Gilbert Islands (Kiribati), Nauru, Banaba (Ocean island)



Tradition title rus: 
О-ва Гилберта (Кирибати), Науру, Банаба (Оушен); о-ва Токелау
Areal ID: 
7.2.5.7
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
89.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
59.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a4


Name_eng: 
Female sun
Description: 

The Sun is female, the Moon is male or (more rare) also female




Motif

a5


Name_eng: 
The Sun and the Moon are males
Description: 

The Moon is male, the Sun is also male or (much more rare) asexual




Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a17


Name_eng: 
The Sun’s relax at the midday
Description: 

After passing half of the its way across the sky (in the day time) or in the underworld (in the night time), the Sun stops to have a rest




Motif

a21


Name_eng: 
Luminaries are objects fixed in the sky
Description: 

The sun and/or the moon are inanimate objects thrown up to the sky or fixed in the sky




Motif

a32


Name_eng: 
Figure on lunar disc
Description: 

A figure or an imprint of some being or object are seen in the Moon. (For statistical analysis motifs A32A – A32J are also included into A32)




Motif

a32d


Name_eng: 
Man in the Moon
Description: 

Human being or imprint of human being is seen in the moon




Motif

a32k


Name_eng: 
First to the Sun, then to the Moob
Description: 

Person seen in the Moon initially had to get to the Sun or the Sun and the Moon argue who of them should get the person




Motif

a38


Name_eng: 
The Sun caught in snare
Description: 

Person prepares a snare, loop, noose, etc. to catch the Sun and/or the Sun is caught in a snare, tied by a rope, etc.




Motif

a46


Name_eng: 
The Sun and Moon emerge from the eyes of a being
Description: 

The Sun and Moon (Rig-Veda: the Sun only) appear from eyes of an anthropomorphic being




Motif

b2a


Name_eng: 
The female earth
Description: 

The earth is a female person (alone or together with a male person); she is female being or associated with a woman




Motif

b3a


Name_eng: 
Primeval waters
Description: 

Water is the original element, the dry earth appears later




Motif

b43


Name_eng: 
Purusha
Description: 

Parts of the body of the primeval person or creature are transformed into different elements of the landscape and parts of the universe




Motif

b77


Name_eng: 
Primeval sky close to earth
Description: 

Originally the sky was close to the earth, then it has risen up




Motif

b77a


Name_eng: 
Giant pushed the sky up
Description: 

One or several (animal)-persons push sky up to its present height




Motif

b77c


Name_eng: 
Serpent pushes sky up
Description: 

Serpent-like creature pushes the sky far away from the earth




Motif

c25b


Name_eng: 
A spinner in the Moon
Description: 

In the sky, on the Moon (rare: on the Sun), i.e. somewhere outside of our world certain person is spinning, weaving, plaiting, or embroidering




Motif

d4a


Name_eng: 
Theft of fire
Description: 

Fire is stolen from its original owner or brought back to the people from somebody who had stolen it before




Motif

e32


Name_eng: 
People born from trees
Description: 

First people are born by trees or come out of a tree, flower, reed




Motif

f7


Name_eng: 
The water-maiden
Description: 

Man takes or attempts to take a wife who is connected with the underwater world (fish, crab, snake, water animal and the like)




Motif

f8


Name_eng: 
Women and men come together
Description: 

Initially women and men live apart from each other. Later they meet each other and become to live together




Motif

f9


Name_eng: 
A dangerous woman
Description: 

For different reasons, sexual contact with a woman is deadly dangerous for a man




Motif

f9c


Name_eng: 
Snake in vagina
Description: 

Snake (Pacific snake-eel in Polynesia) is in vagina; around the woman's thighs; vagina is a mouth of a snake; a woman with toothed vagina is associated with a snake; a snake crawls out of woman's mouth to bite off the man’s penis during the copulation




Motif

f49


Name_eng: 
The abnormal birth
Description: 

