Guarani: different groups of Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina including Apapocuva, Kaiowá, Mbyá, Chiripá (=Ñandeva)



Tradition title rus: 
Гуарани Бразилии, Парагвая и Аргентины: кайва (кайгуа), мбыа, апапокува, чирипа (=ньяндева, юг Сан-Паулу)
Areal ID: 
15.7.3.2
Language: 
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
91.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
50.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a3


Name_eng: 
Male sun and female moon
Description: 

The Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male




Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a12a


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: a predator animal
Description: 

During an eclipse or at other circumstances the Sun or the Moon are attacked by a predator animal (a bear, a feline, a canine, a racoon)




Motif

a20


Name_eng: 
Childhood and youth of the Sun and Moon
Description: 

The Sun and the Moon (rare: the Sun and a star, the Moon and a star) are two siblings who live on earth and then ascend to the sky being still young persons




Motif

a31


Name_eng: 
The incestuous Moon
Description: 

As a result of some intimate contacts and/or love affair, the Moon acquires its present appearance (often, the stains on his face) and/or ascends to the sky




Motif

a35


Name_eng: 
Spots on the lunar disc
Description: 

Dark spots on the lunar disc are dirt, blood, paint, traces of beating, burning, scratching, etc. on the Moon person's body or face (Kiliwa: spots on the Sun) and do not form any particular figure




Motif

b3a


Name_eng: 
Primeval waters
Description: 

Water is the original element, the dry earth appears later




Motif

b3b


Name_eng: 
Earth grows big
Description: 

Original earth was small and later increased in size or the fertile soil grew from a small amount of original substance




Motif

b27


Name_eng: 
Variants of transformations
Description: 

Persons ponders over what object, feature, or creature it would be appropriate for him or her to turn into. When the choice is made, the persons transforms himself or herself




Motif

b54


Name_eng: 
Chips turn into fish
Description: 

Chips of wood, branches or pieces of bark thrown or fallen into the water turn into fish and/or aquatic animals




Motif

b57


Name_eng: 
Blood reddens world
Description: 

When some person or animal is killed, blood paints the sky (origin of the sunrise or sunset, of reddish colors of Aurora borealis) or other natural objects (Moon, autumn vegetation)




Motif

c2


Name_eng: 
Deluge and conflagration combined
Description: 

Inhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water




Motif

c14


Name_eng: 
Monsters destroy people
Description: 

During or before the world catastrophe (deluge, darkness) wild beasts and monsters attack and destroy people




Motif

d1b


Name_eng: 
Male spirit of fire
Description: 

The fire is personified as an elder man (alone or with his wife, mistress of fire)




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

d5


Name_eng: 
Woman as the owner of the fire
Description: 

Female person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire




Motif

d7


Name_eng: 
Fire and toad
Description: 

Frog or toad possesses the fire, steals it from original owner, tries to extinguish or to save it




Motif

d9


Name_eng: 
Fire and vulture
Description: 

Raven or other big dark-feathered bird scavenger is the owner, personification, spouse, obtainer or stealer of fire, daylight, or the Sun




Motif

e20


Name_eng: 
Fish poison person
Description: 

Entering water, certain person makes fish die. From parts of his body or from his grave grows plant used to prepare fish poison (timbo)




Motif

f23


Name_eng: 
Origin of menses: sexual act
Description: 

Women menstruate because they bled in primeval time after the first defloration




Motif

f45


Name_eng: 
The Amazons
Description: 

There are (or were) women who live apart from men in their own village or villages




Motif

f51


Name_eng: 
The clandestine lover
Description: 

Person who conceals his or her identity comes to his or her lover (at night). Next time, the lover puts a mark on the stranger's face, body or clothes doing this intentionally (to recognize him or her) or by chance (that leads to the identification)




Motif

g5


Name_eng: 
Food tree
Description: 

Fruits and shoots of different cultivated plants grow on the branches of one tree (on one vine) or certain plant has a tree form that is alien to it in nature




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

h21


Name_eng: 
Animals or fish kill a child
Description: 

Person possesses game animals or fish. A boy or a girl knows this secret or is used as a luring device. Another person asks or forces the boy or girl to serve him the same way or the boy himself makes an attempt to hunt or fish. As a result, the boy or girl is killed or carried away by animals or fish




