Letuama, Tanimuca, Ufaina, Yahuna



Tradition title rus: 
Летуама, танимука, уфайна; яхуна
Areal ID: 
15.3.4.5
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
81.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
50.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a17The Sun’s relax at the middayAfter passing half of the its way across the sky (in the day time) or in the underworld (in the night time), the Sun stops to have a rest
a18The Sun boatDuring the day and/or the night (in the underworld, beyond the horizon etc.) the Sun and/or the Moon regularly travel in a boat.
a24aThe first day or night: transformed into spiritsAt the moment when the first day or the first night come, (some) people turn into supernatural beings
a31The incestuous Moon As a result of some intimate contacts and/or love affair, the Moon acquires its present appearance (often, the stains on his face) and/or ascends to the sky
a35Spots on the lunar discDark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure
a5The Sun and the Moon are malesThe Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual
b12Rivers and snakesThe river bed follows the way of a snake, fish, dragon or crab; pieces of the snake’s body turn into rivers; a river is a snake
b17Night in containerDarkness is a particular object that can be carried (usually brought from its original owner in a container)
b1gThe transformers: four brothers Four travelling brothers transform the world, annihilating monsters, changig the habits and appearance of different creatures and acquiring valuables (water, fire, cultivated plants and the like). Usually one of them is the main actor, and they often have one name for all the four
b2aThe female earthThe earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman
b3aPrimeval watersWater is the original element, the dry earth appears later
b3bEarth grows bigOriginal earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance
b54Chips turn into fishChips of wood, branches or pieces of bark thrown or fallen into the water turn into fish and/or aquatic animals
b55Leaves are fishFish grows on branches of a tree or leaves of a tree turn into fish
b9Water in the tree trunkThere is enormous amount of water inside a trunk of a tree or a tree turns into water
c10The flood: the wet tailsDuring the flood birds or animals escape to some place (mountain, tree, boat, sky). Tips of their tails or other body parts get covered with water or foam and acquire their present color and form
c14Monsters destroy peopleDuring or before the world catastrophe (deluge, darkness) wild beasts and monsters attack and destroy people
c2Deluge and conflagration combinedInhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water
c4The flood: fruits fall from a treeDuring the flood or in the beginning of times fruits, seeds or other objects are dropped into water one by one, usually by a person who has climbed a tree. As far as the objects fall, water recedes and the dry land appears
c4aThe flood: survival in a treeDuring the flood some persons survive in a tree
c5aBird-scoutsBirds or humans later changed to birds are sent to explore the earth (is it dry, are any survivals, to investigate why smoke rises to the sky, etc.) or to bring some soil to make the land that would be good for living
c7The flood: breaking the damIn the beginning of times or after the flood a dam of earth, person or creature does not let water to recede. The dam is broken or opened, waters withdraw
d13gMeet seen on teethWhen person laughs, people see his or her monstrous mouth (many teeth, human meat on teeth). They kill the monster or escape from it
d13i1Showing his teeth, person betrays himselfPerson’s (demonic) nature becomes clear when he or she laughs and shows his or her teeth
f1First woman is a transformed manWoman, female supernatural or animal females are created by changing the sex of a man (or male animals)
f26Origin of menses: sacred objects lostThe transition of sacred sound instruments (bull-roarers, big trumpets, etc.) from women to men is connected with beginning of menses among the women
f27Girls and the water spiritsFor girls and young women it is dangerous to come near water. Water creatures swallow them or drag away; a girl can die or become pregnant from a spirit; she can trigger a flood (rare: other cataclysm). Water spirits can come themselves to a girl who has her periods
f34bThe paramour is not a human beingA girl (a woman, a group of women) intentionally takes a penis-being, a snake, an eel, a lizard, a worm, a big water animal or water monster or a big terrestrial mammal for paramour. People kill or maim the paramour, the woman and/or her progeny or she is transformed herself into an animal. She is blamed for her behavior
f38Women and sacred knowledgeWomen were possessors of the sacred knowledge, sanctuaries or ritual objects which are now taboo for them or they made attempts to acquire such a knowledge or objects
