Takelma



Tradition title rus: 
Такелма
Areal ID: 
12.3.7.6
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
63.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
21.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a12c


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: reptiles and fish
Description: 

During an eclipse or at the sunset the Sun or the Moon are attacked by a reptile (a snake, a lizard, a dragon, a crocodile) or a fish




Motif

b28


Name_eng: 
Travelling transformer
Description: 

The transformer walks along coming across different persons and creatures, transforming them into birds, animals, stones, shrines, etc. (or transforming monstrous animals into present day ones) and introducing cultural norms, landscape features, etc.




Motif

c6


Name_eng: 
Valuables brought from the lower world
Description: 

Persons or animals dive or otherwise decend to the lower world to get a desired object and to bring it to earth (besides episodes in the fairytales, cf. motif k27x9)




Motif

c6f


Name_eng: 
Diving for drowned person
Description: 

Persons or animals dive to get from under the water a drowned person or creature or part of its body




Motif

e9


Name_eng: 
The mysterious housekeeper
Description: 

Person observes traces of some activity that takes place in his (rare: her) house in his (her) absence and then takes by surprise the responsible one




Motif

f10


Name_eng: 
Vaginal teeth knocked out
Description: 

Woman has another toothed mouth (usually in vagina) or biting animals in vagina. Man inserts there a stone, bone, stick, etc. breaking or knocking out the teeth or extracting from there dangerous animals




Motif

h1a


Name_eng: 
The originator of death the first sufferer
Description: 

One person wants man to live forever, another wants man to be mortal. When somebody dear to the latter one dies, he or she is eager to accept the suggestion of his or her opponent but the original decision cannot be changed




Motif

h1b


Name_eng: 
Death of a neighbor’s child
Description: 

Person does something that makes death inevitable because the death of a child or a woman beloved by another person is indifferent or desirable for him or her




Motif

h36gg


Name_eng: 
Death and the coyote
Description: 

Coyote is responsible for introduction of permanent death




Motif

i3


Name_eng: 
Weapon of Thunder
Description: 

The lightning (and thunder) is (produced with) an object (axe, sword, mirror, belt, stones, skin, etc.) in hands of anthropomorphic being




Motif

i5


Name_eng: 
Thunder is an animal
Description: 

Thunder looks like a quadruped mammal (pig, buffalo, camel, anteater, tapir, dog, cat, leopard, monkey, etc.)




Motif

i51b


Name_eng: 
The earth is an animal
Description: 

The earth or the sky are identified with a big quadruped mammal or are made of parts of its body




Motif

i82a


Name_eng: 
Venus is male
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a male personage




Motif

j4


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the male relatives
Description: 

Heroes avenge the murder or captivity of the male relatives: (grand)father, uncles, or the elder relatives in general, the loss of the males being the most traumatic




Motif

j12


Name_eng: 
Travelling girl walks across suitors
Description: 

A girl (or two sisters) travel, usually in search of a proper marriage partner who lives far away or who has gone away. On her way or after reaching the place of destination the girl gets to some unpleasant suitors




Motif

j13


Name_eng: 
Two sisters
Description: 

Two sisters (if more, only two play a significant role in the plot) travel and meet an unpleasant suitor or get to an ogre




Motif

j22a


Name_eng: 
Two men from one
Description: 

Two men or a man and a woman appear from two halves of the cut in two anthropomorphic body or embryo; or another man appears from part of the body of the first one or from his body discharge




Motif

j30


Name_eng: 
Parents’ remains
Description: 

Before the hero destroys the antagonists or escapes from them, he finds or receives the remains or possessions that belonged to the antagonists' victim




Motif

j44


Name_eng: 
The broken bridge
Description: 

Person or his helper draws his enemies on the unstable bridge and destroys it. The enemies fall into water, into a precipice




Motif

j45


Name_eng: 
The stretched out leg (crane bridge)
Description: 

Person stretches his or her leg or neck as a bridge across water body. The fugitives or those who walk ahead cross the bridge; the persecutor or those who are behind usually fall because the person takes his bridge off




Motif

j46


Name_eng: 
Enemy drowns
Description: 

Antagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body




Motif

j52


Name_eng: 
Two animal persons and their children
Description: 

