Lima dep: Costa and adjacent Sierra (Spanish, Kechua, and Jacaru-speaking communities, mostly in Pachacamac, Cajatambo, Canta, Huarochirí; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)



Tradition title rus: 
Центральное побережье Перу с прилегающим горным районом к западу от водораздела в департаменте Лима (Кахатамбо, Канта, Уарочири); испано-, кечуа- и хакаруязычные группы, в частности яуйо; сообщения источников XVI-XVII вв
Areal ID: 
14.4.2.3
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
70.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
36.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a20Childhood and youth of the Sun and MoonThe Sun and the Moon (rare: the Sun and a star, the Moon and a star) are two siblings who live on earth and then ascend to the sky being still young persons
a3Male sun and female moonThe Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male
a34The fox and the MoonJackal, coyote, or fox are connected with the Moon (usually with the origin of spots on the lunar disc)
b12Rivers and snakesThe river bed follows the way of a snake, fish, dragon or crab; pieces of the snake’s body turn into rivers; a river is a snake
b15River from woman’s bodyA river flows from the body of a female person
b28Travelling transformerThe transformer walks along coming across different persons and creatures, transforming them into birds, animals, stones, shrines, etc. (or transforming monstrous animals into present day ones) and introducing cultural norms, landscape features, etc.
b2aThe female earthThe earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman
b49Muddled requestAnimals of particular species do not hear well the instructions concerning their way of life or the ask God for some benefit but muddle their request. Thanks to this they acquire their present habits. (In the Toraja tale the motif is used to explain the mortal nature of human beings)
b7bWaters from broken potSea, river, waters of flood flow out of a small receptacle
c10The flood: the wet tailsDuring the flood birds or animals escape to some place (mountain, tree, boat, sky). Tips of their tails or other body parts get covered with water or foam and acquire their present color and form
c13The objects’ revoltDuring or before the world cataclysm (deluge, darkness) or (Suruí) in particular place at night, household objects and/or stones, trees, domestic animals turn into wild beasts and monsters
c14Monsters destroy peopleDuring or before the world catastrophe (deluge, darkness) wild beasts and monsters attack and destroy people
c2Deluge and conflagration combinedInhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water
c5bAnimal-scoutsDuring the creation of the world or after the world cataclysm animals run around making the earth big, reporting about its condition or they are sent to report the size of the growing earth
e27People from drops of bloodPeople emerge from drops of blood that fall from the sky
e33People from seedsPeople emerge from grains, seeds
e5cPeople from the skyThe first people or first anthropomorphic divine beings descend to earth from the sky.
g1A kidnapped childValuables (earth, soil, sun, crops, fire, sacred knowledge, hunting luck) are got or returned when son or daughter is stolen from his or her parent
g23Alive being turns into many objectsPerson or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)
g23aAlive being turns into plantsPerson or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different plants, mostly edible or cultivated
h20Fish disperse in the worldAll the fish or (rare) shellfish) was concentrated in one place. Certain person lets it lose or puts it into the rivers or sea
h20aMistress of fish loses itA woman (a girl, several women) keeps all the fish for herself. Man comes and lets fish escape into rivers or sea.
h24Container opened too earlyContainer with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear
i134Long neck on the Milky WayFigure of a long-necked creature (llama or nandu) is seen along the axes of the Milkt Way
i5bThunderous felineFlying feline produces rains and thunderstorms
i62Milky Way is a riverMilky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim
i72Stars are peopleStars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)
i8gAtlasOne giant supports the earth or the sky
j1The vengeful heroesPersons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they
j15Woman gets to dangerous creaturesWalking in search of her husband, boyfriend, kinsmen, shelter woman or girl gets to the house of dangerous creatures where she is injured or killed
j21Birth from eggsGods, first people or founders of the royal lineages are born from eggs
j22aTwo men from oneTwo men or a man and a woman appear from two halves of the cut in two anthropomorphic body or embryo; or another man appears from part of the body of the first one or from his body discharge
j30Parents’ remainsBefore the hero destroys the antagonists or escapes from them, he finds or receives the remains or possessions that belonged to the antagonists' victim
j47Pursuer falls from heightPerson ascends to the sky (rare: descends from the sky; ascends the cliff) by a rope, a ladder, etc. Another person tries to follow him or her but the rope (the ladder) is broken or severed
j4aRevenge for the death of the motherA woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death
j4bRevenge inside the familyChildren (son, sons, son and daughter) of the murdered woman or man revenge on persons who have marital or close kin relations with the victom
k10Fight with the monstrous birdMonstrous bird (giant bat) predates on humans. Heroes fight with it
k16To get access to a girl in guise of a bird or an animalDisguised as a bird, small animal or insect, a man penetrates into the place of a girl (into her father’s house)
k17The ornitomorphic suitorAn ornitomorphic hero impregnates a girl magically or imperceptibly for her
k18Infant picks out his unknown fatherA boy is born whose father or (rare) mother is unknown. He himself points at his parent who as a rule occupies the lowest social position. Usually many men (women) come together and everyone hopes that the boy points at him (her)
k18aaPregnancy because of the non-sexual contactA girl becomes pregnant without her knowledge thanks to the contact with body liquids of a male person or with objects touched by him (not because of the normal sexual contact, or a wish expressed by the father of her future child, or her mistical contact with a deity). The happy marriage of the girl with her child’s father follows
k27 (motif is not in the correlation table)Competitions and difficult tasksPerson is suggested to fulfill tasks that are mortally dangerous or cannot be fulfilled without supernatural helpers or capacities. The person fulfills the tasks and remains alive. A contest between persons has form of a competition or game in which the loser is deprived of his status or life
k27eEating or drinking contestPerson or animal must eat (drink) enormous quantity of food (beverage) or eat or drink poisonous beverage or food
k27nDifficult tasks of the in-lawsA man must fulfill difficult tasks (to win competition) to receive the permission for a marriage
k38eOf copper, of silver, of goldLoci or objects of three (rare – four) different materials are mentioned in such a way that all of them have positive connotations though unequal value (copper, silver and gold; silver, gold and diamonds, etc.)
k41Thunder against a serpent Thunder or giant bird fights against a reptile, big water animal or other big and strong creature who lives in water or under the earth
k46Woman throws herself into the oceanGiving way to a burst of horror or shame, woman or girl runs to the ocean, throws herself into the water or remains on the beach. Her husband or suitor pursues but cannot catch her
k58aWater in exchange for lovePerson makes water or fish available only if girl agrees to marry him and does not do it if the girl is unwilling
k75The youngest daughter is willing (The loathsome bridegroom)A girl (usually the youngest of several sisters) does not reject but marries a poor, sick, dirty, old, too young, non-human, etc. man who later demonstrates his supernatural qualities
l11Turtle-benchIn a non-human world objects of everyday life have appearance of animals and monsters, mainly fish, amphibians and reptiles
l18Multi-headed birdA bird with two or more heads on top of one body is described in tales or represented in art
l19aBeings with even number of headsBeings (any besides birds) with even but not more than ten number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. Beings that with even number of heads named in a row with other multi-headed beings and the highest number is even or bigger than ten are not considered
l33Rolling stoneStone chases people to crash them
l33bTrickster provokes a rockPerson suggests to another who looks like being unable to move (rock, stump, fire) a race competition or provokes this object to roll towards him. The competitor becomes to move, burns or crashes the person or runs away with his clothes
l33cRock crashes tricksterTrickster and rock agree to race down slope. The rock rolls with ever greater speed and crashes the trickster
l37c1Luck (good or bad) as a personGood or bad luck of a man are particular persons with whom the man meets
l70Fruit falls and killsPerson or animal is killed or injured with a heavy object dropped from a tree (or rock, etc.). The person or the animal knows that the objects will fall but has falls ideas about its character and weight
l73Ogre tries to drink a river dry and burstsThe antagonist tries to drink a river or sea and bursts
m11The unclean foodPerson feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food
m139The released birdsFox catches birds, puts them into a bag and goes away for a moment. Another animal-person opens the bag and puts thorns instead of the birds
m151aHolding up the rock(Animal) person pretends to hold up a rock, tree etc. and explains that otherwise it will fall
m21A protector hides fugitivesThe protagonist pursued by an enemy comes across a person, an animal or an object to help him and receives help
m25Banquet in the skyTo take part in a feast or to visit God or celestial object, person ascends to the sky. To return, he either uses a rope but falls before reaching ground or jumps (falls) down from the sky and is badly hurt, dead, and/or transformed
m29bTrickster-fox, jackal or coyoteIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote
m29b3The fox (jackal, coyote) is a failureBecause of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the fox, jackal or coyote suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m30Trickster falls downPerson or creature who has no wings or is unable to fly on a long distance attempts to ascend to the sky or to fly far away but falls down or, deprived of his wings, remains in a place from which he is unable to return
m35Cold enduring competitionTwo animal persons compete to see who could withstand cold all the night. At dawn one is dead
m5Provoked insultBeing in a situation when his life depends on a good will of a demon or animal, person either resists or does not resist the temptation to insult or to beat, bite, etc. the latter
m71Picked up piece of woodTrickster floats down the river or falls from the height and turns into a piece of wood or into a wooden object. Somebody picks it up. Eventually, the trickster acquires his real self, usually in the host's absence
m75Valuables taken off the vulturesPerson attracts and catches the carrion-eaters (usually some birds) and thanks to this obtains valuables retrieves valuables (fire, woman, animals, etc.)


Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Kechua-speaking communities of Apurimac, Cuzco, Arequipa, Puno departments; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries; Callawaya (Kechua with Pukina substratum)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Pasco, Junin, Huancavelica departments: Central Peru, Sierra (Kechua-speaking communities in Spanish sources XVI-XVII centuries)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Aimara
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Bribri, Cabecar, Térraba; Chiriqui (AD 800-1500) iconography
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Shuar, Achuar (Shiwiar)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Letuama, Tanimuca, Ufaina, Yahuna
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Northern Peru: Sierra (Kechua-speaking communities, Cajamarca, Ancash, Huanuco and San Martin departments; Chavin pre-Columbian iconography; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Paya (Pech), Sumu, Misquito
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Quiche, Achí, Cakchiquel, Pocomchi, Pocomam

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Kechua-speaking communities of Apurimac, Cuzco, Arequipa, Puno departments; Spanish sources of XVI-XVII centuries; Callawaya (Kechua with Pukina substratum)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Upper Chinook: Wasco, Wishram, Clackamas, Kathlamet
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Western Sahaptin (Upper Cowlitz, Klikitat, Tenino, Umatilla, Yakima, Wallawalla)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Pasco, Junin, Huancavelica departments: Central Peru, Sierra (Kechua-speaking communities in Spanish sources XVI-XVII centuries)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Aimara
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Northern and Southern Tehuelche
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis, (Lower) Cowlitz
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Micmac
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Northern Ojibwa (=Severn Ojibwa, Sandy Lake Cree, Northern Saulteaux)