Cesarean operation upon a woman at childbirth as a custom




Motif

f97


Name_eng: 
The prohibited fruit: origin of sex
Description: 

After eating certain fruit, berry, tuber, etc. people become sexually aware




Motif

f99


Name_eng: 
Baby copulates with his mother
Description: 

A baby son turns into an adult man, copulates with his mother, then acquires his baby guise




Motif

g8


Name_eng: 
Restored tree
Description: 

A deep notch in the tree (or in the sky support) is magically restored as soon as persons or creatures who cut or gnaw it stop working




Motif

g8b


Name_eng: 
Cutting tree to get a person
Description: 

Person hides in a tree. Somebody tries to fell it but the notch disappears and the tree becomes intact




Motif

g20


Name_eng: 
Woman turns into plants
Description: 

Food crops emerge from remains of a woman or girl




Motif

g21


Name_eng: 
Coconut palm from a human head
Description: 

Coconut palm grows out of the human head




Motif

g23


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into many objects
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different objects or creatures (only etiological narratives are considered)




Motif

g23a


Name_eng: 
Alive being turns into plants
Description: 

Person or creature is transformed. Separate parts of its (his, her) body give origin to different plants, mostly edible or cultivated




Motif

h6b


Name_eng: 
The life-medicine spilled on plants
Description: 

The life-medicine is accidentally spilled not on men but on plants which become evergreen, capable for regeneration or producing fruits




Motif

h56


Name_eng: 
The prohibited fruit (origin of death)
Description: 

After eating certain fruit, berry, tuber, etc. people become mortal (cf. motif F97: people become sexually aware)




Motif

i1


Name_eng: 
The thunderbirds
Description: 

Creatures that produce rain and/or thunderstorms are birds or anthropomorphic beings with wings; or (rare) some or all birds are connected with thunder, lightning or rain though Thunder is not a bird




Motif

i7


Name_eng: 
The cloud serpent
Description: 

A flying reptile produces rain, thunderstorm




Motif

i8e1


Name_eng: 
Four supports of the world
Description: 

The sky or the earth rests upon four or five (cardinal points and the center) supports of any kind (poles, mountains, giants)




Motif

i33


Name_eng: 
Tree of the dead
Description: 

The ultimate aim of the afterlife journey is to reach certain tree




Motif

i43a


Name_eng: 
The celestial monster
Description: 

Giant reptilian monster (serpent, more rare fish, chain of fish) extends in the sky and/or supports the sky being associated with Milky Way or the rainbow




Motif

i43b


Name_eng: 
Milky Way is a serpent or fish
Description: 

Milky Way is a reptile, fish, or chain of fish




Motif

i72


Name_eng: 
Stars are people
Description: 

Stars are people, ghosts, anthropomorphic beings (interpretations of unique star objects like Venus or Polaris as persons not considered)




Motif

i104


Name_eng: 
Stars are fragments
Description: 

Stars are fragments of a bigger luminary (usually the Moon); or stars, the sun and the moon are formed from one and the same primeval person or creature




Motif

j12


Name_eng: 
Travelling girl walks across suitors
Description: 

A girl (or two sisters) travel, usually in search of a proper marriage partner who lives far away or who has gone away. On her way or after reaching the place of destination the girl gets to some unpleasant suitors




Motif

j57


Name_eng: 
Son of the Sun
Description: 

A virgin girl is impregnated by the Sun and gives birth to a son or twin boys. When her son (or the twins) grows up, he (they) comes to his father




Motif

k12


Name_eng: 
Woman is lost and returned
Description: 

By trick or by force, a rival or adversary kidnaps hero's wife or bride. The man gets her back




Motif

k16


Name_eng: 
To get access to a girl in guise of a bird or an animal
Description: 

Disguised as a bird, small animal or insect, a man penetrates into the place of a girl (into her father’s house)




Motif

k17


Name_eng: 
The ornitomorphic suitor
Description: 

