Aztec; Aztec and Teotihuacan iconography



Tradition title rus: 
Ацтеки; иконография ацтеков и Теотиуакана
Areal ID: 
14.1.2.2
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
76.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
70.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a3


Name_eng: 
Male sun and female moon
Description: 

The Moon is female or bisexual, the Sun is male




Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a14


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: relations between the Sun and the Moon
Description: 

Coming together of the Sun and the Moon is the reason of their eclipses




Motif

a16


Name_eng: 
Dangers along the Sun’s way
Description: 

Every night the Sun passes by creatures or objects which try to destroy them




Motif

a22


Name_eng: 
To the sky from a bonfire
Description: 

After getting into the fire or boiling water, one or two persons ascend to the sky and turn into the Sun and/or Moon




Motif

a22a


Name_eng: 
The hot Sun and its cold companion
Description: 

After two persons burn up, one turns into the present Sun and another into a less important sky object




Motif

a22b


Name_eng: 
Hot fire and cold ashes
Description: 

Person who becomes the Sun burned up in a hot fire while his companion burned up in the less hot fire or threw himself into the ashes. He (she) turns into the Moon or a star which gives no warmth




Motif

a22c


Name_eng: 
Person sacrificed to the Sun
Description: 

To make the Sun rise above the horizon, to send him to the right distance from the earth, to make him move across the sky, etc. a person has to be sacrificed




Motif

a23


Name_eng: 
Elections of the Sun to be
Description: 

The primeval ancestors come together to choose the best candidate to become the Sun and/or to send the Sun to the sky or to see how the Sun rises to the sky for the first time




Motif

a24


Name_eng: 
The first sunrise
Description: 

In the beginning it is dark. When the Sun first appears on the sky, primeval beings or part of them perish or turn into animals, spirits, stones




Motif

a32


Name_eng: 
Figure on lunar disc
Description: 

A figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)




Motif

a32a


Name_eng: 
The Moon rabbit
Description: 

Rabbit or hare are seen in the moon




Motif

b2a


Name_eng: 
The female earth
Description: 

The earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman




Motif

b2b


Name_eng: 
The earth eats the dead
Description: 

The earth devours bodies of the people when they die and are buried




Motif

b2e


Name_eng: 
The male earth
Description: 

The earth or the world as a whole is a male person (alone or together with a female person)




Motif

b23


Name_eng: 
Prohibited fire and smoke
Description: 

God prohibits making fire for cooking and punishes breakers of this taboo




Motif

b40


Name_eng: 
Rabbit as deer’s proxy
Description: 

Hare or rabbit is a false deer or it was deer in the past or a close kin of the deer or had horns or antlers or missed opportunity to get them, its ears are the false horns




Motif

b43


Name_eng: 
Purusha
Description: 

Parts of the body of the primeval person or creature are transformed into different elements of the landscape and parts of the universe




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

b77a


Name_eng: 
Giant pushed the sky up
Description: 

One or several (animal)-persons push sky up to its present height




Motif

b86


Name_eng: 
Babylonian tower
Description: 

To reach the sky (the Sun, Moon, particular star), people build a ladder or tower that consists of separate modules (bricks, logs, sticks, etc.). This construction collapses




Motif

c2


Name_eng: 
Deluge and conflagration combined
Description: 

Inhabitans of the Middle World are (partly) destroyed (or will be destoyed) once by fire or draught, another time by a flood or the world is destroyed with a flood of fire or boiling water




Motif

c14


Name_eng: 
Monsters destroy people
Description: 

During or before the world catastrophe (deluge, darkness) wild beasts and monsters attack and destroy people




Motif

d1b


Name_eng: 
Male spirit of fire
Description: 

The fire is personified as an elder man (alone or with his wife, mistress of fire)




Motif

d5


Name_eng: 
Woman as the owner of the fire
Description: 

Female person is the owner or inventor (but not the personification) of the fire




Motif

e3


Name_eng: 
New people from bones
Description: 

After destruction of previous world, new people (rare: new earth) are made from the bones of the perished race




Motif

e5a


Name_eng: 
Mankind ascends from the underworld
Description: 