f40bA man in a village of womenA man gets into the village of women. Usually he has to satisfy every woman against his will or every woman claims him for herself
f45The AmazonsThere are (or were) women who live apart from men in their own village or villages
f51The clandestine loverPerson who conceals his or her identity comes to his or her lover (at night). Next time, the lover puts a mark on the stranger's face, body or clothes doing this intentionally (to recognize him or her) or by chance (that leads to the identification)
f84Prolonged celibacy imitatedPerson has sex with the wife of his host or brother. Trying to conceal his deed, he puts ashes or juice of a fruit on his glans that has to prove his long celibacy
g10The hanging treeA tree which trunk is cut through do not fall because it is hold from above
g11Squirrel the woodcutterA squirrel plays crucial role in felling the gigantic tree
g28The fish treeTree contains fish in its trunk
g8Restored treeA deep notch in the tree (or in the sky support) is magically restored as soon as persons or creatures who cut or gnaw it stop working
g8cCutting tree to get valuables(Animal-)people try to fell a tree that contains water and fish or has cultivated plants on its branches. The notch disappears and the tree becomes intact
g8fChips destroyedA deep notch in the tree is magically restored when persons or creatures who cut it go away to take a rest. They get to fell the tree after they begin to burn the cut off chips or to carry them far way
h11The call of GodPeople become mortal because they do not hear or answer a call of a being who promises them immortality (or do not pronounce his name) or answer a call (pronouns the name) of a being who brings death
h18Hoarded game releasedGame animals were concentrated in one single place. Certain person lets them disperse in the world
h1eThe first dead opens the roadAfter the first death the road to the realm of death remains open; certain person makes a road to the realm of death; the first person who had died becomes the ruler of the guard of the realm of death
h20Fish disperse in the worldAll the fish or (rare) shellfish) was concentrated in one place. Certain person lets it lose or puts it into the rivers or sea
h20aMistress of fish loses itA woman (a girl, several women) keeps all the fish for herself. Man comes and lets fish escape into rivers or sea.
h24Container opened too earlyContainer with valuables or with dangerous creatures is opened (before time). Its content goes out of control or disappear
h4The shed skinThose who change their skin become young again
h5People and snakesReptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death
i14No-anus peoplePerson or creature has no anus opening
i27Chthonic canineA dog is the lord, guard or guide of/to the land of the dead; or dogs live on the way to the land of the dead
i28Animals in the underworldGame animals live inside a mountain, in a cave or in the underworld where they often look like humans and have a master
i37gFungi are steps, platforms, obstaclesTree fungi are steps, small platforms, umbrellas, obstacles that make moving easier or more difficult, provide a shelter or cover
j1The vengeful heroesPersons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they
j15Woman gets to dangerous creaturesWalking in search of her husband, boyfriend, kinsmen, shelter woman or girl gets to the house of dangerous creatures where she is injured or killed
j21Birth from eggsGods, first people or founders of the royal lineages are born from eggs
j22dTwo animals from one cut in twoTwo halves of one animal or person which was cut in two turn into two animals of different species or into foreigners
j28aTruth about fatherHero asks how one of his parents died and receives a series of false answers. Usually he successively exposes himself to the same dangers, survives and thus demonstrates that truth is still concealed from him
j31Father’s weaponA young hero obtains and uses weapons or other powerful objects which belonged to his murdered father
j4Revenge for the death of the male relativesHeroes avenge the murder or captivity of the male relatives: (grand)father, uncles, or the elder relatives in general, the loss of the males being the most traumatic
j4aRevenge for the death of the motherA woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death
j50An attempt to revive the victimTwin heroes' parent dies or is killed, an attempt to revive him or her fails
j51One piece is missingPerson or animal is eaten up or destroyed otherwise. His bones are put together and he or it is revived. Because one bone was broken, swallowed or lost (or a drop of blood, a small piece of flesh lost), the person or animal cannot be revived or being revived misses some part of his or its body