A person (usually zoomorphic and female) treacherously kills her (his) companion. The victim's children revenge on the murderer killing her own children




Motif

j52a


Name_eng: 
Bear as antagonist
Description: 

A bear-person (usually Bear-woman) kills her or his female companion who is associated with a weaker animal – not a predator or a weaker predator. The victim's children revenge on the antagonist killing her own children and / or run away and escape




Motif

j53c


Name_eng: 
One of two female companions kills another
Description: 

Two co-wives of female companions live together, both have children. Once when they go to work outdoors (usually to gather wild plants), one of them kills and devours another. The victim's children escape




Motif

k1h


Name_eng: 
Imprisoned in the tree-hollow
Description: 

Person is imprisoned in a tree-hollow or inside a rock and is released by somebody who makes a hole from outside




Motif

k3


Name_eng: 
Tree or rock grows taller
Description: 

Hero climbs up a tree or rock to get eggs, nestlings, fruits, honey, etc. Another person makes the tree (rock) grow higher or thicker and the hero is unable to descend back




Motif

k4


Name_eng: 
The bird nester
Description: 

Person climbs up a tree or rock or descends to a cave to get eggs or nestlings from the bird's nest. Another person remains on the ground. They get into conflict and/or the first person is unable to get back to the ground




Motif

k8c


Name_eng: 
Jonah: swallowed by terrestrial animal
Description: 

Person gets into the belly of ground animal or bird. He kills it from the inside and/or returns to earth by himself (i.e. not extracted by other people)




Motif

k50


Name_eng: 
False wife beheads enemy
Description: 

A man disguised as a woman comes to his enemy and kills him at night (usually cuts off and carries away his head)




Motif

l5c


Name_eng: 
Rolling head is a dangerous monster
Description: 

Rolling head is a dangerous mobster (pursues celestial bodies, people etc.)




Motif

l15a


Name_eng: 
Vulnerable place on the body
Description: 

The only vulnerable spot is near the surface of person’s or creature’s body and not in his inner organs




Motif

l34


Name_eng: 
The burning hair
Description: 

Person kills or injures his enemy putting fire on his or her straw costume, mask, headgear, hair or object on his or her back




Motif

l38a


Name_eng: 
A sticky trap
Description: 

Person sticks to an object, usually touching it one by one with his body members. The object is a trap of demonic creature or is a non human creature itself




Motif

l57a


Name_eng: 
Hero's body part is returned by his companion
Description: 

The antagonists acquire person’s organ or body part (his remains) . Another person gets back what has been stolen and the first one revives (becomes strong again)




Motif

l98


Name_eng: 
Cannibal owl
Description: 

Dangerous cannibal or bush spirit who abducts children, attacks people, etc. is associated with an owl




Motif

m8


Name_eng: 
Breaking the obstacle
Description: 

Non-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object




Motif

m8a


Name_eng: 
Birds peck a rock to release prisoners
Description: 

Birds and sometimes also animals work hard to break from the outside or from the inside a rock, a tree truck, bonds, etc. to release some beings or themselves from confinement in a small enclosure or trap




Motif

m12


Name_eng: 
The unlucky hunter
Description: 

Not to return home empty-handed, a hunter or (rare) a fisherman cuts off a piece of flesh from his body (usually from his calf) or (more rare) extracts his blood or entrails. Usually he brings his flesh or blood to other people pretending that is a good game or fish; or a woman cuts off a piece of flesh from her calf to feed her husband




Motif

m22


Name_eng: 
Helpful stock
Description: 

A long-necked bird living near water (stork, heron, bittern, swan) saves person from dangerous pursuer




Motif

m29b


Name_eng: 
Trickster-fox, jackal or coyote
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote




Motif

m32


Name_eng: 
Anus opened
Description: 

Food or liquid that person swallows are immediately pouring out from his bottom part




Motif

m36


Name_eng: 
Dismantles himself to crawl through an opening
Description: 

Person is imprisoned inside a tree, stone, a ball of ice, etc. He or somebody else makes the opening but it is too narrow. The person puts himself to pieces (or turns into fog), inserts them into the opening, outside puts the pieces together again




Motif

m42


Name_eng: 
Eyes: taken out of orbits and lost
Description: 