Motif

h28


Name_eng: 
Plagues from the body of a person or creature
Description: 

Killed and destroyed (often burned) person or creature (usually ogre, fierce animal, powerful shaman) turns into a multitude of biting insects or into other small molesting creatures




Motif

h28a


Name_eng: 
Mosquitoes from sparks and smoke
Description: 

A burned person or creature immediately turns into a multitude of mosquitoes or biting flies




Motif

i1


Name_eng: 
The thunderbirds
Description: 

Creatures that produce rain and/or thunderstorms are birds or anthropomorphic beings with wings; or (rare) some or all birds are connected with thunder, lightning or rain though Thunder is not a bird




Motif

i8e1


Name_eng: 
Four supports of the world
Description: 

The sky or the earth rests upon four or five (cardinal points and the center) supports of any kind (poles, mountains, giants)




Motif

i8g


Name_eng: 
Atlas
Description: 

One giant supports the earth or the sky




Motif

i22


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent movement
Description: 

There are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)




Motif

i41


Name_eng: 
Rainbow serpent
Description: 

Rainbow is a reptile (usually a snake) or (more rare) a fish, or it is related to snake, to its tongue, breath, or to scorpion's tail




Motif

i42


Name_eng: 
Rainbow is a pair of creatures
Description: 

Rainbow is two creatures or persons, usually a male and a female




Motif

i63


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a path of tapir
Description: 

Milky Way is a path of tapir, or tapir is seen in the Milky Way




Motif

i67


Name_eng: 
Emu and rhea in the Milky Way
Description: 

A giant figure of an emu (in Australia) or rhea (in South America) is seen in the Milky Way




Motif

i82b


Name_eng: 
Venus is female
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a female personage




Motif

i82c


Name_eng: 
Venus is the Moon’s wife
Description: 

Venus or some other bright star seen near the eastern or western horizon is female and wife of the Moon




Motif

i82d


Name_eng: 
Morning and Evening stars are a man and a woman
Description: 

Morning and Evening stars are opposed as a man and a woman or vice versa




Motif

i108


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are a person
Description: 

The Pleiades are only one anthropomorphic being, not several persons




Motif

i122


Name_eng: 
The Pleiades are bees
Description: 

The Pleiades are a nest, a congestion of bees or wasps (or apiary, etc.)




Motif

j8


Name_eng: 
Feathers at the crossroad
Description: 

A woman or a girl is in search of her husband or other person. Bird feathers at the cross-road or near the person's dwelling mark the correct or the wrong way




Motif

j9


Name_eng: 
Unborn children talk from the womb
Description: 

A woman is in search of her husband or other person or object. Her unborn children speak from her stomach and shows her the correct way




Motif

j10


Name_eng: 
Insect’s bite
Description: 

A woman loses her way after being bitter by insect (wasp, bee, ant). She accuses her unborn sons of being the cause of the bite and/or slaps herself on her abdomen to punish the sons or to kill the insect. As a consequence her sons are offended and do not show her the correct way anymore




Motif

j11


Name_eng: 
Unborn child asks to pick up some flowers
Description: 

A quarrel between a mother and her sons in her womb flares up after they ask her to pick up flowers or fruits (usually the insect bites her when she picks flowers up)




Motif

j15


Name_eng: 
Woman gets to dangerous creatures
Description: 

Walking in search of her husband, boyfriend, kinsmen, shelter woman or girl gets to the house of dangerous creatures where she is injured or killed




Motif

j15a


Name_eng: 
Woman gets to jaguars
Description: 

Setting off (usually in search of her husband, boyfriend or kinsmen), woman gets to the place of dangerous felines




Motif

j43


Name_eng: 
Bait for antagonists
Description: 

To kill his antagonists, hero lures them with an attractive object which is delicious to eat and is usually on the other side of a body of water or a canyon




Motif

j44


Name_eng: 
The broken bridge
Description: 

Person or his helper draws his enemies on the unstable bridge and destroys it. The enemies fall into water, into a precipice




Motif

j46


Name_eng: 
Enemy drowns
Description: 

Antagonist perishes falling into the water or trying to cross a water body




Motif

j50


Name_eng: 
An attempt to revive the victim
Description: 

