Malayali; Kannikaran



Tradition title rus: 
Керала: малаяли
Areal ID: 
5.6.3.2
Tradition analysis result motif count all: 
39.00
Tradition analysis result motif count cosmo: 
11.00
Motifs: 

Motif

a12


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: monster’s attack
Description: 

Some creature or creatures regularly (sunrise and sunset, summer and winter, lunar phases) or irregularly (solar and lunar eclipses, eschatological events) attack the luminaries or shade their light




Motif

a12f


Name_eng: 
Eclipses: the creditor
Description: 

A creditor comes from time to time to the Sun or the Moon to claim back his money producing eclipses




Motif

k65b


Name_eng: 
Humans and spirits
Description: 

Spirits or unpleasant animals (reptiles, worms, etc.) are (often: concealed from the eyes of God or deformed) children or miscarriages of the same human couple or the same primeval ancestor who produced first human beings




Motif

l37b


Name_eng: 
Secrets accidentally overheard
Description: 

Person accidentally overhears secrets of animals or demons and thus gets to know the causes of his and other people's misfortunes




Motif

m39c


Name_eng: 
Pumpkin sold as a donkey’s egg
Description: 

A numskull finds or buys an unknown fruit (pumpkin, melon, etc.). He mistakes it for an egg of a donkey (mare. camel, etc.). When he drops it or throws it off he scares a hidden hare (rabbit, fox, mouse, etc.). The fool thinks the fugitive is a young animal hatched from the egg




Motif

e31a


Name_eng: 
Creators and rescuers of a girl
Description: 

Several men take part in rescuing, creation or reanimation of a girl (rare: a bird) or several women take part in the reanimation of a dead man or they differetly express their grief. It is asked whose role was crucial (who behavior more noble) and/or who should be the spouse of the reanimated person. Or three men make something valuable and it is asked whose role in the corresponding enterprise was more important




Motif

i74a


Name_eng: 
Stars are fire-flies
Description: 

Stars are fire-flies, glow-worms




Motif

i51a


Name_eng: 
Bull the earth-holder
Description: 

Big mammal supports the earth




Motif

e31a2


Name_eng: 
That one is like her father, another is like her brother but this one is her husband
Description: 

Only one of several men can marry a girl. The girl herself or somebody else explains that somebody among suiters is like a father to her, somebody else is like her brother and only one of the men suits the role of the girl’s husband




Motif

e31a2


Name_eng: 
That one is like her father, another is like her brother but this one is her husband
Description: 

Only one of several men can marry a girl. The girl herself or somebody else explains that somebody among suiters is like a father to her, somebody else is like her brother and only one of the men suits the role of the girl’s husband




Motif

k56a5


Name_eng: 
Old woman becomes a young beauty
Description: 

An old or ugly woman is transformed into a young beauty or becomes rich. Usually another old woman tries to imitate her but dies or suffers a reverse




Motif

l125


Name_eng: 
Demonic wife recognized
Description: 

A man marries a beauty but catches her in a situation when her not human nature is revealed. After this their marriage breaks down




Motif

m91c1


Name_eng: 
Herd from the river bottom
Description: 

Person gets other person’s possessions by trick (or pretends to get it; usually another person is drowned instead of him) and then demonstrates his possessions (usually a herd) and explains that he had received everything at the river bottom. His enemies believe him




Motif

m134


Name_eng: 
A tower of wolves
Description: 

Animals, demons or people stand one on another making a tower. The lowest one jumps off (bends, jerks), all the rest fall to the ground




Motif

m167


Name_eng: 
A tiger taken for a bull
Description: 

During the night a strong predator (a tiger, a lion, etc.) and a thief not knowing about each other get into stable to steal a domestic animal. The thief takes the predator for domestic animal or for a person and acts accordingly




Motif

m167a


Name_eng: 
A tiger who is afraid of Twilight
Description: 

A strong predator (usually a tiger) overhears a person saying that he fears something worse than a tiger The word is unknown to the tiger (twilight, etc). Thinking it must be a terrible thing he hides and then runs away




Motif

m29o1


Name_eng: 
The monkey is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the monkey suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

m57c


Name_eng: 
Gold producing animal
Description: 

An animal (ass, cow, horse, goat, bear, leopard) extracts gold or food from its body or person makes others believe that it is so




Motif

m57c1


Name_eng: 
Gold-producing bear
Description: 

A man enters into a fight with a bear or (among the Malayali) leopard and makes another person believe that this animal defecates gold




Motif

m39a1


Name_eng: 
Misunderstood instructions: a step behind
Description: 

Fool follows instructions that were reasonable in every previous episode but become absurd in every next one




Motif

m29b


Name_eng: 
Trickster-fox, jackal or coyote
Description: 

In episodes related to deception, absurd, obscene or anti-social behavior the protagonist is fox, jackal or coyote




Motif

m29b3


Name_eng: 
The fox (jackal, coyote) is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the fox, jackal or coyote suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

m29w2


Name_eng: 
The tiger is a failure
Description: 

Because of its stupidity and unsocial behavior, the tiger suffers a reverse, is injured or dies




Motif

m152


Name_eng: 
Why only one wolf?
Description: 