An ornitomorphic hero impregnates a girl magically or imperceptibly for her




Motif

k28


Name_eng: 
Father or uncle is rival and enemy
Description: 

Maternal uncle or father (or grandfather if he replaces father who is not mentioned) of the young man is his rival or enemy and tries to kill him




Motif

k29b


Name_eng: 
Posthole murder
Description: 

Hero is asked to climb into a hole or pit. When he does it, they fill it with soil or throw down a post, a stone, etc. The hero demonstrates his magic capacities coming back uninjured




Motif

k61b


Name_eng: 
To get know names
Description: 

To get know names of strangers, person finds or creates situations when the strangers call each other by name




Motif

l13


Name_eng: 
The reared up monster
Description: 

A small creature is reared up by people. When it is grown up, it becomes harmful and dangerous




Motif

l14


Name_eng: 
Reared up serpent
Description: 

A small creature (often a worm or a reptile) is brought home and reared up or it becomes to live by itself in an artificial body of water. When big, it goes out of human control or becomes something huge and/or dangerous. Cf. motif L13A (The reared up monster attacks people)




Motif

l40


Name_eng: 
Reflection and shadow
Description: 

Person discovers (rare:still fails to discover) another getting to see his or her shadow or reflection in water




Motif

l107


Name_eng: 
The ear-sleepers
Description: 

Anthropomorphic beings have huge ears (use them for blankets, umbrellas, etc.)




Motif

m7


Name_eng: 
Hero waiting to be picked up
Description: 

Getting into the lower or upper world, to an island, a country at the horizon, etc. a man is unable to move further and waits for somebody who could bring him to his destination. Some animals, birds or celestial bodies pass by, the last one (often the Sun or the Moon) picks him up and brings to the place he is eager to go




Motif

m21


Name_eng: 
A protector hides fugitives
Description: 

Person pursued by an enemy asks somebody whom he meets to help him. The helper hides him




Motif

m46a


Name_eng: 
A stratagem: the picked up baby
Description: 

Person turns into baby, is picked up by the owner of valuables, steals the valuables or makes love to a woman. The baby is not a demonic creature and does not plan to kill those who picked him up (cf. motif L60)




Motif

m81


Name_eng: 
Blind persons
Description: 

A man travels and comes to two or several blind (usually old) persons




Motif

m81c


Name_eng: 
Blinds met in the sky
Description: 

Getting to the sky or (rare) to the lower world a man comes across one or two blind persons, then returns to the earth. Usually he cures their eyes




Motif

m81d


Name_eng: 
Blind persons cured
Description: 

A man comes across (often in the sky) one or two blind persons and cures their eyes




Motif

m49


Name_eng: 
Man in a skin of another
Description: 

Hero comes across a (animal-)person from an enemy group and takes his or her appearance, usually dressing himself in a skin of his victim; after this he penetrates the enemy camp




Motif

l72


Name_eng: 
The obstacle flight
Description: 

Running away from a dangerous being, person throws small objects behind him or her which turn into mighty obstacles on the way of the pursuer




Motif

l81


Name_eng: 
Demon’s fire
Description: 

Person sets off in search of fire and finds it in the house of a demon. The demon makes harm to the person




Motif

i22


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent movement
Description: 

There are objects which remaining on the same place are moving permanently or periodically (meet and part. rise and fall down, shut and open, rotate)




Motif

k27e


Name_eng: 
Eating or drinking contest
Description: 

Person or animal must eat (drink) enormous quantity of food (beverage) or eat or drink poisonous beverage or food




Motif

k27n3c


Name_eng: 
Task-giver is a zoomorphic being
Description: 

Person who gives difficult tasks to the hero is associated with an animal, a bird or a fish




Motif

i37f


Name_eng: 
Fungi are ears
Description: 

Fungi or mushrooms are named “ears”




Motif

m5a


Name_eng: 
Passengers of the sinking canoe
Description: 

