Ancient Italy: Latins, Etruscans, Magna Graecia



Tradition title rus: 
Древняя Италия: латиняне; этруски, Великая Греция
Areal ID: 
3.4.1.2
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
110.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
73.00

Linked Motifs

MotifNameDescription
a19cThe sun horse The Sun is associated with a horseman or rides in a cart driven by horses (equids)
a19cThe sun horse The Sun is associated with a horseman or rides in a cart driven by horses (equids)
a19c1The sun cartThe sun or the moon moves in a cart or sledge
a23aWho will see the Sun first?Two persons or animals argue about who of them will be the first to see the rising sun. One who seemed to have less chances wins
a23bFirst beams on the tree topsTwo persons or animals argue who will see the rising sun first. One who got to see not the sun itself but its reflection or the first beams on trees or mountain tops wins
a2aThe sun is a source of distructive heatThe world was or will be (almost) burned when several suns had (will) appear(ed) simultaneously; or the only sun was too hot (or bright)
a2cExtra suns are children of the present oneExtra suns who almost burned or could burn the world are children of the present one
a2c1The Sun abandons his marriage plansThe Sun plans to have children. One of the animals sais that if the Sun (marries and) has children, the earth will burn. The Sun has to abandon his plans.
a3Male sun and female moonThe Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male
a42Phaethon: false Sun fails to fulfill his dutyPerson comes to the sun, attempts to fulfill the sun's duty but intentionally or because of a lack of skill does it wrong and the earth suffers from heat etc. (Cf. Earth burned because the bearer of the sun came too low, Boas 2002: 664)
b2aThe female earthThe earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman
b33aPerson dies of cold in the springWhen it becomes warm, a person or animal (bird) decides that the winter is over (most often an old woman goes to graze her animals) but dies of cold or the animals that had been deiven to the pasture die
b42nOrion is one personConstellation of Orion or the Belt of Orion is identified with only one male person, usually with a warrior or hunter
b42pUrsa major is a bearUrsa major is identified with a bear
b42pUrsa major is a bearUrsa major is identified with a bear
b42qUrsa major is a carriageUrsa major is identified with a carriage, a cart
b42tUrsa major is a big mammalSeven main stars of Ursa major are interpreted as a figure of a mammal: bear, deer, mountain sheep, camel, dog
b85bBag of windsWind was or is in a particular enclosure (bag, cave, etc.). It was released from it or comes out from time to time
b87AlcorAlcor (a weak star near the second star of the handle of the Big Dipper) is selected as a particular sky object
b87cAlcor is a riderAlcor (a weak star near Mizar, the second star of the Big Dipper’s handle) is a rider, a driver
b98The bat between birds and animalsBat (rare: ostrich) makes attempts to join sometimes animals and sometime birds or is excluded from both categories
b98aBat becomes an outcastThe bat becomes an outcast among other creatures (usually after it makes attempts to join first animals and then birds or vice versa)
c2Deluge and conflagration combinedInhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water
c32c (motif is not in the correlation table)Beware of cut off nailsThe cut off nails (and hair) have special significance for the fate of the soul in the beyond or for the future of the entire world
c35Cosmic marriage cancelled It becomes known that if the Sun or the Sky marry, great calamity is inevitable. The marriage plans are given up
c35bFrog is the enemy of the SunThe frog (toad) prevents situation in which more than one Sun there were in the sky
c36The final battleGods fight with their powerful adversaries at the decisive battle that changes fate of the world
d1Female spirit of fireFire is personified as an (elder) woman, alone or with her husband, master of fire
d1bMale spirit of fireThe fire is personified as an elder man (alone or with his wife, mistress of fire)
f101The rival woman tries to prevent the heroine to give birthUsing magic, the rival woman tries to prevent the heroine to give birth
f14Son of a man and a rockHero is born by a rock that was impregnated by a man
f14aBirth from a rockAnthropomorphic person appears from a rock, is born by a it
f35aFeeding with the kin’s meatPerson does not know that he or she eats or cooks the meat of the member of his or her household (blood relation, more rare a spouse or servant) or serves it to his or her friends, or uses her or his bones for everyday needs, or slowly kills him ort her
f57Persephone picks a flowerA girl or her father (rare: mother) picks a plant (usually a flower) and because of this encounters a person who has non-human guise and/or is related to the underworld. The girl marries him. In some cases the flower is the person’s hair but more often it’s not so
g2The return of PersephonePerson who is the incarnation of fertility and life first disappears and then (reriodically) returns
g25Cereals spilled over the earthSeeds of cereals have been spilled over the earth, now people cultivate them
h12The alive person comes to the land of the dead after somebody’s deathThe alive person comes to the land of the dead to bring back somebody who has recently died (besides stories about shamans who journey to the other world to bring back the soul of a sick person) or, having no particular aim, goes there in company of somebody who had recently died or following his or her tracks
h12cOrpheus: to return the dead wifeHusband follows his dead wife to the other world but is unable to bring her back or succeeds to do it but loses her once again
h4The shed skinThose who change their skin become young again
h5People and snakesReptiles or invertebrates possess the medicine of immortality; are contrasted with men as immortal with mortals and/or are responsible for originating of death; or a snake's bite inflicts the first death