When a weak animal or a person gets to see a predator animal or an ogre, he says in a loud voice (or asks to say his wife or children) something that frightens the predator (ogre): why the predator (ogre) brought to him is lean (small; only one instead of several), or it is good that more food gets to his house, etc. The predator (ogre) runs away




Motif

m152a


Name_eng: 
Animal tied to another for safety
Description: 

A stronger and a weaker predator animals (ogre and an animal) tie together for safety. When the stronger one runs away, he drags the weaker one along with him




Motif

k27hh


Name_eng: 
To sort grain
Description: 

A task: to sort a large amount or small particles of different kind (usually seeds of different plants) mixed in container or to count such particles or to pick up the spilled grains




Motif

k27q


Name_eng: 
Milk of the wild beast
Description: 

Hero is sent to bring milk of a wild animal or milk in possession of a dangerous creature or person




Motif

m114b


Name_eng: 
Not clothed and not naked
Description: 

When a person is suggested to make something and simultaneously not to make it or to make it differently than it could be made at all (to come clothed and naked, with and without a gift, etc.), he or she finds the solution




Motif

m204


Name_eng: 
Money gets one who is destined to get it
Description: 

When a deity (powerful person) attempts to pass some money to a certain man, he either gets it or not thanks to his fate while all other factors play no role




Motif

k56b


Name_eng: 
The worthy man is rewarded, the unworthy punished
Description: 

First one, then another man meets a powerful person or persons. The first man is worthy and rewarded with treasure, prestige or the like. The second man (or two men) follows him, behaves in a wrong way and is punished




Motif

k80c1


Name_eng: 
The tell-tale calf’s head
Description: 

A person brings to a king or has at his home something edible. At the decisive moment fruits or meat turn into human remains. The person imprisoned (and executed)




Motif

m23


Name_eng: 
Mock plea
Description: 

Person or creature pretends to be afraid of a particular sort of treatment that really cannot do him any harm




Motif

m136d


Name_eng: 
The air castles
Description: 

A person plans to turn his (future) possessions into a great wealth (milk, eggs, small money, animal to be killed, etc.) but imagining this wealth, he destroys what he already has (eggs are broken, the animal runs away, etc.). Or two persons are involved into quarrel about possessions that they do not yet have




Motif

m143


Name_eng: 
Fox in a well
Description: 

Getting into a well or pit and being unable to climb out animal person tricks another to descend and thanks to this gets out while the second person remains below




Motif

m200


Name_eng: 
The miller, his son, and the donkey
Description: 

An elder man and a boy travel with one donkey (horse). They try all possible ways but are always blamed (a man rides on the donkey and the boy walks; the boy on the donkey and the man walks; both on the donkey; both walk or they carry the donkey).




Motif

m204a


Name_eng: 
One does not see money because he closes his eyes
Description: 

Money is intentionally thrown in front of a man to be used by him. At this moment he closes his eyes and passes by




Motif

m197a


Name_eng: 
The pot has a child and dies
Description: 

A borrower returns a cattle (pot) together with a small one, claiming that the cattle gave birth to a child. He borrows the pot again but does not return it, claiming that the pot dies




Motif

k25e


Name_eng: 
Magic wife is an ancestor
Description: 

All humans, members of a particular ethnic or social group or a ruling dynasty are believed to descend from a mortal man and a woman of supernatural origin




Motif

b69


Name_eng: 
Chipmunk's back scratched: hence his stripes
Description: 

To thank or to punish a small mammal like chipmunk or (ground) squirrel, animal or person scratches or paints it producing stripes on its back





Similar traditions based on Cosmology and Etiology motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 7 Tradition: Garo (Atchik), Kachari (Bodo, incl. Lalung), Dimasa, Tripuri, Riang (of Tripura), Khami, Riga, Mori
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Kazakh
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Eastern Arunachal Pradesh: Abor (incl Minyong, Shimong, Padam, Pasi, Panggi), Apa Tani (Apatani), Bori, Bugun, Dafla (=Nyishi, Nisi, Nishing, incl Tagin), Gallong (=Galo, Adi), Mishmi
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Kuki, Chiru, Falam (Hallam), Chin (Meitei =Manipuri, Khami, =Kumi), Lakher, Mizo (Lushei), Anal, Pawi (Lai), Purum, Koireng, Milhiem, Kolhen, Mru
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Nilgiri Hills: Toda, Kota, Kurumba (Kuruba), Badaga, Maravar, Pulaya, Adiya, Kadar, Irula
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Shan
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Gondi (mostly Northern Gondi)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Chin-Naga: Ao, Mao, Sema, Zeme, Liangmai, Kolren, Kom, Lhota, Rengma, Angami, Kabui, Tangkhul, Koirenf
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Northern Munda of Kharwar branch: Birhor, Ho, Mundari, Kol, Asur (including Agaria, Kol, Birjhia), Bhumij
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Punjabi, Seraiki (Multani)

Similar traditions based on Adventures and Tricks motifs:
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 6 Tradition:
Arabs of Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan); Bedouins of Sinai
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 5 Tradition:
Greeks (modern)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Bulgarians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Latvians
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Khmer
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Tunisia Arabs
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Tamil, Muthuvan, Marvar
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Arabs of Egypt
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Oraon (Kurukh)
Shared motifs (from a list of 10 less used): 4 Tradition:
Spain