j51bOne piece is missing: the revived MoonThe Moon is eaten or died and disintegrated. He is revived by a small piece (a bone) is missing. From this peculiarities of the Moon or of human anatomy
j58The arrow ladderPersons shoot arrows (darts) which hit each other’s end forming a chain (rope, ladder). Persons climb by this chain to the sky or (rare) across an obstacle
j59Following arrow to get to the skyTo climb to the sky, person must first to shoot an arrow that reaches the sky and sticks to it
j64Person moves on clouds of smokeNot being burned in a fire, person ascends to the sky or gets across a river on clouds of smoke
k55Chastity rewardedA powerful supernatural wants to check if his guest made love with his wife or daughter. The person is impotent or (successfully pretends to be) chaste and is rewarded or at least gets no harm. Usually the same episodes repeats with another person who is dissolute or unable to control himself. This person is punished
l13The reared up monsterA small creature is reared up by people. When it is grown up, it becomes harmful and dangerous
l14Reared up serpentA small creature (often a worm or a reptile) is brought home and reared up or it becomes to live by itself in an artificial body of water. When big, it goes out of human control or becomes something huge and/or dangerous. Cf. motif L13A (The reared up monster attacks people)
l22The sound sleepAfter breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep. They do not feel when at night spirits come and injure or kill them
l22aPeople become blindAfter breaking some taboo, coming across a strange object or person, people fall asleep and awake blind
l24Monsters suffocatedDemons (or one of them) attack people and return to their den (usually a cave or tree hollow). People make suffocating fire around the den killing most or all of the demons
l25Demonic girl sucks brainsPeople adopt a demonic child, girl or woman but discover that this being kills people (in particular babies left in its charge) sucking out their brains or taking out their eyes
l38Demon’s trapA demon puts a trap to catch people, hero gets into it
l42Hero carried to ogre’s homeAn ogre or ogress catches a person and brings him to his or her home where he or she plans to cook and eat him. The hero escapes
l48Demons devour their comradesA man kills (usually in a tree, on a rock, at the edge of a well, of a precipice) and/or throws down one of his enemies. The other enemies do not recognize their comrade and think that their prey is falling down
l70Fruit falls and killsPerson or animal is killed or injured with a heavy object dropped from a tree (or rock, etc.). The person or the animal knows that the objects will fall but has falls ideas about its character and weight
l77Girl seen as a fruit eaten upPerson sees or smells people as delicious objects and devours them
m11The unclean foodPerson feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food
m18Stolen arrows and hooksPerson transforms himself into an object of hunting or fishing, provokes hunters of fishermen to catch or shoot him and carries way the tools that they use (arrows, darts, harpoons, hooks, baits). Or he fishes by turning himself into a hook. Or he is caught but escapes turning back into a person
m18bGetting fishing hook or harpoonPerson turns into a fish to steal fishing hook or harpoon or he turns into fishing hook to catch a fish
m8Breaking the obstacleNon-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object


Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Desana, Siriano; Tatuyo, Bara, Tuyuca
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Cofan (Cofán)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Siona, Secoya, Coreguaje
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kuna; XVI century data on Eastern Panama
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Pemon: Arekuna (incl. Kamarakoto), Taulipang (Taurepan)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Baniwa (incl. Wakuenai), Bare, Piapoco, Curripaco, Siusi, Guarikena
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Witoto, Ocaina
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Palau (Western Carolines)

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Barasana, Taibano, Macuna
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Witoto, Ocaina
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Napo (Quijo), Kanelo (“Jungle Kechua”)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Kabiyari, Yukuna (Yucuna)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Kuna; XVI century data on Eastern Panama
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Cofan (Cofán)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Ticuna (Tucuna)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Choco: Embera, Nonama (Waunana), XVI century Dabaiba, pre-Columbian iconography of Sinu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Sicuani
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Yagua