The first people (or only the first men or the first women) are not created but come to earth from the underworld (from a cave) or from a small enclosure under the earth or on its surface (tree trunk, rock, gourd, etc.). Many people of both sexes and of different ages or people and different species of animals come out together




Motif

e5b


Name_eng: 
First couple from the underworld
Description: 

First man (a group of brothers) or first human couple come out from the underworld (a cave) or from a small enclosure on its surface (tussock, reed, tree, rock, gourd)




Motif

e17


Name_eng: 
Origin of design
Description: 

Humans acquire (the idea of) ornamentation of the vessels, baskets, body, etc. or the idea of the system of signs after somebody gets to see the pattern on the body of zoomorphic and/or supernatural creature




Motif

f9


Name_eng: 
A dangerous woman
Description: 

For different reasons, sexual contact with a woman is deadly dangerous for a man




Motif

f9a


Name_eng: 
Vagina dentata
Description: 

There are teeth, blades or sharp stones in woman’s genitals, vagina is the biting mouth. (Only texts that are believed to correspond to reality are considered but not anecdotes and jokes)




Motif

f9c


Name_eng: 
Snake in vagina
Description: 

Snake (Pacific snake-eel in Polynesia) is in vagina; around the woman's thighs; vagina is a mouth of a snake; a woman with toothed vagina is associated with a snake; a snake crawls out of woman's mouth to bite off the man’s penis during the copulation




Motif

f17


Name_eng: 
Misplaced genitalia
Description: 

Originally, humans had (had to have; can have under some special confition) their genitals not on the place where they are now; the genitals were absent, or people did not know know their function and used for copulation other parts of the body




Motif

g3


Name_eng: 
A rock of crops
Description: 

Cultivated plants or fertile soil to plant them are hidden inside a rock. Birds or Thunders get them destroying the rock




Motif

g4


Name_eng: 
A food mountain
Description: 

Cultivated plants are found above or inside a mountain




Motif

g6


Name_eng: 
Primeval tree
Description: 

One of the trees is the principal, original one (emerged before all the other; ancestor of wild or cultivated plants; ocean or rivers inside it; world axis; higher than all the others; overshadows sky)




Motif

g16


Name_eng: 
Ants find cultivated plants
Description: 

Ants are the first who find cultivated plants (corn or manioc) which are concealed from the others in particular place




Motif

g23


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into many objects
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)




Motif

g23a


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into plants
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different plants, mostly edible or cultivated




Motif

h13


Name_eng: 
Dead person is returned and revives
Description: 

Person comes to the land of the dead and brings back somebody who has recently died or brings his remains. The dead one becomes alive and lives normal life (for some time)




Motif

h24e


Name_eng: 
To choose life or death
Description: 

People are suggested to choose one of two objects, associated with life and death. They choose the object with death




Motif

i7


Name_eng: 
The cloud serpent
Description: 

A flying reptile produces rain, thunderstorm




Motif

i8e1


Name_eng: 
Four supports of the world
Description: 

The sky or the earth rests upon four or five (cardinal points and the center) supports of any kind (poles, mountains, giants)




Motif

i9


Name_eng: 
Colors of the cardinal directions
Description: 

Four cardinal directions and/or some objects associated with them are associated with different colors




Motif

i11


Name_eng: 
Cosmic turtle or toad
Description: 

A turtle, toad, or frog supports the earth (sky) or is its embodiment




Motif

i12


Name_eng: 
The world axis
Description: 

A tree or post pierces and unites different layers of the universe




Motif

i13a


Name_eng: 
The horned serpent
Description: 

Giant water-chthonic or sky serpent or dragon has horns or antlers on its head




Motif

i13b


Name_eng: 
A horned snake
Description: 

Snake of natural size has horns on its head




Motif

i14


Name_eng: 
No-anus people
Description: 

Person or creature has no anus opening




Motif

i16


Name_eng: 
Body anomalies of the first people
Description: 

First human beings have no mouth, anus or genitals, their women do not know how to give birth




Motif

i22


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent movement
Description: 

There are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)




Motif

i27


Name_eng: 
Chthonic canine
Description: 