h54bThe glance of deathPerson’s glance brings death (and destruction)
h7The personified DeathDeath (also Old Age, Disease, etc.) is a particular person not identical with the Master of the Dead. He kills people usually carrying away their souls
i100The Pleiades are girlsThe Pleiades are a group of girls or women (with children)
i103The dog starSirius is associated with a dog or a wolf
i110Night sky agriculturalistsConstellation are interpreted as agricultural tools or people occupied with agricultural works (mostly ploughing and haymaking)
i110aThe star ploughOrion (rare: other constellation) is a plough
i114The golden fleeceA ram (lamn, sheep) who has golden fleece or the skin of such a ram is described
i131The thread of lifeLife of every man is related to certain thread. When the thread is cut, the man dies
i13cSnake’s crownReptiles possess treasure which a person gets or tries to get. Usually it is a crown, jewel or small horns on the snake's head
i22Objects in permanent movementThere are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)
i22gClapping rocksThere are mountains or rocks which permanently collide and separate again from each other or a crack (jaws) in a vertical cliff which is opening and closing
i35a1Challenge to Thunder-godPerson claims to be equal to the sky god, imitating him or mocking upon him
i35a1aInsulting the GodPerson claims to be equal to the high god, imitating him, mocking upon him or making attempt to kill him
i35cGod the craftsmanOne of mythological characters using his skills in crafts creates for the first time tools and valuable cultural and natural objects; is a patron of craftsmen (usually of blacksmiths)
i40Rainbow bowRainbow is a bow
i41bRainbow drinks waterRainbow drinks (soaks up) water
i46aOld woman’s rainbowRainbow is associated with an old woman
i48Confined to the underworldCertain person loses his or her freedom, is confined to a far away place (often, to the underworld) and acquires cosmic dimensions: supports the earth or the sky and/or his or her movements produce earthquakes or (rare) storms
i61Milk on the Milky WayMilky Way is a trace of spilled milk
i61aMilky Way is a beltMilky Way is the belt of the sky
i65Milky Way of the deadMilky Way is the path over which souls travel to the beyond or a path of the funeral procession
i82aVenus is maleMorning and/or Evening Star is a male personage
i82bVenus is femaleMorning and/or Evening Star is a female personage
i8gAtlasOne giant supports the earth or the sky
j25cBaby brought up by the she-wolfA she-wolf brings up an abandoned baby boy. He becomesan illustrious leader
j26Babies come out of the waterBaby heroes, embryos or objects from which they emerge are found in a river or lake or come to people out of the water
j62People turned into stonesPerson transforms people who come to him or her into inanimate objects, usually stones
j62bTransformed into animals disenchantedPerson transforms people who come to him or her into animals. Thanks to the hero, victims are disenchanted
j62b1The mistress of an island transforms men into animalsThe sorceress who lives an island transforms men into animals
k100iStrong person who is made drunk is deprives of his strengthWhen mighty person or animal loses his strength (self-control) after being made drunk he recognizes the superiority of the alcoholic intoxication over him
k102a2Conflict between mother and son Mother tries to kill her son (children) because he interferes with her love affair
k16To get access to a girl in guise of a bird or an animalDisguised as a bird, small animal or insect, a man penetrates into the place of a girl (into her father’s house)
k164Wife is not the best friendA man himself or somebody else creates situation that demonstrates that his wife is not his best friend. Often a treacherous wife is contrasted with a true dog
k17The ornitomorphic suitorAn ornitomorphic hero impregnates a girl magically or imperceptibly for her
k179Bride purchased for her weight in goldAn object (usually the bride) purchased for the sum of money equivalent (or bigger) than its weight in gold (silver) or a heap of valuables as high as the corresponding person
k25Magic wifeA man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world
k25a6Magic wife does not forgive the unfaithfulness of the manA wife from the non-human world agrees to live with the mortal man but abandons him when he becomes unfaithful to her (when he visits his mortal wife)
k27wMonster brought by the hero kills the task-giverTask-giver asks to bring him dangerous being or object possessed by a moster or deity. Hero fulfills the task. The beast, monster, deity or the object itself kills the task-giver
k27wMonster brought by the hero kills the task-giverTask-giver asks to bring him dangerous being or object possessed by a moster or deity. Hero fulfills the task. The beast, monster, deity or the object itself kills the task-giver
k38d1A girl sacrificed to a dragonTo appease a water monster (water spirits, gods) or to put an end to the drought or flood, a girl is sacrificed or descends into the water by her own will
k38fThe dragon-slayerA reptile monster demands humans (usually virgins) as a sacrifice or abducts a girl or closes sources of water. Hero kills him. Monster’s victims do not play an active part in the plot
k38f5Fire-breathing horseFrom the mouth of a horse fire is coming ot the horse itself is of fire
k64Escape from Polyphemos’ cavePerson gets into dwelling of master of animals or monstrous shepherd. The host can kill him. The hero escapes sticking to hair of one of the animals who are going out
k64bObject sticks to personHero's adversary provokes him to touch an object that proves to be sticky. The hero sticks to it, sometimes has to cut off his finger
k80cThe cranes of IbycusPerson becomes a victim of a murder. Just before dying he or she calls on some birds (celestial bodies, animals, plants, etc.) to bear witness for the crime. Getting to see these birds (this plant, the Sun, the Moon, etc.) the murderer reveals himself without thinking. Or the birds, being the only witnesses, bring the investigators to the murderers.