Small animals ride a canoe, it sinks, all try to save their lives in their own way




Motif

l132


Name_eng: 
The theft of food: a family conflict
Description: 

When a member of a small (family) group secretly eats the food reserved for others, a serious conflict (often a murder) follows




Motif

l133


Name_eng: 
Limbs put aside
Description: 

Person is capable to preserve his limbs apart from his body and use them when needed




Motif

i2


Name_eng: 
Lightning from eyes
Description: 

Lightning emerges from eyes or mouth of the being who is thought to produce thunderstorms




Motif

k21


Name_eng: 
Woman gets to the sky and marries a sky-dweller
Description: 

Woman gets to the sky and marries a sky-dweller




Motif

l65b3


Name_eng: 
The escape on the tree
Description: 

Persons climbs a tree and thanks to this escapes from a demon (who usually tries to fell the tree)




Motif

k177


Name_eng: 
The travelling heroine
Description: 

A girl or young woman sets off to find or return her fience or her husband or she escapes from a fanger and ultimately marries happily




Motif

k176


Name_eng: 
A man in search of the woman
Description: 

A (young) man sets off to find or to return his bride or his wife




Motif

l19a


Name_eng: 
Beings with even number of heads
Description: 

Beings (any besides birds) with even but not more than ten number of heads are described in tales or represented in art. Beings that with even number of heads named in a row with other multi-headed beings and the highest number is even or bigger than ten are not considered




Motif

i45b


Name_eng: 
Not to point at the rainbow
Description: 

It to point at the rainbow, pointing finger or entire arm will rot, wither or become crooked




Motif

m5b


Name_eng: 
The ungrateful passenger
Description: 

An animal (often the rat) who cannot swim well is brought to the shore by another one but pays him with ingratitude




Motif

m5c


Name_eng: 
The hairy octopus
Description: 

The octopus or star-fish was covered with hair but the rat had eaten it up




Motif

k25


Name_eng: 
Magic wife
Description: 

A man consciously marries a woman related to the non-human world




Motif

i22e


Name_eng: 
Objects in permanent move on the way of the dead
Description: 

On their way to the Beyond, souls of the dead must get between clashing rocks or other moving obstacles




Motif

i22g


Name_eng: 
Clapping rocks
Description: 

There are mountains or rocks which permanently collide and separate again from each other or a crack (jaws) in a vertical cliff which is opening and closing




Motif

e9n


Name_eng: 
Sea mammal-wife
Description: 

Man marries a seal, dolphin or porpous who takes guise of a woman and lives with her in the human world




Motif

a46a


Name_eng: 
The Sun and Moon are eyes of a deity
Description: 

The Sun and Moon (Rig-Veda: the Sun only) are associated with eyes of an anthropomorphic being (the motif of their emergence, creation from his eyes is not obligatory)




Motif

m46


Name_eng: 
The false baby
Description: 

Planning to get or to return valuables, person turns into baby or in a small objects that has power to impregnate a woman. The picked up or the born baby steals the valuables and acquires his real guise (including cases according to which the girl herself is the desired valuable)




Motif

f9e1


Name_eng: 
Dangerous animal in vagina
Description: 

Woman is dangerous because biting or stinging animal or animals is (are) inside her genitals (and not only the head of such an animal)




Motif

i3


Name_eng: 
Weapon of Thunder
Description: 

The lightning (and thunder) is (produced with) an object (axe, sword, mirror, belt, stones, skin, etc.) in hands of anthropomorphic being




Motif

i36


Name_eng: 
Thunder and lightning are relatives, spouses or in-laws
Description: 

Thunder and lightning (two thunders, two lightings) are close relatives, spouses or in-laws




Motif

i35


Name_eng: 
Dragging a hide produces thunder
Description: 

Thunder is produced by dragging behind a dry animal skin or (rare) a person (rare) or by shaking clothes





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Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 3 Tradition:
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