Person loses his eyes because of his playfulness or negligence. He makes new eyes of some substance or/and takes eyes of another person




Motif

m42a


Name_eng: 
Eyes of berries
Description: 

Person (usually after losing his own eyes), makes new eyes of berries and is able to see again




Motif

m49


Name_eng: 
Man in a skin of another
Description: 

Hero comes across a (animal-)person from an enemy group and takes his or her appearance, usually dressing himself in a skin of his victim; after this he penetrates the enemy camp




Motif

m62a


Name_eng: 
Quarrel provoked by action [not in correlation table]
Description: 

Hero imperceptibly causes detriment to two persons or creatures. They accuse each other and fight




Motif

m81


Name_eng: 
Blind persons
Description: 

A man travels and comes to two or several blind (usually old) persons




Motif

m87


Name_eng: 
Invisible ghosts
Description: 

Person enters a seemingly empty house and attempts to take certain things. Invisible beings prevent him from doing it or objects themselves hurt him




Motif

m113


Name_eng: 
For certain bird water is taboo
Description: 

During the hottest month of the summer or permanently birds of certain species are prohibited to drink from the water bodies. Usually they can quench their thirst only from rain drops and dew on leaves and cry calling for rain




Motif

m122


Name_eng: 
Advisers inside
Description: 

In a difficult situation animal person asks for advice his tail, anus or some beings that are inside him (excrements, parasites, his "sisters", etc.)




Motif

m81d


Name_eng: 
Blind persons cured
Description: 

A man comes across (often in the sky) one or two blind persons and cures their eyes




Motif

a12b


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: a frog or toad
Description: 

During an eclipse or at the sunset the Sun or the Moon are attacked by a frog or toad




Motif

m49a


Name_eng: 
The substituted medicine-woman
Description: 

The hero has to come unrecognized to the meeting place of his enemies. He meets an old woman (usually a shaman, a medicine-woman) who goes there, puts on her skin and acquires her appearance




Motif

m29b2


Name_eng: 
The bear is a failure/enemy
Description: 

Because of its stupidity or unsocial behavior, the bear suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

k177


Name_eng: 
The travelling heroine
Description: 

A girl or young woman sets off to find or return her fience or her husband or she escapes from a fanger and ultimately marries happily




Motif

f35a


Name_eng: 
Feeding with the kin’s meat
Description: 

Person does not know that he or she eats or cooks the meat of the member of his or her household (blood relation, more rare a spouse or servant) or serves it to his or her friends, or uses her or his bones for everyday needs, or slowly kills him ort her




Motif

j53c1


Name_eng: 
The grizzly-bear and the black bear
Description: 

Two women live together, both have children. One of them kills and (later) eats another. The murderer is associated with the grizzly-bear and the victim with the bear of the smaller species




Motif

m11


Name_eng: 
The unclean food
Description: 

Person feeds others a food that is extracted from his, hers or somebody else’ body or is polluted by body extractions not informing about the source of the food




Motif

b75a


Name_eng: 
Sounds of the time of creation: voice of a person
Description: 

Voice of a person who lived in the bygone times is still heard (most often it is an echo)




Motif

j4b


Name_eng: 
Revenge inside the family
Description: 

Children (son, sons, son and daughter) of the murdered woman or man revenge on persons who have marital or close kin relations with the victom




Motif

j4a


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the mother
Description: 

A woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death




Motif

j1


Name_eng: 
The vengeful heroes
Description: 

Persons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Pomo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Wailaki, Mattole, Lassik, Sinkyone, Cahto
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Western Apache (White Mountain, San Carlos)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Shasta; Chimariko
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Oregon Athabaskans: Lower Umpqua, Tututni (incl Joshua), Upper Coquille, Galice, Tolowa
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Thompson (Nlaka'pamux)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Ute
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Armenians

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Shuswap
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Oregon Athabaskans: Lower Umpqua, Tututni (incl Joshua), Upper Coquille, Galice, Tolowa
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Lkungen (Straits; including Samish, Songish, Sooke, Lummi), Klallam
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Coos
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Upper Chinook: Wasco, Wishram, Clackamas, Kathlamet
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis, (Lower) Cowlitz
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Thompson (Nlaka'pamux)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Lillooet
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Tillamook
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Maidu, Nisenan, Konkov