Southern and Central; Ryukyu Islands: Yaeyama, Miyako, Okinawa



Tradition title rus: 
Центральные и южные Рюкю: Яэяма, Мияко, Окинава
Areal ID: 
10.3.2.3
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
65.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
51.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a12Eclipses: monster’s attackSome creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light
a14Eclipses: relations between the Sun and the MoonComing together of the Sun and the Moon is the reason of their eclipses
a3Male sun and female moonThe Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male
a32Figure on lunar discA figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)
a32aThe Moon rabbitRabbit or hare are seen in the moon
a32dMan in the MoonHuman being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon
a32ePerson with an object in handsPerson who holds some object in his or her hands is seen in the moon (rare: in the sun)
a32fWater-carrier in the MoonPerson who went to fetch water and/or holds in hands a container for liquid is seen in the moon
a36The immortal MoonThe Moon, unlike people, revives or rejuvenates every month; or those who live in the Moon are immortal; or the Moon makes decision if people should die forever or regularly revive
a44Moon the protectorA person pursued by an enemy or tyrannized by others asks the Moon to take her or him to the sky. The request is granted and the person is now seen in the Moon
a45The insulted MoonPerson who teases or insults the Moon is punished
b3aPrimeval watersWater is the original element, the dry earth appears later
b3bEarth grows bigOriginal earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance
b3eEarth falls on watersIn the beginning there are only air and water. 1) Person descends from the sky, creates the dry land or a hard support created for her or him grows into the earth. 2) The earth is sent or dropped from the sky, put on the surface of the water. 3) The earth is brought from somewhere (not from the underworld) and put on the water
b6A man and a woman move around a post and meet each otherThe first or the only survived man and woman move in different directions around a post, a hill, etc. When they come together they marry each other
b75aSounds of the time of creation: voice of a personVoice of a person who lived in the bygone times is still heard (most often it is an echo)
b77Primeval sky close to earthOriginally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up
b77aGiant pushed the sky upOne or several (animal)-persons push sky up to its present height
b82The white ravenRaven or other carrion-eating bird of dark color and a similar size was originally white
c2Deluge and conflagration combinedInhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water
c8The couple of close relations originates the mankindIn the beginning of time or after the natural disaster brother and sister, mother and son, or father and daughters are the only human beings. They marry and the present day people are their descendents
c8aaBrother and sister beget the peopleIn the beginning of time or after the natural disaster brother and sister are the only human beings. They marry and the present day people are their descendents
e1dCanoes of clayFirst canoes were made of unfit materials
e32People born from treesFirst people are born by trees or come out of a tree, flower, reed
e36aNails as a priviledged part of the bodyNails grow permanently or human body is covered with a hard layer only on the tips of fingers and toes because only these parts were rinsed with the water of life
e5bFirst couple from the underworldFirst man (a group of brothers) or first human couple come out from the underworld (a cave) or from a small enclosure on its surface (tussock, reed, tree, rock, gourd)
e5cPeople from the skyThe first people or first anthropomorphic divine beings descend to earth from the sky.
f30Snake paramourA woman or a girl takes a snake, an eel (i.e. Pacific snake-eel), a lizard, or a worm for husband or paramour. People kill or badly injure him, the woman and/or her progeny or the woman herself is transformed into snake. Cf. motif k76b: the snake-husband becomes and remains a handsome man
f51The clandestine loverPerson who conceals his or her identity comes to his or her lover (at night). Next time, the lover puts a mark on the stranger's face, body or clothes doing this intentionally (to recognize him or her) or by chance (that leads to the identification)
f51bFollowing the threadTo get know the nature or locality of a person, another fastens a thread to his body and follows it
f7The underwater-maidenMan takes or attempts to take a wife who is connected with the underwater world (fish, crab, snake, water animal and the like)
f76Animals teach to make lovePeople learn to copulate after they see birds, fish or animals doing it
f9A dangerous womanFor different reasons, sexual contact with a woman is deadly dangerous for a man
f9aVagina dentataThere are teeth, blades or sharp stones in woman’s genitals, vagina is the biting mouth. (Only texts that are believed to correspond to reality are considered but not anecdotes and jokes)
h36The muddled messagePerson is sent by god to bring instructions or certain objects but distorts, forgets or replaces them. This has fatal consequences for humans or for a certain species of animals. (Lithuanian case can be a mistification)
h36aOrigin of death from the falsified messagePerson distorts instructions that he must pass to others, intentionally lies, forgets or replaces certain objects that must be given to others. Because of this human beings become mortal (do not revive after death)
h36gMuddled message: how many meals a dayGod sends his messenger to tell people that they should eat only rarely (once in three days or the like). The messenger tells them that they should eat often (three times a day)
h4The shed skinThose who change their skin become young again
h5People and snakesReptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death
h6bbThe lost objectsAnimal person is sent to pass to the people certain objects or substance but loses or replaces them. Because of this people miss possibility to become immortal or their life becomes difficult
h6dStolen immortalityPerson brings a remedy that gets immortality. While he is asleep or absent, somebody else steals the remedy
i124Ursa major is a boatUrsa major is a boat
i41Rainbow serpentRainbow is a reptile (usually a snake) or (more rare) a fish, or it is related to snake, to its tongue, breath, or to scorpion's tail
i4aThunder in trouble: falls to earthThunder falls to earth, cannot return to the sky. Usually a human person helps him to do it
i62Milky Way is a riverMilky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim
i81aThe chthonic crabA giant crab produces earthquakes or floods, stops or can stop flow of the waters into the chasm or on the contrary prevents waters from being dammed.
i81a1The crab and the serpentThe confrontation between the crab and the serpent (eel) produces the present landscape features or has the cosmic scale
j18aMother is eaten up, children escapeAn ogress devours a woman, gets into her house. Her daughters (daughter and son, one daughter) run away, climb a tree or a rope that hangs from the sky. Ogress pursues them and perishes
j21Birth from eggsGods, first people or founders of the royal lineages are born from eggs
j26Babies come out of the waterBaby heroes, embryos or objects from which they emerge are found in a river or lake or come to people out of the water
k125House utensil betrays its masterAn enemy asks house utensils or personal objects where their master hid himself or herself or what direction he or she ran away. One of the objects, not treated by the master in a proper way, betrays him or her
k13aPerson with cut off leg ascends to the skyPerson's leg (rare: both legs) is cut, torn, bitten off, injured. He (rare: she) ascends to the sky: to the Moon; turns into the Moon, Sun, star, constellation; blood from the injured leg makes the sky red
k17The ornitomorphic suitorAn ornitomorphic hero impregnates a girl magically or imperceptibly for her
k25Magic wifeA man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k25a1Magic wife finds her clothesMagic wife abandons her mortal husband when she finds her clothes (often, her feathers if she is a bird-woman), makes herself the new clothes, receives them from her kin or her husband gives her her clothing believing that she will not abandon him. (Versions with magic wife abandoning her husband because she feels herself offended is not alternative to the “found clothes but in most of the texts these motifs are not combined)
k25eMagic wife is an ancestorAll humans, members of a particular ethnic or social group or a ruling dynasty are believed to descend from a mortal man and a woman of supernatural origin
k47aA woman and a dogAfter having sexual contact with a dog, a woman gives birth to his children. The puppies turn into humans and usually become ancestors of particular groups of people
k47dDog fulfills conditions of marriageA girl marries a dog because only the dog fulfilled the condition of marriage put by the girl's father
k56The kind and the unkind girlsOne of (step)sisters, co-spouses or young female neighbors meets a being that is able to reward and to punish. She behaves herself properly and is rewarded. Another (other) girl comes to the same being but behaves in a wrong way and is punished (not rewarded).
k56a4fThe unkind girl becomes uglyThe supernatural person does not like the behavior of the unkind girl and punishes her making her ugly (disfigured)
k56bThe worthy man is rewarded, the unworthy punishedFirst one, then another man meets a powerful person or persons. The first man is worthy and rewarded with treasure, prestige or the like. The second man (or two men) follows him, behaves in a wrong way and is punished
k65bHumans and spiritsSpirits or unpleasant animals (reptiles, worms, etc.) are (often: concealed from the eyes of God or deformed) children or miscarriages of the same human couple or the same primeval ancestor who produced first human beings
k65dWrong marriage ritual and the birth of spiritsThe primeval couple is married. First wife has miscarriages or gives birth to spirits, worms or other unpleasant animals. Later, usually after the proper marriage ceremony is organized, she becomes to give birth to real human beings or gods
k76A strange sonA boy born into a family or found by his adoptive parents has a strange guise (ball of meat, nut, bag, half of a man, an animal). He possesses magic power, becomes a handsome man and usually marries a girl of high social status. The magic spouse of a princess originally has a non-human or monstrous appearance
l40Reflection and shadowPerson discovers (rare:still fails to discover) another getting to see his or her shadow or reflection in water


Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Japanese folklore outside of Ryukyu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Early Chinese written sources
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Palaung (De Ang, Deang)
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Wa (incl Kawa), Bulang
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Khakas
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Northern Luzon: Apayao, Bontoc, Nabaloi (Ibaloi), Ifugao, Igorot (highland people, not specified), Ilocan, Ilongot, Isneg, Kalinga, Kankanay, Tingian (Tinggian, Bilongan Itneg); Ibanag, Kasiguran Agta, Keley-i Kallahan
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Ot Danum, Ngaju, Maanyan (Ma'anyan)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Mindanao: Blaan (Bilaan), Bagobo, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Hiligáynon, Binukid, Magindaan (=Magindanao: main Muslim population), Mandaya, Mansaka, Manobo (Agusan, Ata, Dibabawon, Sarangani, Ilianen), Maranao, Subanon (=Subanun), Subanen, Tboli
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Batak (Toba, Dairi)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Stieng, Chrau, Sre (Koho), Maa, Mnong

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition:
Japanese folklore outside of Ryukyu
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Miao (Hmong) and Yao of Southern China
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Portuguese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Northern Ryukyu Islands (with southern Kyusyu in case of absence across the rest of Japan
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Guangdong, Guanxi and Yunnan Chinese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Koreans; Goguryeo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Bulgarians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Spain
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Anatolia Turks
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Chinese folklore: Anhui, Jiangxi and data without precise provinience (incl Hakka, Min Dong)