Linked Motifs

Motif	Name	Description
e11	The burned skin	Magic person reveals his true nature and/or remains with the real people after the object responsible for preserving the non-human appearance (usually an animal skin) is destroyed (usually burned)
e9h	Dove-wife	A man marries dove-woman
e9j	Monkey-wife	Man marries monkey-woman; supernatural woman takes form of a monkey or the man pretends that the house-keeper is a monkey
j32	To identify the night thief	Some valuables (foals, hay, apples, etc.) are regularly stolen. Nobody (the elder brothers) is able to catch the thief and only the hero (the younger brother) finds who it is
j32a	To guard father’s grave	Before passing away a man asks his sons to guard his grave for a certain time or to bring something to his grave. The youngest son goes and obtains valuables
j32a	To guard father’s grave	Before passing away a man asks his sons to guard his grave for a certain time or to bring something to his grave. The youngest son goes and obtains valuables
j32e	The new-born foals stolen	Every foal to which a mare gives birth is immediately stolen. The hero identifies the thief
j62c	Sister asks her brother to obtain impossible	To get rid of a young man, his female antagonist uses a stratagem. She tells his sister (rare: tells directly him) about some wonderful objects and the girl is overcome with the desire to have them. An attempt to obtain these objects entails a risk for one’s life. The youth sets off to obtain the objects
k113a	To take wife where arrow falls	A young man shoots an arrow or throws an object on the off-chance He finds the girl to be married or something that helps to obtain her at the place where his arrow (other object) falls
k123a	A broken vessel	A youth breaks or overthrows a vessel of a woman or girl. This episode is a trigger for the narrative
k157	Robbers killed one by one	Person tricks his enemies to leave their enclosure one by one and cuts off their head as soon as the next one appears before him. In rare cases the multi-headed enemy thrusts his heads on by one and the hero cuts them off
k159	Peas poured under the feet	When two persons are fighting, somebody wants one of them fall (while another be firm on his feet) and for this throws something under his feet
k27z7a	One who gets to know an intimate secret should die	Person is going to kill anyone who gets to know why he punished his former wife so brutally
k32g	Punishment: torn apart by horses	To punish an antagonist, he or she is tied to a horse (camel, bull) and dragged or he or she is torn apart (usually by horses)
k32g1	Forty horses or forty knives?	Person is asked to choose between objects that have utilitarian value, often forty (seven, etc.) horses or forty knives. Usually the person does not understand that the question is about different kinds of execution
k60c	Touchy with king, patient with stableman	King’s wife is extremely touchy and cannot suffer a slightest pain. She does not say a word, however, when her lover who is a servant or a demon is beating her
k72	Three maidens	Powerful person listens in conversation of three (rare: two or four) women. Each of them tells what she would do if the person marries her. One promises to bear his son (children) who would have wonderful qualities, two others promise to practice some kind of work or (more rare) marry people of lower status
k73	Children of the youngest wife	A young woman promises to bear a wonderful children (wonderful son). In her husband's absence other people (co-wives, mother-in-law, etc.) try to kill the mother and/or the child, usually slandering the young woman
k73a	Baby child substituted with object or animal	Hostile women substitute baby of the newly made mother with an animal or an object (inform the baby’s father that his wife has given birth to an animal or an object)
k73a4	Baby child substituted with a pup	Hostile women substitute baby of the newly made mother with a pup (inform the baby’s father that his wife has given birth to a pup)
k73a8	The wonderful children: brother and sister	Woman gives birth to wonderful boy and girl. Being substituted with animals or objects and thrown away, they survive and triumph over their enemies
k73b	Innocent woman punished	A woman who was falsely accused of killing her new-born child or giving birth to pups and the like is punished in such a way that she must suffer from filth and be taunted by passers by
k74a	Only the hero gets to overcome the demon whose track he then follows	Every time a demon commits an outrage upon one of the men who remains at home. When it is the hero’s turn, he overcomes the demon and follows his track to his world
k96	Fifty sons	Many brothers marry or have to marry in such a way that all their wives are (were) sisters
l108	The wolf and the kids	An (animal) person gives a signal (special song, etc.) to his relative or friend who lets him or her in. Antagonist imitates the person's voice or guise and the relative lets him in
l108a	Goat kills the antagonist	A predator animal (ogre, ogress) swallows people or animals. The goat (rare: the sheep) punishes him or her and usually saves the victims (most often opens the ogre’s belly open and the swallowed ones come out alive)
l39	Hero is compelled to descend from a tree	When a person climbs a tree, a demon comes to it and carries the person away, or the person follows the demon to his world by his own will
l39c	Quickly grown fruit tree	A boy (rare: girl) climbs a fruit tree that is recently grown up (usually from a seed thrown by the boy) to eat fruits. An ogress tries to make him (her) descend to the ground
l39d	To pass an apple from hand to hand	A boy climbs a tree to eat fruits. A demon asks him to share the fruits with her (him) but not to throw them to the ground but give them from hand to hand. The demon grabs the boy and carries him away
m29b1	The wolf is a failure	Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the wolf suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
n20	They attained their desires	Closing formula of the folktale: the teller says that the characters attained their desires, goals and/or happiness or that God satisfied their desires

Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Portuguese
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition: Algeria Arabs
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: NE Tibetans (Amdo)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Dungan of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Turkmen
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Uyghur
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Kazan (Middle Volga) Tatars
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Kirghiz
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Mari (Cheremis)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition: Salars

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition: Uzbek
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Yagnobi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Tajik
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition: Anatolia Turks
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Bashkirs
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition: Persians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Buryats: Western (Cis-Baikal)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Kazakh
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Armenians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition: Avar, Andi, Karata, Akhvakh