Twin heroes' parent dies or is killed, an attempt to revive him or her fails




Motif

j50a


Name_eng: 
Sons embrace their mother
Description: 

Mother dies when her sons embrace or push her




Motif

j58


Name_eng: 
The arrow ladder
Description: 

Persons shoot arrows (darts) which hit each other’s end forming a chain (rope, ladder). Persons climb by this chain to the sky or (rare) across an obstacle




Motif

j59


Name_eng: 
Following arrow to get to the sky
Description: 

To climb to the sky, person must first to shoot an arrow that reaches the sky and sticks to it




Motif

j60


Name_eng: 
Two-fold impregnation
Description: 

A woman is impregnated by two different males and gives birth to twin sons who have different fathers




Motif

k16


Name_eng: 
To get access to a girl in guise of a bird or an animal
Description: 

Disguised as a bird, small animal or insect, a man penetrates into the place of a girl (into her father’s house)




Motif

l5c


Name_eng: 
Rolling head is a dangerous monster
Description: 

Rolling head is a dangerous mobster (pursues celestial bodies, people etc.)




Motif

l6


Name_eng: 
Demon clings to person
Description: 

A demonic being demands that a person would carry it permanently, clings to his shoulder or back




Motif

l7


Name_eng: 
Chasing an animal by mistake
Description: 

Instead of chasing a person, a bush spirit, a monster or a dangerous animal follows by mistake an object or animal that moves nearby




Motif

l34


Name_eng: 
The burning hair
Description: 

Person kills or injures his enemy putting fire on his or her straw costume, mask, headgear, hair or object on his or her back




Motif

l39


Name_eng: 
Hero is compelled to descend from a tree
Description: 

When a person climbs a tree, a demon comes to it and carries the person away, or the person follows the demon to his world by his own will




Motif

l40


Name_eng: 
Reflection and shadow
Description: 

Person discovers (rare:still fails to discover) another getting to see his or her shadow or reflection in water




Motif

l41


Name_eng: 
Hero escapes on the way
Description: 

An ogre or ogress catches a person and carries his or her prey home but the person escapes on the way or immediately after reaching the ogre's house




Motif

l41a


Name_eng: 
Stone in basket
Description: 

Hero escapes from the demon's basket or bag letting stone (a piece of wood, some sand) instead of him




Motif

m5


Name_eng: 
Provoked insult
Description: 

Being in a situation when his life depends on a good will of a demon or animal, person either resists or does not resist the temptation to insult or to beat, bite, etc. the latter




Motif

m6


Name_eng: 
Night with a partridge
Description: 

A young man or girl spends night in the forest. The forest partridge (Tinamus sp.) provides him or her a fire, a shelter and/or a hammock but takes them away and flies away itself when the person does something wrong




Motif

m18


Name_eng: 
Stolen arrows and hooks
Description: 

Person transforms himself into an object of hunting or fishing, provokes hunters of fishermen to catch or shoot him and carries way the tools that they use (arrows, darts, harpoons, hooks, baits). Or he fishes by turning himself into a hook. Or he is caught but escapes turning back into a person




Motif

m18b


Name_eng: 
Getting fishing hook or harpoon
Description: 

Person turns into a fish to steal fishing hook or harpoon or he turns into fishing hook to catch a fish




Motif

m21


Name_eng: 
A protector hides fugitives
Description: 

Person pursued by an enemy asks somebody whom he meets to help him. The helper hides him




Motif

m22


Name_eng: 
Helpful stock
Description: 

A long-necked bird living near water (stork, heron, bittern, swan) saves person from dangerous pursuer




Motif

m28


Name_eng: 
Icarus (failed attempt to fly on artificial wings)
Description: 

Acquiring possibility to fly, person ultimately falls to the ground or remains in a faraway place being unable to fly any more




Motif

h7g1


Name_eng: 
Death is more fair and rich than God
Description: 

Person (who is usually in search of the godgather for the newborn child) rejects God (saints) and devil but accepts Death who is more fair (or rich)




Motif

m29w


Name_eng: 
Jaguar (ocelote, puma) is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the jaguar (ocelote, puma) suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

m30a


Name_eng: 
Person defecates on a trickster
Description: 

Trickster who flies over a village falls to the ground. They bind him and defecate on him




Motif

m41


Name_eng: 
The eye-juggler
Description: 