A dog is the lord, guard or guide of/to the land of the dead; or dogs live on the way to the land of the dead




Motif

i27b


Name_eng: 
Dog as a ferryman
Description: 

A dog ferries person across a river that forms a border between the worlds




Motif

i32


Name_eng: 
Tree of the babies
Description: 

There is (or was) a tree on which souls of still unborn babies grow, which leaves transform into people, or which trunk is covered with female breasts or flowers that innumerable babies are sucking




Motif

i62


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a river
Description: 

Milky Way is a sky river, water body, chain of beings that swim




Motif

i72


Name_eng: 
Stars are people
Description: 

Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)




Motif

i75


Name_eng: 
World ages
Description: 

Before present world, several (two or more) other worlds or races of people existed




Motif

i77


Name_eng: 
The lame thunder
Description: 

Powerful person connected with thunder and rain is lame (usually after falling down from the sky)




Motif

i82a


Name_eng: 
Venus is male
Description: 

Morning and/or Evening Star is a male personage




Motif

i111


Name_eng: 
The earth is a reptile
Description: 

The earth is the body of a crocodile or a dragon




Motif

l18


Name_eng: 
Multi-headed bird
Description: 

A bird with two or more heads on top of one body is described in tales or represented in art




Motif

l46


Name_eng: 
Head downward
Description: 

Person ascends, descends, walks head downward or sees the world upside down




Motif

l78


Name_eng: 
Toad-jaguar
Description: 

Mixed traits of toad and jaguar in iconography; a toad or frog transforms into a jaguar; a toad or frog is a jaguar's mother or wife




Motif

m8


Name_eng: 
Breaking the obstacle
Description: 

Non-human persons work hard to destroy a strong and durable obstacle that blocks access to some place or object




Motif

m47


Name_eng: 
Head put to bottoms
Description: 

Punishing a person or animal or restoring his or its body after its disin­teg­ration, a powerful being intentionally or by chance puts head to bottoms




Motif

m57b


Name_eng: 
Sweat of the Sun and tears of the Moon
Description: 

Beads or metals are discharged by bodies of deities




Motif

l74


Name_eng: 
The returned hand
Description: 

A bear or other dangerous being tears off and carries away a hand of a person and holds it at his sleeping place. Another person steals the hand, gives it back to the owner




Motif

h34g


Name_eng: 
One grain porridge
Description: 

One cereal grain (cob, etc.) is enough to prepare a meal




Motif

c1


Name_eng: 
The collapse of the sky
Description: 

Catastropic displacement of layers of the univers in the past or in the future is mentioned. Among variants (sometimes combined):
the sky fell on the earth; the earth (the underworld) and the sky interchanged their positions; the earth turned upside down; the layers of the universe collapsed in one after another; they will change their place during the future cataclysm




Motif

l19a


Name_eng: 
Beings with even number of heads
Description: 

Beings (any besides birds) with even but not more than ten number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. Beings that with even number of heads named in a row with other multi-headed beings and the highest number is even or bigger than ten are not considered




Motif

i8e


Name_eng: 
Four men at the cardinal points
Description: 

Four (or eight) anthropomorphic male persons support the earth or the sky or are placed at the four cardinal points




Motif

a1


Name_eng: 
The old sun
Description: 

Another sun, usually less benevolent and/or powerful, existed before the present one




Motif

i22e


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent move on the way of the dead
Description: 

On their way to the Beyond, souls of the dead must get between clashing rocks or other moving obstacles




Motif

i22g


Name_eng: 
Clapping rocks
Description: 

There are mountains or rocks which permanently collide and separate again from each other or a crack (jaws) in a vertical cliff which is opening and closing




Motif

a14a


Name_eng: 
The conflict between the Sun and the Moon
Description: 

The Sun and the Moon are or were enemies, either permanently or in particular situations




Motif

f9e1


Name_eng: 
Dangerous animal in vagina
Description: 

Woman is dangerous because biting or stinging animal or animals is (are) inside her genitals (and not only the head of such an animal)





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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Huastec (Teenek)
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Tequistlatec
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Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
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Chol; pre-Columbian Mayan iconography
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
Kekchi; Mopan
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 2 Tradition:
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