaten up and then revived, usually after all bones (all seeds) being put together
m84aGoat resuscitatedSupernatural beings kill and eat an animal and then put all the bones together (in the animal's skin). After the feast the animal becomes whole (and usually revives)
m85The fox bluffsAn animal person (usually a fox or a jackal) threatens to cut down a tree on which mother bird (squirrel) made its nest unless she will throw down one of her nestlings (squirrel children) or eggs. Another bird lets the mother bird know that the predator is unable to realize his threat
m90a5The golden applesGolden fruits (in rare cases only leaves) of a certain tree are mentioned in tail. Usually these are golden apples
n10The transparent bodyA woman (rare: a man) with transparent body is described. This transparence is an evidence of the beauty
n10bThe transparent neckA girl (rare: a youth) with transparent neck is described, food or drinks swallowed by her or him are seen. Such a neck is an evidence of the beauty
n14Storyteller on the weddingClosing formula of the folktale: the teller represents himself as being present at the wedding and/or feast, which were organized by characters of the tale
n18Gifts are taken awayClosing formula of the folktale: the teller received food, drinks, money or other real-world objects from characters of the tale, but lost them because of a meeting with dogs or people (robbers, youths, children or his neighbor)
n20They attained their desiresClosing formula of the folktale: the teller says that the characters attained their desires, goals and/or happiness or that God satisfied their desires
n23They stayed there, and I came hereClosing formula of the folktale: the teller says that the characters stayed there (i.e. at the place where the action happened) or were left there by him, and that he returned home and/or came here (i.e. to the place of the performance)
n28bLadder to the skyIn a list of things that do not exist in the world, a ladder or stairway to the sky (variant: a ladder in the sky) is mentioned
n28dLid for the seaIn a list of things that do not exist in the world, a lid or covering for the sea, ocean or river are mentioned


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Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
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