Person plays throwing his eyes or (Alaska Athabascans) his tooth up or away. Eyes or tooth first come back to eye sockets or mouth but eventually are lost




Motif

m42


Name_eng: 
Eyes: taken out of orbits and lost
Description: 

Person loses his eyes because of his playfulness or negligence. He makes new eyes of some substance or/and takes eyes of another person




Motif

m73


Name_eng: 
Exchanged excrements or vomits: who is stronger
Description: 

Two (animal) persons compare their feces or vomits to know about the diet and habits of each other (who is the strongest). The weaker one gets to exchange the feces (vomits)




Motif

m89


Name_eng: 
Melted wax
Description: 

Person dies or is humiliated after some object that he or she made of wax, resin, excrements and/or took for something worthy are melted down




Motif

l7a


Name_eng: 
Sticking demon: first to person and then to animal
Description: 

A demon who sticks to other creatures and refuses to get down sticks first to a person and then to an animal or first to an animal and then to a bird




Motif

i64


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a trace of animals
Description: 

Milky Way is a trace of big animals who were walking or running along it




Motif

m30


Name_eng: 
Trickster falls down
Description: 

Person or creature who has no wings or is unable to fly on a long distance attempts to ascend to the sky or to fly far away but falls down or, deprived of his wings, remains in a place from which he is unable to return




Motif

h1e


Name_eng: 
The first dead opens the road
Description: 

After the first death the road to the realm of death remains open; certain person makes a road to the realm of death; the first person who had died becomes the ruler of the guard of the realm of death




Motif

m75


Name_eng: 
Valuables taken off the vultures
Description: 

Person attracts and catches the carrion-eaters (usually some birds) and thanks to this obtains valuables retrieves valuables (fire, woman, animals, etc.)




Motif

i45b


Name_eng: 
Not to point at the rainbow
Description: 

It to point at the rainbow, pointing finger or entire arm will rot, wither or become crooked




Motif

j54


Name_eng: 
The last female survives
Description: 

Animals of particular species that were enemies of the heroes are exterminated besides the only pregnant female (rare a female and a male). Thanks to this, these animals still exist




Motif

b1f


Name_eng: 
Two brothers: a winner and a failure
Description: 

Two brothers (companions) live In the epoch of the creation. One of them is smart and selfconfident, another is weak and makes mistakes. They are not enemies and demonstrate their qualities in two or more episodes




Motif

m73a


Name_eng: 
Exchanged excrements
Description: 

Two (animal) persons compare their feces (with different purpose). One of them gets to exchange them




Motif

a28


Name_eng: 
The smart Sun and the unwise Moon
Description: 

The Sun and the Moon are men. The unwise Moon tries to repeat dangerous tricks of the Sun but fails to do it successfully




Motif

j4a


Name_eng: 
Revenge for the death of the mother
Description: 

A woman is murdered. Her son or children (rare: grandchildren, nephews) revenge for her death




Motif

j1


Name_eng: 
The vengeful heroes
Description: 

Persons avenge the death of their father, mother or other relatives who are one (rare two) generations older than they




Motif

m6a


Name_eng: 
Overnight with the fire in the forest
Description: 

A person spends a night in the forest. One of the forest dwellers has fire. After the person does something wrong, this fire is lost





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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Wayana, Aparai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Mataco
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Tundra Nenets
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Warao
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Arnhem Land: Enindhilyagwa (Groote Eilandt), KuTiwi, Yulengor, Mara, Oenpelli, Murngin, Roper River, Maung, Murinbata, Murngin (Duwal), Millingimbi, Goulburn Island, Ngulugwongga, Yirrkalla, Voctoria River Downs, Alawa, Anu, Kunwinjku
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Canela (Eastern Timbira): Ramkokamekra, Apaniekra
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Kets
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Juang
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
Yuma proper (Quechan), Mohave, Maricopa
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Kamayura

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Wayapi, Emerillon
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Urubu (Urubu-Kaapor)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Bolivian Guarani: Chiriguano (including assimilated Chane Arawaks), Pauserna (=Guarasu), Guarayu, Tapiete
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Xipaya (Shipaya)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Chacobo
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Tenetehara
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Mundurucu, Curuaia
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Yagua
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Tupinamba
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Mehinaku, Waura, Yaulapiti