k80c4Mute witnesses of the crimeIn a deserted place, a man kills another. After some time he is exposed thanks to circumstances and facts that do not seem important and do not report on the crime directly (the victim’s last words; objects or live beings that were or appeared on the place of the murder). (All texts that contain motifs K80c, K80c1, K80c3, K80c4, also contain a more general motif K80c4)
l130One eye for three personsTwo or more persons have only one eye for all
l15gA burned piece of wood (Meleagros)Life of a man depends on an object that can be burned. He dies as soon as the object is burned
l16bEyes on the bodyAll the body of a person is covered with eyes
l17Face on breastThere is a headless anthropomorphic being who has eyes and/or mouth on his or her breast
l17bTwo facesPerson or creature has another face (another mouth) on the back of his (her, its) head
l23ProteusPerson gets hold of another. Trying to free himself, the latter turns into different materials, elements, animals or (Urarina and Setebo) orders different dangerous creature to attack the person
l23dMetamorphosis of the caught female personBeing seized by a person, a female person turns into different materials, elements or animals (Urarina and Setebo: sends different dangerous creature to attack the one who caught her)
l23eMetamorphosis of the caught male personBeing seized by a person, a male person turns into different materials, elements or animals
m116Wisdom of hidden old man saves kingdomPeople are ordered to kill their fathers or (rare) mothers (the Nyoro: to deprive them of power and property; the Baluch: not to take them setting off for the journey). An old man concealed by his son helps to resolve difficult problem
m13The short-sighted wish is grantedSome person makes a wish not taking in mind that his words can have other meaning or accidentally replacing one word with another. As a result, something quite undesirable takes place
m143Fox in a wellGetting into a well or pit and being unable to climb out animal person tricks another to descend and thanks to this gets out while the second person remains below
m153Letter on the hoofThe wolf (lion, etc.) is going to eat a horse (mule, etc.). The horse asks him to look at his hoof (for different reasons) or eat him from his hindquarters forward; then he kicks him
m168More cowardly than the hareThe hare is in despair because he is afraid of all creatures but is delighted when he sees other animals (sheep, frogs, dusks) being afraid of him
m169Medicine for the sick lionIn the presence of powerful person one of his subjects is plotting against the other. The other answers that the problem can be resolved if the first one would be maimed (usually a part of his body used as a medicine). The schemer is killed or injured
m180Fox and crane invite each otherAn animal person invites another and serves his food in such a way that he is unable to taste it. Then the other invites the first animal and puts him in similar situation
m202Thorn removed from lion’s pawPerson removes a thorn from the paw (bone from the throat) of a strong and dangerous animal or a demon, the animal (demon) is grateful
m27Coming back from the skyA tree or a chain of reeds by which people have ascended to the sky is destroyed. On their way back they fall to the ground. Some of them remain in the sky for ever or longer than others
m29bTrickster-fox, jackal or coyoteIn episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote
m29w3The lion is a failure Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the lion suffers a reverse, is injured or dies
m45cTo plant the boiled tubersPerson gives advice that the right way to plant seeds or tubers is to cook them before
m75b3The Trojan Horse: victory over enemiesA life-size or larger than life-size figure of a horse or a bull is demonstrated to enemies. They do not understand that this is a stratagem and carry the figure to their territory. As a result, the invasion becomes possible and the enemies are defeated
m90a5The golden applesGolden fruits (in rare cases only leaves) of a certain tree are mentioned in tail. Usually these are golden apples
n27The milk of birdsBird’s (hen’s) milk is mentioned in fairy tales, riddles and proverbs as something very rare and difficult to obtain
n27aYou can find even bird’s milk there!It is said that somewhere there is (or was) even bird’s milk


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